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ASTM C1355/C1355M-96(2011)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Composites

Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Composites

ABSTRACT
This specification covers glass fiber reinforced gypsum (GRG) composites suitable for producing GRG parts for non-loading bearings, thin sections, and ornamental shapes for architectural embellishment of interior building construction. Both the neat alpha gypsum cement and the resulting composite materials should conform to the specified physical and mechanical properties such as hardness, flexural strength, impact resistance, coefficient of linear thermal expansion, humidified deflection, surface burning characteristics, and nail pull resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers glass fiber reinforced gypsum (GRG) composites having minimum properties and quality suitable to allow the production of GRG parts for non-loading bearing, thin section, ornamental shapes for architectural embellishment of interior building construction.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system shall be independent of the other. Values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.3 The text of this standard references footnotes which provide explanatory material. These footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Nov-2011
ICS
91.060.10 - Walls. Partitions. Facades
91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
Technical Committee
C11 - Gypsum and Related Building Materials and Systems
Drafting Committee
C11.01 - Specifications and Test Methods for Gypsum Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C1355/C1355M-96(2006) - Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Composites
Effective Date
01-Dec-2011
Replaced By
ASTM C1355/C1355M-96(2015) - Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Composites
Effective Date
01-Oct-2015
Referred By
ASTM C1381/C1381M-23 - Standard Specification for Molded Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Parts
Effective Date
01-Dec-2011

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ASTM C1355/C1355M-96(2011) - Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum CompositesASTM C1355/C1355M-96(2011) - Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Composites
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ASTM C1355/C1355M-96(2011) - Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Composites
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Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1355/C1355M −96(Reapproved 2011)
Standard Specification for
Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Composites
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1355/C1355M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope tics by Means of a Barcol Impressor
E84Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
1.1 This specification covers glass fiber reinforced gypsum
Building Materials
(GRG) composites having minimum properties and quality
E136Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical
suitable to allow the production of GRG parts for non-loading
Tube Furnace at 750°C
bearing, thin section, ornamental shapes for architectural
embellishment of interior building construction.
3. Terminology
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
3.1 Definitions:Definitions of terms shall be in accordance
(metric) are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
with Terminology C11.
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
each system shall be independent of the other. Values from the
3.2.1 GRG composite, n—athinsectionlaminatemadefrom
two systems shall not be combined.
thecombinationofalphagypsumcement,glassfiber,additives
1.3 The text of this standard references footnotes which
and water.
provide explanatory material. These footnotes shall not be
3.2.2 GRG part, n—an individual molded component used
considered as requirements of the standard.
as architectural embellishment.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Materials and Manufacture
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 Materials:
C11Terminology Relating to Gypsum and Related Building
4.1.1 Alpha Gypsum Cement—Alpha-calcium sulfate
Materials and Systems
hemihydrate-plaster which is noncombustible, has a low water
C472Test Methods for Physical Testing of Gypsum, Gyp-
demand, neutral (pH) or low alkalinity, and a purity of not less
sum Plasters and Gypsum Concrete
than 90% by weight of CaSO ·2H O.
4 2
C473Test Methods for Physical Testing of Gypsum Panel
4.1.2 “E” Glass Fiber—Chopped glass fiber strands or
Products
continuous strand mats of calcia-alumina silicate glasses con-
C947Test Method for Flexural Properties of Thin-Section
forming to Specification D578.
Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using Simple Beam
4.1.3 Water—Potable water.
With Third-Point Loading)
4.1.4 Additives—In accordance with the alpha gypsum ce-
D256Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum
ment manufacturer’s specifications.
Impact Resistance of Plastics
4.2 Manufacturer’s Certification of Raw Materials:
D578Specification for Glass Fiber Strands
4.2.1 Alpha Gypsum Cement—Each lot of alpha gypsum
D696TestMethodforCoefficientofLinearThermalExpan-
cement shall be certified to be in compliance with 4.1 and 5.1.
sion of Plastics Between −30°C and 30°C with a Vitreous
4.2.2 Glass Fiber Reinforcement—Each lot of glass fiber
Silica Dilatometer
reinforcement shall be certified to be in compliance with
D2583Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plas-
Specification D578.
4.3 Composite Preparation:
4.3.1 Prepare a flat, rectangular composite of sufficient size
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C11 on
GypsumandRelatedBuildingMaterialsandSystemsandisthedirectresponsibility
to obtain specimens required in 5.2. The composite prepared
of Subcommittee C11.01 on Specifications andTest Methods for Gypsum Products.
shall be the same formula as the intended GRG part.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published June 2012. Originally
approved in 1996. Last previous addition approved in 2006 as C1355/
5. Mechanical Properties
C1355M–96(2006). DOI: 10.1520/C1355_C1355M-96R11.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.1 Neat Alpha Gypsum Cement:
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1.1 Normal Consistency shall be not more than 30 when
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tested in accordance with Test Methods C472.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1355/C1355M−96 (2011)
5.1.2 Compressive Strength shall be not less than 6000 psi 7. Number of Tests and Retests
(41.4 MPa) when tested in accordance with Test Methods
...

