ASTM F68-99
(Specification)Standard Specification for Oxygen-Free Copper in Wrought Forms for Electron Devices
Standard Specification for Oxygen-Free Copper in Wrought Forms for Electron Devices
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for wrought and fabricated shapes made from Copper UNS No. C10100, conforming to the chemical requirements of Specification B170, Grade 1, and suitable for use in electron devices.
1.2 The requirements of this specification are in addition to those prescribed in the following product specifications appropriate to the material being ordered: B1, B2, B75, B75M, B133, B133M, B152, B152M, B170, B187, B272 and B372. In case of conflict, however, this specification shall take precedence.
1.3 The inch-pound units are the standard for this specification except for grain sizes which are in metric units. Metric values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 The following safety hazard caveat applies to sections 17.4, 17.5 and 18.7 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F 68 – 99
Standard Specification for
Oxygen-Free Copper in Wrought Forms for Electron
Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 68; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope * B 152 Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate and
Rolled Bar
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for
B 152M Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate and
wrought and fabricated shapes made from Copper UNS No.
Rolled Bar (Metric)
C10100, conforming to the chemical requirements of Specifi-
B 170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—
cation B 170, Grade 1, and suitable for use in electron devices.
Refinery Shapes
1.2 The requirements of this specification are in addition to
B 187 Specification for Copper Bar, Bus Bar, Rod and
those prescribed in the following product specifications appro-
Shapes
priate to the material being ordered: B 1, B 2, B 75, B 75M,
B 187M Specification for Copper Bar, Bus Bar, Rod and
B 152, B 152M, B 170, B 187, B 187M, B 272, and B 372. In
Shapes (Metric)
case of conflict, however, this specification shall take prece-
B 188 Specification for Seamless Copper Bus Pipe and
dence.
Tube
1.3 The inch-pound units are the standard for this specifi-
B 193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor
cation except for grain sizes which are in metric units. Metric
Materials
values given in parentheses are for information only.
B 248 Specification for General Requirements for Wrought
1.4 The following safety hazard caveat applies to sections
Copper and Copper-Alloy Plate, Sheet, Strip and Rolled
17.4, 17.5 and 18.7 of this specification: This standard does not
Bar
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
B 248M Specification for General Requirements for
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
Wrought Copper and Copper-Alloy Plate, Sheet, Strip and
to establish appropriate safety and health practices and
Rolled Bar (Metric)
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
B 249 Specification for General Requirements for Wrought
use.
Copper and Copper-Alloy Rod, Bar, Shapes, and Forgings
2. Referenced Documents
B 249M Specification for General Requirements for
Wrought Copper and Copper-Alloy Rod, Bar, Shapes, and
2.1 The following documents in the current issue of the
Forgings (Metric)
Annual Book of ASTM Standards form a part of this specifi-
B 250 Specification for General Requirements for Wrought
cation to the extent referenced herein:
Copper-Alloy Wire
2.2 ASTM Standards:
B 250M Specification for General Requirements for
B 1 Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
Wrought Copper Alloy Wire (Metric)
B 2 Specification for Medium-Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
B 272 Specification for Copper Flat Products with Finished
B 3 Specification for Soft or Annealed Copper Wire
(Rolled or Drawn) Edges (Flat Wire and Strip)
B 75 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube
B 372 Specification for Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy
B 75M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube (Metric)
Rectangular Waveguide Tube
B 577 Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide Hy-
drogen Embrittlement Susceptibility in Copper
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-5 on Copper
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.02 on Rod,
Bar, Wire, Shapes, and Forgings. Determine Conformance with Specifications
Current edition approved April 10, 1999. Published July 1999. Originally
E 112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Sizes
published as F 68 – 66 T. Last previous edition F 68 – 93.
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
The UNS System for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E 527) is a simple
expansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the addition
of a prefix “C” and a suffix “00”. The suffix can be used to accommodate
composition variations of the base alloy. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
3 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.03. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
4 7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F68
3. Terminology 7. Temper
3.1 For definitions of terms related to this product, refer to 7.1 The temper of the wrought or fabricated product sup-
the terminology sections of Specifications B 248, B 249, plied shall conform to the requirements of the basic product
B 250, or B 251. specification to which it was ordered.
