ASTM F1064-96
(Practice)Standard Practice for Sampling and Inspection of Complete and Incomplete Alpine Ski/Binding/Boot Systems in Rental Applications
Standard Practice for Sampling and Inspection of Complete and Incomplete Alpine Ski/Binding/Boot Systems in Rental Applications
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes a uniform method for the sampling and inspection of complete and incomplete Alpine ski/binding/boot systems used in rental operations. This practice is appropriate for use in rental applications in which all or part of the functional components of the system are supplied by the rental facility.
1.2 This practice should be followed by any facility that rents complete or incomplete Alpine ski/binding/boot systems to an end user.
Note-Refer to Practice F 1063 for equivalent procedures and tolerances for retail systems.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: F 1064 – 96
Standard Practice for
Sampling and Inspection of Complete and Incomplete
Alpine Ski/Binding/Boot Systems in Rental Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1064; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The intent of this practice is to provide guidelines for performing functional inspections and
adjustments of Alpine ski/binding/boot systems. Adhering to these guidelines may help to reduce the
risk of injuries resulting from improper mechanical functioning of releasable binding systems.
However, skiing involves inherent and other risks. Injury can result from simply falling down, impact
with an object, or from many other actions. Many injuries are unrelated to system function.
Furthermore, even a properly functioning system cannot protect the skier in all situations. Therefore,
it is to be clearly understood that compliance with these guidelines in no way guarantees that injury
can be prevented.
1. Scope frequency of sampling.
3.1.2 Class II deviation—a minor deviation that prompts
1.1 This practice establishes a uniform method for the
inspection of the entire inventory and corrective action, defined
sampling and inspection of complete and incomplete Alpine
as6 31 to 45 %, or 3 horizontal columns up or down from the
ski/binding/boot systems used in rental operations. This prac-
selected reference torque value.
tice is appropriate for use in rental applications in which all or
3.1.3 Class III deviation—a major deviation that prompts
part of the functional components of the system are supplied by
corrective action and a review of all procedures, defined as
the rental facility.
more than6 45 %, or more than three horizontal columns up or
1.2 This practice should be followed by any facility that
down from the selected reference torque value. The in-season
rents complete or incomplete Alpine ski/binding/boot systems
sampling and inspection program is designed to render the
to an end user.
occurrence of a Class III deviation unlikely.
NOTE 1—Refer to Practice F 1063 for equivalent procedures and
3.1.4 clean versus lubricated tolerance—the accepted dif-
tolerances for retail systems.
ference between clean and lubricated test result(s), defined as
not more than 20 % of the clean test, used whenever a
2. Referenced Documents
functional test for binding-boot compatibility is required.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.5 correction factor—the value that must be added or
F 939 Practice for Selection of Release Torque Values for
subtracted from the initial visual indicator setting to bring the
Alpine Ski Bindings
test result within the inspection tolerance (see 3.1.9).
F 1063 Practice for Functional Inspections and Adjustments
3.1.6 corrective action—procedures other than readjustment
of Alpine Ski/Boot/Binding Systems
of the visual indicator setting to include repair or replacement
of system components.
3. Terminology
3.1.7 deviation—the difference between the test result(s)
3.1 Definitions:
and the selected reference torque value, usually expressed as a
3.1.1 Class I deviation—a minor deviation that does not
percentage of the selected reference torque value.
require corrective action, defined as 616 to 30 %, or 2
3.1.8 initial visual indicator setting—the visual indicator
horizontal columns up or down from the selected reference
setting derived from the binding manufacturer’s release/
torque value. Class I deviations are used to determine the
retention adjustment chart.
3.1.9 inspection tolerance—the accepted difference be-
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-27 on Snow
tween the reference torque value and the test result. Defined as
Skiing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F27.50 on Shop Procedures
615 % of the reference torque value, or 63 Nm for twist and
(Retail and Rental).
