ASTM D4977-98b

Standard Test Method for Granule Adhesion to Mineral Surfaced Roofing by Abrasion

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of granule adhesion to mineral surfaced roofing due to abrasion.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are regarded as standard. The SI units in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-1998
• ICS: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
• Technical Committee: D08 - Roofing and Waterproofing
• Drafting Committee: D08.02 - Steep Roofing Products and Assemblies

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D4977-03 - Standard Test Method for Granule Adhesion to Mineral Surfaced Roofing by Abrasion
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4977 – 98b
Standard Test Method for
Granule Adhesion to Mineral Surfaced Roofing by Abrasion
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4977; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of granule
adhesion to mineral surfaced roofing due to abrasion.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are regarded as
standard. The SI units in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Summary of Test Method
2.1 A brush with bristles is used to abrade the granule
surface of the specimen on mineral surfaced roofing. The
adhesion is assessed by weighing the amount of granules that
are displaced and become loose as a result of the abrasion test.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is used to determine the quality of
FIG. 1 Granule Adhesion Test Apparatus
adhesion of the granular surfacing to the coating asphalt in a
sample of mineral surfaced roofing. The results determine
4.2 Abrasion Test Brush —A brush with 22 holes contain-
compliance with the applicable specification requirements or
ing bristles made of 0.012-in. (0.305-mm) diameter tempered
for comparative analysis. This test method applies to “as
steel wire, 40 wires per hole, set with epoxy. The design of the
manufactured” material and may not be applicable to material
brush is shown in Fig. 2.
that has had weathering exposure.
4.3 Balance Minimums, 200 g capacity with 0.01 g sensi-
4. Apparatus tivity.
4.1 Granule Adhesion Test Apparatus —A machine de-
5. Test Specimens
signed to cycle a test brush back and forth horizontally across
5.1 Cut a minimum of two 2 by 9-in. (50.8 by 229-mm)
a specimen at a rate of 50 cycles for 60 to 70 s. The brush
specimens with the long dimension in the machine direction.
assembly rests on the specimen with a downward mass of 5 lb
For shingles whose geometry does not allow a continuous 2 by
1 1
6 ⁄4oz (22686 7 g); the stroke length is 6 6 ⁄4 in. (152 6 6
9 in. specimen, two-piece specimens are permitted. The mini-
mm). A typical machine is shown in Fig. 1.
mum machine direction dimension of any given piece is 4 6 ¼
in. (101.6 mm). It is permitted to join the two pieces with
self-stick tape applied to the nongranulated surfaces.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-8 on Roofing,
NOTE 1—The test result shall be discarded if the specimen fails to
Waterproofing, and Bituminous Materials and is the direct responsibility of
remain flat or the two pieces become separated during the 50 complete
Subcommittee D08.02 on Prepared Roofings, Shingles, and Siding Materials.
abrasion cycles.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1998. Published January 1999. Originally
published as D 4977–89. Last previous edition D 4977–98a.
The 3M Granule Embedding Test Machine and Abrasion Test Brushes,
available from 3M, St. Paul, MN, are suitable for this purpose. Use the brush specified by the test machine manufacturer.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version
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