3.2 Definition of Terms Specific to This Standard:
8. Physical Properties
3.2.1 extrusion pipe, n—a lamination resulting from the
flow of the oxide surface of a billet into the article being
8.1 Electrical Resistivity:
extruded and usually confined to the trailing-end portion of the
8.1.1 The maximum mass resistivity shall be 0.15176 ohms
extruded product.
g/m (conductivity 101.0 % minimum, International Annealed
3.2.2 oxygen-free, adj—electrolytic copper produced sub-
Copper Standard {IACS} at 20°C when tested in the annealed
stantially free of cuprous oxide and containing no more than 10
condition.
ppm oxygen, as determined by metallographic examination at
8.2 Scaling:
753 under polarized light, and manufactured without the use
8.2.1 The test specimens of oxygen-free copper shall show
of metallic or metalloidal deoxidizers.
substantial surface oxide adherence when subjected to test as
3.2.3 oxygen-free, grade 1, adj—as defined in 3.2.2 except
described in 15.3.
that the oxygen content must be 5 ppm maximum. This copper
NOTE 1—The purpose of this test is to distinguish between oxygen free
is also commonly termed “oxygen-free electronic.”
and deoxidized copper. Deoxidized copper will not retain the surface
3.2.4 rms, n—root-mean-square, a statistical measure of
oxide in this test.
surface roughness usually determined by means of a profilo-
meter. 9. Mechanical Properties
9.1 All products shall conform to the mechanical property
4. Ordering Information
requirements of the basic product specification to which the
4.1 Orders for the product shall include the following
item was ordered, with the following exception:
information:
9.1.1 Sheet and strip with a thickness of 0.125 in. or less and
4.1.1 The designation and year of issue of both Specifica-
intended for gaskets or for deep drawing shall conform to the
tion F 68 and the basic product specification involved,
requirements prescribed in Table 1.
4.1.2 Shape of product,
4.1.3 Size,
10. Hydrogen Embrittlement (Reverse Bend Test
4.1.4 Total estimated weight or number of pieces, or both,
Method)
for each size and shape,
10.1 Specimens shall withstand a minimum of ten reverse
4.1.5 The Specification F 68 Class of material,
bends without breaking. Evidence of blisters, upon visual
4.1.6 Intended application (for example, wave guide),
examination, shall be cause for rejection.
4.1.7 Temper,
NOTE 2—Fractured areas of the bent samples should show some
4.1.8 Heat identification or traceability details,
reduction in area and have a distorted, smeared surface. The ideal break
4.1.9 Certification,
will have the appearance of a cup and cone tensile failure.
4.2 The following options are available:
4.2.1 Mill test report,
11. General Examination
4.2.2 Special packaging,
11.1 When examined the samples shall have:
4.2.3 Special marking.
11.1.1 A relatively uniform surface free of irregular rough
5. Materials and Manufacture
spots sometimes termed open grains,
11.1.2 Edges free of seams, laps and cracks,
5.1 Material:
11.1.3 Cross sections free of breaks, inclusions or extrusion
5.1.1 The material shall be oxygen-free electronic copper
pipe.
which conforms to the requirements of Specification B 170,
Grade 1.
12. Special Examinations
5.2 Manufacture:
5.2.1 The manufacturing process shall conform to the re- 12.1 Special Macro Examination:
12.1.1 The samples shall show no subsurface defects in
quirements of this specification and to the basic product
specification to which the product was ordered. excess of the following limits:
12.1.1.1 Tubular Products:
6. Chemical Composition
(a) Tubes for Exhaust (Pinch-off) Purposes:
6.1 The cast refinery shape shall conform to the require-
ments specified in Specification B 170, Grade 1, Table 1.
TABLE 1 Grain Size
6.1.1 Copper shall be taken as the difference between the
Average Grain
sum of results for Grade 1 specified elements and 100 %.
Hardness
Thickness Size,
A
6.2 These composition limits do not preclude the possible HRF max
max, mm
presence of other unnamed elements. Limits may be estab-
Less than 0.040 in. (1.0 mm) 0.035 75
0.040 to 0.125 in. (1.0 to 3.2 mm) 0.050 75
lished and analysis required for unnamed elements by agree-
A
ment between the manufacturer and the purchaser. For information only.
F68
(a.1) For wall thickness over 0.1 in. (2.5 mm), no defects on (d.2) Rod and Wire 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) and Over in
the external surface deeper than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm). Diameter—Microporosity permissible to depths of 0.06 in.