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This specification covers the minimum requirements for and the methods of application of gypsum sheathing for use as a substrate for exterior wall cladding. Gypsum sheathing board is a substrate that shall be covered by an exterior cladding or other weather-resistive barrier and is not intended for long-term exposure. Framing members shall be installed so that the surface will be in an even plane, unless otherwise specified, after the gypsum sheathing has been applied. The gypsum sheathing shall be cut by scoring and breaking or by sawing, working from the face side. The cut edges and ends of gypsum sheathing shall be trimmed to obtain neat fitting joints when installed. Gypsum sheathing shall be fitted snugly around all window and door openings. Control joints, other accessories, and metal plaster base shall be fastened through gypsum sheathing to framing members. Where fire resistance or shear resistance is not required, and when metal lath and Portland cement plaster are to be applied as the exterior cladding over gypsum sheathing installed over framing members and the metal lath shall be installed after the gypsum sheathing, the gypsum sheathing shall be permitted to be applied and fastening of the gypsum sheathing shall be completed with the attachment of the self-furred metal lath.
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1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements for and methods of application of exterior gypsum panel products that are specifically designed for use as a substrate for exterior cladding.  
1.1.1 This specification does not cover gypsum panel products that are specifically designed for interior applications.  
1.2 Details of construction for a specific assembly to achieve the required fire resistance shall be obtained from reports of fire-resistance tests, engineering evaluations, or listings from recognized fire testing laboratories.  
1.2.1 This specification shall govern where it is more stringent (size or thickness of framing and size and spacing of fasteners) than the fire-rated construction.  
1.3 Where sound control is required for a gypsum panel product assembly, the details of construction shall be in accordance with the acoustical test report of an assembly that has met the required acoustical value(s).  
1.3.1 This specification shall govern where it is more stringent (size or thickness of framing and size and spacing of fasteners) than the sound-rated construction.  
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1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 The text of this standard references notes which provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C1381/C1381M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Molded Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Parts

ABSTRACT
This specification covers molded glass fiber reinforced gypsum (GRG) parts, which are nonload-bearing, thin-shell, ornamental shapes for architectural embellishment of interior building construction. GRG parts shall be produced using the same materials used to make the composites in conformance with the referenced specification. GRG parts shall be manufactured from the mixed slurry or alpha gypsum cement, potable water and additives, and glass fiber reinforcement using either the hand lay-up or the spray-up process in a mold. GRG parts shall be produced according to approved shop drawings. Shop drawings shall specify part dimensions, quantities, recommended attachment points and methods, reinforcements, embedments, and tolerance. The material shall conform to the required mechanical properties and to the specified dimensions and tolerances of GRG parts.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers molded glass fiber reinforced gypsum (GRG) parts, which are nonload-bearing, thin-shell, ornamental shapes for architectural embellishment of interior building construction.  
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1.3 The information presented refers to the molded surface of the part.  
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ASTM C1355/C1355M-96(2020)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Composites