610 Nm for forward lean, whichever is greater, or one
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1996. Published February 1997. Originally
published as F 1064 – 89. Last previous edition F 1064 – 94.
horizontal column up or down from the selected reference
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.07.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 1064
torque value determined on the binding manufacturer’s adjust- 5. Significance and Use
ment chart (see Appendix X3). Use as the criteria for prompt-
5.1 The purpose of this practice is to aid in providing the
ing consultation of the binding manufacturer’s troubleshooting
end user with an appropriate functioning system and release
procedures or application of a correction factor, should proce-
torque setting by providing the rental facility with an on-going
dures not be available.
program for monitoring the appropriateness of functional
3.1.9.1 Discussion—In the case when an algorithm or table
characteristics of the system. It is assumed that these proce-
is used to provide a value, either may be used (differences may
dures are integrated into the maintenance and operating pro-
be insignificant).
cedures specified by the equipment manufacturers. This prac-
3.1.10 interchangeable—applies to the free exchange of
tice is not intended to create additional or redundant
boots within a rental inventory without testing each new
requirements for the rental facility. However, this practice
combination of system components.
should be the basis for the development of rental procedures if
3.1.11 inward versus outward tolerance—the accepted dif-
the equipment manufacturer’s maintenance and operating pro-
ference between test results about an axis perpendicular to the
cedures do not specifically state that they are in compliance
plane of the ski, usually from the toe piece component, and
with this practice. This practice will aid the rental facility in
defined as within the inspection tolerance (see 3.1.9).
providing the end user with an appropriate release torque
3.1.12 limit for correction—the accepted difference be-
setting.
tween the reference torque value and the test result(s), defined
5.2 This practice is applicable to rental facilities that use
as6 30 % of the reference torque value, or 65 Nm for twist
releasable Alpine ski bindings. It is not intended as a method
and 620 Nm for forward lean, whichever is greater, or two
for evaluating equipment design.
horizontal columns up or down from the selected reference
6. Test Device
torque value determined on the binding manufacturer’s adjust-
ment chart (see Appendix X3). Used as the upper and lower
6.1 All tests specified in this practice are made with a device
limit for application of a correction factor.
that indicates torque. Such a device should be inspected by the
3.1.13 measured release value—release torque value deter-
rental facility in accordance with Annex A2.
mined by the use of a testing device of the type defined in
7. Equipment Inspection Requirements
Annex A1 (see 3.1.21).
7.1 Preseason Inspection—Prior to the beginning of each
3.1.14 noninterchangeable—applies to the establishment of
season and whenever new inventory is added, an inspection
specific binding-boot combinations that are tested each time a
should be made of the components of the release system. Units
new combination is created.
that do not meet the specified tolerances are repaired, modified,
3.1.15 random sampling—a procedure in which every sam-
or replaced.
pling unit in the inventory has an equal chance of being
7.1.1 A visual inspection for compatibility and interchange-
included in the sample.
ability is performed on all boots in accordance with the
3.1.16 reference binding—a unit that is typical of the
procedures recommended by the binding manufacturer.
bindings in inventory.
7.1.2 As a check on boots that are new to inventory, a single
3.1.17 reference boot—a boot that is typical of the boots in
unit sample, by make, model, and size, is taken and tested in
inventory and satisfies the requirements of A1.1.3.
accordance with the procedures in Section 9. If a boot fails, all
3.1.18 reference torque value—the nominal release torque
boots in the category are visually inspected for the defect and
value derived from a document compatible with Practice F 939
as a check, a 16-unit (or less if 16 are not available) random
such as Annex A3 or information supplied by the binding or
sample is taken and tested in accordance with the procedures in
test device manufacturer.
Section 9. If any boots in this sample fail, all remaining boots
3.1.19 rental skier day—the number of rental skiers (units)
in the category are tested.
processed through a ski rental facility in a 24-h period.
7.1.3 As a check on boots that have been accepted into
3.1.20 system—a group of interacting components, usually
inventory in a prior season, a 5 % (not less than 16 nor more
comprised of a ski, binding, and boot (S-B-B).
than 80-unit) sample is taken and tested in accordance with the
3.1.21 test result—the middle quantitative value of three
procedures in Section 9. If a boot fails, all boots in that make,
repetitions of the same test.
model, or age category are visually inspected for the defect. If
3.1.22 troubleshooting—the binding manufacturer’s recom-
the defect is found in another boot category, all boots in that
mendations or procedures for analyzing system failure.
category also are tested in accordance with the procedures in
3.1.23 visual indicator setting—the setting displayed on the
Section 9.
binding’s release adjustment scale.
