ASTM F1360-06(2012)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Ovens, Microwave, Electric
Standard Specification for Ovens, Microwave, Electric
ABSTRACT
This specification covers commercial microwave ovens. These ovens use ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic radiation in the approved industrial, scientific, and medical bands to defrost, heat, and cook food. The microwave ovens are classified by types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes. In terms of types, there are two kinds: Type I is commercial microwave oven and Type II is combination of commercial microwave and convection/radiant heat oven. They can be classified into Size 600, Size 1200, and Size 1800 according to microwave output power. In terms of cavity volume, these ovens can be divided into Group 1, Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4. As for the size of cooking cavity, these microwave ovens may be grouped into Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, and Class 4. They may have two styles: Style 1 which has a dial type timer and Style 2 which has a digital timer and touchpad controls(computer controlled). The material, design, construction, and physical requirements of microwave ovens shall be discussed. The performance requirements of these ovens shall be discussed after evaluating the following: cooking cavity light, interchangeability, microwave rated power output, and operation. The following tests shall be performed: cavity weight load test, microwave rated power output test, commercial microwave oven reliability test, production unit test, operational test, and microwave energy distribution test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers commercial microwave ovens. These ovens use ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic radiation in the approved industrial, scientific, and medical bands to defrost, heat, and cook food.
1.2 Limitations—This specification does not include all types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes of the commodities indicated by the titles of the specification, or that are commercially available, but is intended to cover the types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes that are suitable for general requirements.
1.3 Oven Selection And Application— Prior to the use of the classifications given in 4.1, the user agency should ensure they are not restricted by some aspect of the microwave oven design such as a weight or external dimension limitation that would prevent the unrestricted use of the classifications given in 4.1.
1.4 Microwave Oven Availability—Although 4.1 lists a wide range of sizes, classes, groups, and styles for commercial types of ovens, not all combinations are available.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test method portion only, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: F1360 −06 (Reapproved 2012) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Ovens, Microwave, Electric
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1360; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 Thisspecificationcoverscommercialmicrowaveovens.
A167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting
These ovens use ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic radiation
Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
in the approved industrial, scientific, and medical bands to
A176Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chro-
defrost, heat, and cook food.
mium Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
1.2 Limitations—This specification does not include all
A240/A240MSpecification for Chromium and Chromium-
types, sizes, groups, styles, and classes of the commodities
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
indicated by the titles of the specification, or that are commer-
Vessels and for General Applications
cially available, but is intended to cover the types, sizes,
B108Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Permanent Mold
groups, styles, and classes that are suitable for general require-
Castings
ments.
B209Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
1.3 Oven Selection And Application—Priortotheuseofthe Sheet and Plate
classifications given in 4.1, the user agency should ensure they D3951Practice for Commercial Packaging
arenotrestrictedbysomeaspectofthemicrowaveovendesign
F760Specification for Food Service Equipment Manuals
such as a weight or external dimension limitation that would F1166Practice for Human Engineering Design for Marine
prevent the unrestricted use of the classifications given in 4.1.
Systems, Equipment, and Facilities
2.2 ANSI Standards:
1.4 Microwave Oven Availability—Although4.1listsawide
B1.1Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread
rangeofsizes,classes,groups,andstylesforcommercialtypes
Form)
of ovens, not all combinations are available.
C62.41Guide for SurgeVoltages in LowVoltageAC-Power
1.5 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
Circuits
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
WD-6Wiring Devices—Dimensional Requirements
information only.
Z1.4Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by
Attributes
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test
2.3 International Electrotechnical Commission Standard:
method portion only, Section 11, of this specification: This
Standard No. 705Methods for Measuring the Performance
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
of Microwave Ovens for Household and Similar Purposes
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
2.4 National Sanitation Foundation Standard:
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
NSF/ANSI 4Commercial Cooking, Rethermalization, and
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
Powered Hot Food Holding and Transport Equipment
tions prior to use.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.02 on the ASTM website.
Cooking and Warming Equipment. Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originally 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F1360–06. DOI: Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd.,Ann
10.1520/F1360-06R12. Arbor, MI 48113-0140.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1360 − 06 (2012)
2.5 Underwriters Laboratories Standard: 4.1.1.1 Type I—Commercial microwave oven.
ANSI/UL 923for Microwave Cooking Appliances 4.1.1.2 Type II—Combination commercial microwave and
convection/radiant heat oven.
2.6 Federal Standard:
4.1.2 Size:
FED-STD-123Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
4.1.2.1 Size 600—600 to 1199 W microwave power output.
2.7 Military Standards:
4.1.2.2 Size 1200—1200 to 1799 W microwave power
MIL-STD-167-1 Mechanical Vibrations of Shipboard
output.