ABSTRACT
This specification covers glass fiber reinforced gypsum (GRG) composites suitable for producing GRG parts for non-loading bearings, thin sections, and ornamental shapes for architectural embellishment of interior building construction. Both the neat alpha gypsum cement and the resulting composite materials should conform to the specified physical and mechanical properties such as hardness, flexural strength, impact resistance, coefficient of linear thermal expansion, humidified deflection, surface burning characteristics, and nail pull resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers glass fiber reinforced gypsum (GRG) composites having minimum properties and quality suitable to allow the production of GRG parts for non-loading bearing, thin section, ornamental shapes for architectural embellishment of interior building construction.  
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ASTM C474-15(2020)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Joint Treatment Materials for Gypsum Board Construction

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover the physical testing of joint treatment materials such as joint compound, paper joint tape, glass-mesh joint tape, and an assembly of joint compound and paper joint tape. These materials are used in gypsum board construction. The test methods are detailed for the following: joint compound tests—for viscosity, shrinkage, check cracking, and putrefaction; joint tape tests—for tensile strength, width, and thickness; paper joint tape tests—for dimensional stability; assemblages of paper joint tape and joint compound—for bond of paper joint tape to joint compound and cracking of joint compound at tape edges; and glass-mesh joint tape test—for skewness.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the physical testing of joint compound, paper joint tape, glass-mesh joint tape, and an assembly of joint compound and paper joint tape.  
1.1.1 Joint treatment materials are specified in Specification C475/C475M.  
1.1.2 The joint treatment material described in this standard are for use with gypsum board installed in accordance with Specification C840.  
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:    
Joint Compound Tests:  
Viscosity  
5  
Shrinkage  
6  
Check Cracking  
7  
Putrefaction  
8  
Joint Tape Tests:  
Tensile Strength  
9  
Width  
10  
Thickness  
11  
Paper Joint Tape Tests:  
Dimensional Stability  
12  
Assemblages of Paper Joint Tape and Joint Compound:  
Bond of Paper Joint Tape to Joint Compound  
15  
Cracking of Joint Compound at Tape Edges  
14  
Glass-Mesh Joint Tape Test:  
Skewness  
13  
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ASTM C473-19(Test Method)
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These test methods cover the physical testing of gypsum panel products. The test methos appear in the following order: (1) flexural strength (Method A); (2) core, end, and edge hardness (Method A); (3) nail pull resistance (Method A); (4) humidified deflection; (5) end squareness; (6) nominal thickness; (7) recessed- or tapered-edge depth; (8) width; (9) length; (10) water resistance of core-treated water repellant gypsum panel products; and (11) surface water resistance of gypsum panel products with water-repellant surfaces. For use in these test methods, a sample shall consist of gypsum panel products. Flexural properties of gypsum panel products are evaluated by supporting the specimen near the ends and applying a transverse load midway between the supports. The core, end, and edge hardness of gypsum panel products is evaluated by determining the force required to push a steel punch into the area of test. The ability of gypsum panel products to resist nail pull-through is evaluated by determining the loaded required to push a standard nail head through the product. The humidified deflection of gypsum panel products is evaluated by supporting a specimen that has been cut with the long dimension perpendicular to the machine detection, supported horizontally, and subjected to high humidity.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the physical testing of gypsum panel products.  
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:    
Section  
Flexural Strength (Method A)  
7  
Core, End and Edge Hardness (Method A)  
8  
Nail Pull Resistance (Method A)  
9  
Flexural Strength (Method B)  
11  
Core, End and Edge Hardness (Method B)  
12  
Nail Pull Resistance (Method B)  
13  
Humidified Deflection  
14  
End Squareness  
15  
Nominal Thickness  
16  
Recessed- or Tapered Edge Depth  
17  
Width  
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Length  
19  
Water Resistance of Core-Treated Water-Repellent
Gypsum Panel Products  
20  
Surface Water Resistance of Gypsum Panel Products
with Water-Repellent Surfaces  
21  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard with the exception of weight of samples in SI gram units. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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This specification establishes the requirements for factory-laminated gypsum panel products designed for use either on walls, ceilings, or partitions as part of a sound control system, or as a gypsum stud or gypsum coreboard. It covers materials and manufacture, physical properties, dimensions and tolerances, finish and appearance, sampling, inspection, rejection, certification, packaging, marking, shipping, handling, and storage.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the factory-laminated gypsum panel products designed either for use on walls, ceilings, or partitions as part of a sound control system; or for use as a gypsum stud or gypsum coreboard.  
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ASTM C1396/C1396M-17(Specification)
Standard Specification for Gypsum Board