7.1.4 Boots that meet the criteria for compatibility but do
4. Summary of Practice
not meet the criteria for interchangeability are used in non-
4.1 Prior to the beginning of each season, boots and interchangeable rental programs only.
bindings are inspected for compatibility and interchangeability 7.1.5 Preseason tests for compatibility or interchangeability,
using a testing device. or both, of the boot need not be made if the binding manufac-
4.2 At specified intervals throughout the operating season turer’s current operating procedures specifically state that the
samples are taken from rental inventory and inspected. Test boot is not a functional component of the release system and
results are used to determine sampling frequency and prompt that such tests are unnecessary.
corrective action when specified tolerances are exceeded. 7.1.6 Bindings used in an interchangeable rental program
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 1064
are inspected for appropriate function and valid release indi- rental output drops below 50 % of capacity over the sampling
cators in accordance with the procedures in Section 9. interval.
7.1.7 Bindings used in a noninterchangeable system are 8.1.2 The sample is taken at any time during the sampling
tested for appropriate function and valid visual indicators interval or may be spread over the period.
whenever a new system is created, whenever called for as a 8.1.3 The sample represents both inventory available for
result of the sampling procedure, or when recommended by the rental and equipment in the condition in which it is returned,
binding manufacturer. with an equal number of units drawn from each group. All units
7.1.8 Bindings that incorporate a single means of adjust- within such sample should be selected randomly (see 3.1.16).
ment for all release directions are tested in either twist or 8.2 Sampling Frequency—A sample of the size specified in
forward lean but need not be tested for both during the 8.1 is taken every seven days of operation. If the facility fails
preseason inspection. However, a 5 % (but not less than 16 nor a sample, daily sampling is instituted. Daily sampling is
more than 80-unit) random sample is tested in both directions continued until two consecutive samples have passed. Normal
by the procedure in Section 9. If a binding fails, a visual sampling is then resumed. After two consecutive weekly
inspection for the defect is conducted on all bindings. All (seven days of operation) samples have been conducted with-
bindings, in any binding category in which a defective unit is out a sample failure, the facility may institute a reduced
found, are tested in accordance with the procedures in Section sampling schedule of one sample per 14 days of operation. If
9. any sample fails on the reduced schedule, a daily schedule is
7.2 In-Season Inspection—At regular intervals, as specified instituted.
in Section 8, samples are taken from the rental inventory and 8.2.1 Facilities that have an average daily output of fewer
evaluated in accordance with the procedures in Section 9. than 160 rental skier days/day (averaged on a weekly basis)
7.2.1 The inventory fails the sample if a Class I deviation is may adopt an alternate procedure and sample, over the sam-
detected in more than 20 % of the units in the sample, or if a pling interval, 5 % of average daily output, and delay evalua-
single Class II deviation is detected. tion of the inspection results until a total of 16 sampled units
7.2.2 If a Class II deviation is detected in the sample, the have been accrued. However, if a single Class II or Class III
cause must be identified and the entire rental inventory deviation is detected at any time, corrective action as described
inspected for the defect and appropriate corrections made. in 7.2.2 and 7.2.3 is taken. This alternative method is used with
7.2.2.1 Class I deviations, when detected, need not be a normal (weekly) or daily sampling schedule but is inappro-
corrected. priate for a reduced schedule.
7.2.3 If a Class III deviation is detected in the sample, all
9. Sampling and Inspection Procedures
pertinent procedures as defined by the binding manufacturer
9.1 Pre-Season Check—Perform all tests in accordance with
are reviewed and corrective action taken.
Annex A1.
7.3 Incomplete Inspection—An inspection of the type de-
9.1.1 Boot Inspection—Unless otherwise specified by the
scribed in 7.3.1, 7.3.2, or 7.3.3 is conducted each time an
binding manufacturer, inspect boots as follows:
incomplete rental system is assembled during the rental trans-
9.1.1.1 Select two reference bindings of the same model.
action.
9.1.1.2 Clean and lubricate both bindings where the boot
7.3.1 The equipment is assembled, adjus
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