Equipment
4.1.2.3 Size 1800—1800 and greater watt microwave power
MIL-STD-461RequirementsFortheControlofElectromag-
output.
netic Interference Characteristics of Subsystems and
4.1.3 Group:
Equipment
3 3 3
4.1.3.1 Group 1—0.5 to 0.8 ft (0.014 m to 0.0226 m )
MIL-E-1399/300 InterfaceStandardforShipboardSystems,
cooking cavity (minimum cooking cavity dimensions of 7.5
Section 300A, Electric Power, Alternating Current
shall be met).
2.8 Federal Regulations:
3 3
4.1.3.2 Group 2—Over 0.8 to 1.2 ft (0.0226 m to 0.034
Title 21,Food and Drugs, Subchapter J—Radiological
m ) cooking cavity.
Health
3 3 3
4.1.3.3 Group 3—Over1.2to1.5ft (0.034m to0.042m )
Title 29,Labor, Chapter 17, Occupational Safety and Health
cooking cavity.
Administration, Department of Labor
3 3
4.1.3.4 Group 4—Over 1.5 ft (0.042 m ) cooking cavity.
3. Terminology
4.1.4 Style:
4.1.4.1 Style 1—Dial type timer(s).
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
4.1.4.2 Style 2—Digital timer and touchpad controls (com-
3.1.1 cavity—that portion of the microwave cooking appli-
puter controlled).
ance in which food may be heated, cooked, or defrosted.
4.1.4.3 Style 3—Dial or pushbutton timer(s), or both.
3.1.2 door—the moveable barrier that permits access to the
4.1.5 Class:
cavityforplacementorremovaloffood,andwhosefunctionis
4.1.5.1 Class 1—10to15in.(254to381mm)widecooking
to prevent emission of microwave energy from the passage or
cavity.
opening that provides access to the cavity.
4.1.5.2 Class 2—Over 15 to 18 in. (381 to 457 mm) wide
3.1.3 interlock—a device or system, either electrical,
cooking cavity.
mechanical, or electromechanical, that serves to prevent expo-
4.1.5.3 Class 3—Over 18 to 24 in. (457 to 610 mm) wide
sure to an electric shock, or physical injury, or excessive
cooking cavity.
radiation emission when a door, cover, or access panel is
4.1.5.4 Class 4—Over24in.(610mm)widecookingcavity.
opened or removed.
3.1.4 magnetron—a type of microwave energy generator
5. Ordering Information
usually used in microwave cooking appliances.
5.1 Ordering Data—Purchasers shall select the preferred
3.1.5 microwave oven—a device that uses ultrahigh fre-
optionspermittedhereinandincludethefollowinginformation
quencyelectromagneticradiationinthebandsof915 625and
in procurement documents:
2450 6 50 MHz to prepare food.
5.1.1 Title, number, and date of this specification,
3.1.6 microwave radiation emission—themicrowaveenergy
5.1.2 Type, size, group, class, and style of oven required
to which persons might be exposed during operation or user (see 1.2 and 4.1),
servicing of a microwave cooking appliance.
5.1.3 When oven hardware, fittings, door, cooking cavity,
and exterior materials are other than as specified (see 6.2, 6.4,
3.1.7 viewing screen—that feature of a microwave
6.5, and 6.6),
appliance, usually part of the door assembly, that is opaque to
5.1.4 When an automatic oven shutdown is required for
microwave energy but visually transparent to provide for
vending operation use (see 7.3.2),
viewing the oven contents.
5.1.5 When surge voltage protection is required (see 7.4.2),
4. Classification
5.1.6 When an air intake filter is required (see 7.6),
5.1.7 When a heat control is to be provided (see 7.7),
4.1 Microwave ovens covered by this specification are
5.1.8 When convection heating capability is to be provided
classifiedbytypes,sizes,groups,styles,andclassesasfollows:
(see 7.7),
4.1.1 Type:
5.1.9 When a temperature sensing probe is to be provided
(see 7.7),
Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333
5.1.10 Whenaninfraredtemperaturesensingdeviceistobe
Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.
provided (see 7.7),
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
5.1.11 When power level controls are to be other than
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, or Acquisition
Streamlining and Standardization Information System (ASSIST), which is the
specified, or when selection of microwave power in 10%
official source of all documents listed in the DoD Index of Specifications and
increments is offered (see 7.7.2),
Standards. The ASSIST can be located at http://dsp.dla.mil.
5.1.12 Voltage and frequency (Hz) of input power, if other
AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401. than specified (see 7.8.1),
F1360 − 06 (2012)
5.1.13 When the power cord length is other than specified conformingtoSpecificationB209.Thecookingcavityshallbe
(see 7.8.2), constructed and sealed to prevent spillage from draining into
the oven chassis.
5.1.14 Treatment and painting, if other than specified (see
7.9),
6.5 Door—Unless otherwise specified (see 5.1), the door
5.1.15 Whenwindowsarerequiredinovendoors(see7.12),
shall be constructed of Types 302 or 304 corrosion-resistant
steel conforming to Specifications A167 or A240/A240M.
