ASTM D4740-04
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Cleanliness and Compatibility of Residual Fuels by Spot Test
Standard Test Method for Cleanliness and Compatibility of Residual Fuels by Spot Test
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The two procedures in this test method are used alone or in combination to identify fuels or blends that could result in excessive centrifuge loading, strainer plugging, tank sludge formation, or similar operating problems.
A spot rating of Number 3 or higher on a finished fuel oil by the cleanliness procedure indicates that the fuel contains excessive suspended solids and is likely to cause operating problems.
Although a fuel may test clean when subjected to the cleanliness procedure, suspended solids may precipitate when the fuel is mixed with a blend stock. Evidence of such incompatibility is indicated by a spot rating of Number 3 or higher in the compatibility procedure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers separate procedures for determining the cleanliness of residual fuel oil and the compatibility of a residual fuel oil with a blend stock. It is applicable to residual fuel oils with viscosities up to 50 cSt (1 cSt = 1 mm2s) at 100°C.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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An American National Standard
Designation:D4740–04
Standard Test Method for
Cleanliness and Compatibility of Residual Fuels by Spot
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Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4740; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3.1.3 compatibility, n—of residual fuel, the absence of
suspended solids when equal volumes of a sample and a blend
1.1 This test method covers separate procedures for deter-
stock are mixed together.
mining the cleanliness of residual fuel oil and the compatibility
of a residual fuel oil with a blend stock. It is applicable to
4. Summary of Test Method
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residual fuel oils with viscosities up to 50 cSt (1 cSt = 1 mm s)
4.1 Cleanliness Procedure—A drop of the preheated and
at 100°C.
thoroughly mixed sample is put on a test paper and placed in
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
an oven at 100°C.After 1 h, the test paper is removed from the
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
oven and the resultant spot is examined for evidence of
information only.
suspended solids and rated for cleanliness using the D 4740
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Adjunct Reference Spots.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 Compatibility Procedure—A blend composed of equal
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
volumes of the sample fuel oil and the blend stock is tested in
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
the same way as described in 4.1 and rated for compatibility
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
against D 4740 Adjunct Reference Spots.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 The two procedures in this test method are used alone or
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
in combination to identify fuels or blends that could result in
Petroleum Products
excessive centrifuge loading, strainer plugging, tank sludge
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
formation, or similar operating problems.
Petroleum Products
5.2 A spot rating of Number 3 or higher on a finished fuel
E 1 Specification forASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
3 oil by the cleanliness procedure indicates that the fuel contains
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
excessive suspended solids and is likely to cause operating
Reference Spot Sheet (D 4740)
problems.
3. Terminology 5.3 Although a fuel may test clean when subjected to the
cleanliness procedure, suspended solids may precipitate when
3.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
the fuel is mixed with a blend stock. Evidence of such
3.1.1 blend stock, n—a finished residual fuel oil or fuel oil
incompatibility is indicated by a spot rating of Number 3 or
component, including petroleum streams ranging from kero-
higher in the compatibility procedure.
sine to residuals and asphalt.
3.1.2 cleanliness, n—of residual fuel, the absence of sus-
6. Apparatus
pended solids in a finished sample.
6.1 Test Paper—Chromatographic or filter paper cut or
divided into appropriately sized squares, strips, or circles.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on 4
Whatman #2 Qualitative filter paper has been found to be
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
suitable and was used in the interlaboratory round robin study.
D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2004.PublishedJuly2004.Originallyapproved
in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 4740–02.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or The sole source of supply of Whatman paper No. 2 known to the committee at
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM this time is Whatman, Inc., 9 Bridewell Place, Clifton, NJ 07014. If you are aware
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International
the ASTM website. Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
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Available from ASTM Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD4740. responsible technical committee , which you may attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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D4740–04
NOTE 1—Mechanical shaking or mechanical mixing is recommended.
In ca
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