ABSTRACT
This specification covers gypsum boards which include the following: gypsum wallboard for use on walls, ceilings, or partitions and that affords a surface suitable to receive decoration; predecorated gypsum board for use as the finished surfacing for walls, ceilings, or partitions; gypsum backing board, coreboard, and shaftliner board for use as a base in multilayer systems or as a gypsum stud or core in semisolid or solid gypsum board partitions, or in shaft wall assemblies; water-resistant gypsum backing board to be used as a base for the application of ceramic or plastic tile on walls or ceilings; exterior gypsum soffit board for exterior soffits and carport ceilings that are completely protected from contact with liquid water; gypsum sheathing board for use as sheathing on buildings; gypsum base for veneer plaster; gypsum lath for use as a base for gypsum plaster application; and gypsum ceiling board for interior ceilings and walls. Gypsum board shall consist of a noncombustible core, essentially gypsum, surfaced with paper bonded to the core. The specimens shall comply with the following required physical properties: core, end, and edge hardness; straightness of the edges and ends; length; tapered edge depth; flexural strength; humidified deflection; nail pull resistance; permeance; water resistance; and surface water absorption.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the gypsum boards described in 1.1.1 – 1.1.9.
Note 1: Specifications C840, C841, C844 and C1280 contain application procedures for gypsum board.  
1.1.1 Gypsum wallboard,  designed for use on walls, ceilings, or partitions and that affords a surface suitable to receive decoration.  
1.1.2 Predecorated gypsum board, designed for use as the finished surfacing for walls, ceilings, or partitions.  
1.1.3 Gypsum backing board, coreboard, and shaftliner board, designed for use as a base in multilayer systems or as a gypsum stud or core in semisolid or solid gypsum board partitions, or in shaft wall assemblies.
Note 2: The terms backing board, coreboard, and shaftliner board refer to different end uses. The term gypsum backing board, as used in this specification, shall include gypsum coreboard and gypsum shaftliner board unless otherwise stated.  
1.1.4 Water-resistant gypsum backing board, designed primarily to be used as a base for the application of ceramic or plastic tile on walls or ceilings. This product is also suitable for decoration.  
1.1.5 Exterior gypsum soffit board, designed for use on exterior soffits and carport ceilings that are completely protected from contact with liquid water.  
1.1.6 Gypsum sheathing board,  designed for use as sheathing on buildings.  
1.1.7 Gypsum base for veneer plaster, designed for use as a base for the application of gypsum veneer plaster.  
1.1.8 Gypsum lath,  designed for use as a base for the application of gypsum plaster.  
1.1.9 Gypsum ceiling board,  designed for use on interior ceilings with framing spaced not more than 24 in. [610 mm] on center and that affords a surface suitable to receive water-based texture and other decoration. This product is also suitable for use on interior walls.  
1.2 Specifications applicable to all gypsum boards are located in Section 1 – 4 and 13 – 15. Specifications applicable to specific gypsum boards are located in the following sections:
Section  
Gypsum Wallboard, Predecorated Gypsum Board, and Laminated Gypsum Board  
5  
Gypsum backing board, gypsum coreboard,
gypsum shaftliner board  
6  
Water-resistant gypsum backing board  
7  
Exterior gypsum soffit board  
8  
Gypsum sheathing board  
9  
Gypsum base for veneer plaster  
10  
Gypsum lath  
11  
Gypsum Ceiling Board  
12  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each s...