5.1.16 When a mounting is required for the oven (see 8.1).
AluminumalloyTypes356or319conformingtoSpecification
5.1.17 When a cavity light for ovens without viewing
B108 or Type 6061 aluminum alloy conforming to Specifica-
screens is other than specified (see 8.2),
tion B209 may also be used alone or in combination with the
5.1.18 Whenthecontractoristohaveresponsibilityfor,and
corrosion-resisting steel described.
use facilities other than specified for inspection requirements
(see 10.3),
6.6 Exterior—Unless otherwise specified (see 5.1), material
shall be Types 302, 304, 316 or 430 corrosion-resistant steel
5.1.19 When a first article is required for inspection and
conforming to Specification A240/A240M or to Specifications
approval (see 10.6),
A167 or A176 as applicable, and thickness shall be 20 gage
5.1.20 When an oven light is required to be on (see 11.5.2),
min. (0.0375 in. (1 mm) U.S. revised standard gage).
5.1.21 Level of preservation and packing required if other
than as stated in Practice D3951 (see 12.1),
7. Design, Construction, and Physical Requirements
5.1.22 When sides of shipping containers are to be marked
7.1 General—Microwave ovens shall conform to the refer-
other than as specified (see 12.2),
enced documents listed in Section 2. The oven shall be
5.1.23 When Federal/Military procurements are required,
deliveredassembledwithallcomponentsnecessarytoensurea
review and implement the applicable supplemental require-
fully functional product.
ments (see S1.1 thru S7.2.3),
5.1.24 When specified in the purchase order or contract, the 7.2 Microwave Energy Source—Microwave energy shall be
generated using one or more magnetron tubes or any other
purchaser shall be furnished certification that samples repre-
sentingeachlothavebeeneithertestedorinspectedasdirected suitable generating source of microwave energy. Microwave
energy shall be interrupted and the generating source shall be
inthisspecificationandtherequirementshavebeenmet.When
specified in the purchase order or contract, a report of the test renderedinoperative(eitherturnedofforswitchedtoastandby
mode) when the oven door is open or not securely latched in
results shall be furnished.
the closed position.
6. Materials 7.2.1 Warning Label—Awarningmarkingshallbeaffixedto
the outer case assembly or adjacent to each service access
6.1 General—Microwave ovens shall conform to the refer-
coverandadjacenttooneofthefastenersthatsecurestheouter
enced documents listed in Section 2. Materials used shall be
case assembly to the oven chassis. A high voltage warning
free from defects that would affect the performance or main-
label shall also be placed near the high voltage components
tainabilityofindividualcomponentsoroftheoverallassembly.
inside the outer case. The label shall include but is not limited
Materialsnotspecifiedhereinshallbeofthesamequalityused
to the following warnings:
for the intended purpose in commercial practice. Unless
7.2.1.1 A warning of high voltage,
otherwisespecifiedherein,allequipment,material,andarticles
7.2.1.2 Power supply must be disconnected before
incorporatedintheworkcoveredbythisspecificationaretobe
servicing,
new and fabricated using materials produced from recovered
7.2.1.3 Access covers must be in place during use, and
materialstothemaximumextentpossiblewithoutjeopardizing
7.2.1.4 Servicing should be done only by authorized indi-
the intended use. The term “recovered materials” means
viduals.
materials that have been collected or recovered from solid
7.2.2 Microwave Radiation Distribution— Means shall be
waste and reprocessed to become a source of raw materials, as
provided to maintain uniform distribution of microwave radia-
opposed to virgin raw materials. None of the above shall be
tion throughout the cooking cavity (see 11.6).
interpreted to mean that the use of used or rebuilt products are
7.2.3 Door Latch Mechanism—The mechanical door latch
allowed under this specification unless otherwise specified.
mechanism shall be certified to be operable for no fewer than
6.2 Hardware and Fittings—Unlessotherwisespecified(see
10000 cycles without any visible deformation or inoperation.
5.1), all hardware and fittings shall be corrosion-resistant or
7.3 Magnetron Protection:
suitably processed to resist corrosion in accordance with the
manufacturer’s standard practice. 7.3.1 Reflected Energy—With the oven empty except for
any required tray or sheet furnished by the manufacturer, the
6.3 Threaded Parts—All threaded parts shall conform to
oven shall be capable of operation at maximum power output
ANSI B1.1.
for1horone maximum timer cycle, whichever is shorter,
without damage to the magnetron or other oven components.
6.4 Cooking Cavity—Unless otherwise specified (see 5.1),
the cooking cavity shall be constructed of Types 302, 304, or 7.3.2 Automatic Shutdown—When specified (see 5.1), the
316 corrosion-resistant steel conforming to Specifications ovens shall automatically shift to a standby condition after a
A167 or A240/A240M, or aluminum alloy Type 3003-0 nominal 60 s of nonoperation.
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