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ASTM D8109-17(2024)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Waterproofing Repair of Concrete by Chemical Grout Crack Injection

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to be used in the selection and installation of chemical grout to seal leaks in concrete walls, floors, and ceilings. The procedure described in this guide focuses on the injection of through-wall cracks, but may be adapted to cold joints, control joints, voids associated with penetrations, and other voids contributing to water intrusion through concrete elements. This guide is intended to assist the building owner, owner’s representative, architect, engineer, contractor, or authorized inspector, or combinations thereof, during the selection, specification, or installation, or combinations thereof, of chemical grout for waterproofing repair.  
4.2 Prior to attempting any repair, it is important for all parties to have a clear and mutual understanding of the limitations of the repair and the iterative nature of the process. Injection of chemical grout does not affect the source of a leak. The repair obstructs the infiltration of water at a specific location only. The flow of water will be diverted elsewhere, and it is common for water to subsequently appear at a different location that was previously dry. A successful campaign at a given location can significantly reduce the amount of water infiltration, but may not fully prevent leakage. Given the nature of the materials and application technique, and depending on the conditions, the repairs should be periodically monitored and additional repair installations may be required.  
4.3 This guide is applicable to installations at below-grade walls and slabs. At above-grade elements, temperature variation on a daily or seasonal basis may lead to significant or more frequent changes, or both, in the width of a crack or joint. The use of injected chemical grout may be appropriate for many above-grade applications, but this guide does not specifically address installation of grout in dynamic cracks or joints.  
4.4 Cracks in below-grade walls may be a sign of structural distress. Prior to the i...
SCOPE
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1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C1280-18(2023)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Application of Exterior Gypsum Panel Products for Use as Sheathing

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the minimum requirements for and the methods of application of gypsum sheathing for use as a substrate for exterior wall cladding. Gypsum sheathing board is a substrate that shall be covered by an exterior cladding or other weather-resistive barrier and is not intended for long-term exposure. Framing members shall be installed so that the surface will be in an even plane, unless otherwise specified, after the gypsum sheathing has been applied. The gypsum sheathing shall be cut by scoring and breaking or by sawing, working from the face side. The cut edges and ends of gypsum sheathing shall be trimmed to obtain neat fitting joints when installed. Gypsum sheathing shall be fitted snugly around all window and door openings. Control joints, other accessories, and metal plaster base shall be fastened through gypsum sheathing to framing members. Where fire resistance or shear resistance is not required, and when metal lath and Portland cement plaster are to be applied as the exterior cladding over gypsum sheathing installed over framing members and the metal lath shall be installed after the gypsum sheathing, the gypsum sheathing shall be permitted to be applied and fastening of the gypsum sheathing shall be completed with the attachment of the self-furred metal lath.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements for and methods of application of exterior gypsum panel products that are specifically designed for use as a substrate for exterior cladding.  
1.1.1 This specification does not cover gypsum panel products that are specifically designed for interior applications.  
1.2 Details of construction for a specific assembly to achieve the required fire resistance shall be obtained from reports of fire-resistance tests, engineering evaluations, or listings from recognized fire testing laboratories.  
1.2.1 This specification shall govern where it is more stringent (size or thickness of framing and size and spacing of fasteners) than the fire-rated construction.  
1.3 Where sound control is required for a gypsum panel product assembly, the details of construction shall be in accordance with the acoustical test report of an assembly that has met the required acoustical value(s).  
1.3.1 This specification shall govern where it is more stringent (size or thickness of framing and size and spacing of fasteners) than the sound-rated construction.  
1.4 Where resistance to racking loads or shear is required for a gypsum panel product assembly, the details of construction shall be in accordance with the racking or shear test report of an assembly that has met the required racking or shear value(s).  
1.4.1 This specification shall govern where it is more stringent (size or thickness of framing and size and spacing of fasteners) than the racking or shear-tested construction.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 The text of this standard references notes which provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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