(1.5 mm) or 5 % of the diameter or thickness, whichever is the
(a.2) For wall thicknesses up to 0.1 (2.5 mm) inclusive, no
smaller.
defects on the external surface deeper than 5 % of the wall
12.2.1.3 Product whose samples have an appearance corre-
thickness.
sponding to Class 3, 4 or 5 and not in conformance with
(a.3) No significant defects on the inside surface when
12.2.1.2, shall be acceptable only by agreement between the
examined with fiber optics or a boroscope.
manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser.
(b) Waveguides—No defects on the external surface deeper
than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 5 % of the wall thickness,
13. Dimensions, Mass and Permissible Variations
whichever is smaller. No significant defects on the inside
13.1 The dimensional tolerances for the product described
surface when examined with fiber optics or a boroscope.
by this specification shall be as prescribed in the basic product
(c) Tube for Other Applications—No defects on either the
specification to which it was ordered.
internal or external surfaces deeper than 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) or
14. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
5 % of the wall thickness, whichever is the smaller.
12.1.1.2 Bar and Plate Products—No defects deeper than
14.1 The product shall be prepared and handled in such a
0.06 in. (1.6 mm) or 5 % of the thickness, whichever is the manner as to be substantially free from surface oxide and the
smaller.
presence of foreign material such as metal chips, dirt and
grease.
12.1.1.3 Sheet, Strip and Flat Wire Products—No defects
deeper than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 5 % of the thickness,
15. Sampling
whichever is smaller.
15.1 The sampling practice shall be as prescribed in the
12.1.1.4 Rod and Wire Products:
basic product specification to which it was ordered.
(a) Rod and Wire less than 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) in Diameter:
15.1.1 The number of sample pieces to be selected, how-
(a.1) No defects deeper than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 5 % of
ever, shall be twice the number prescribed in the basic product
the diameter, whichever is smaller.
specification.
(b) Rod and Wire 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) and Over in Diameter:
16. Number of Tests and Retests
(b.1) No defects deeper than 0.06 in. (1.6 mm) or 5 % of the
16.1 Tests:
diameter, whichever is smaller.
16.1.1 The number of samples submitted to all tests shall be
12.2 Special Microscopical Examination:
twice that required by the basic product specification to which
12.2.1 Samples shall be classified by comparison to Plate 1
the product was ordered.
which is available from ASTM Headquarters. Request Adjunct
16.2 Retests:
No. 12-600680-00.
16.2.1 Retests are permitted as stated in the basic product
12.2.1.1 Product whose samples have an appearance in
specification to which the product was ordered for tests
conforming to either Class 1 or Class 2 shall be considered
associated with the basic product specification.
acceptable.
16.2.2 Retests shall be permitted for tests and examinations
12.2.1.2 Subsurface microporosity similar to those typical
required by this specification.
of Class 3, 4 or 5 as illustrated in Plate 1, are permissible in
16.2.3 Products which fail in retest shall be rejected.
Class 1 and 2 material provided the microporosity does not
appear below the metal surface at depths exceeding the 17. Specimen Preparation
following:
17.1 Chemical Composition:
(a) Tubular Products: 17.1.1 Analytical sample preparation shall be as directed in
the basic product specification to which the product was
(a.1) Tubes for Exhaust Purposes and Waveguides—No
ordered.
indications at any depth below the surface.
17.2 Electrical Resistivity:
(a.2) Tubes for Other Applications—Microporosity permis-
17.2.1 Specimen preparation shall be as directed in the basic
sible to depths of 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) or 5 % of the tube wall,
product specification to which the product was ordered.
whichever is smaller.
17.3 Grain Size:
(b) Bar and Plate—Microporosity permissible to depths of
17.3.1 Specimen preparation shall be as directed in the basic
0.06 in. (1.5 mm) or 5 % of the thickness, whichever is smaller.
product specification to which the product was ordered.
(c) Sheet, Strip and Flat Wire—Microporosity permissible
17.4 General and Special Macro Examination:
to depths of 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) or 5 % of the thickness,
17.4.1 Transverse sections of the samples shall be machined
whichever is smaller.
to a 63 rms or smoother surface finish and degreased.
(d) Rod and Wire Products:
17.4.1.1 In a properly ventilated fume hood, etch the
(d.1) Rod and Wire less than 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) in samples for 3 to 5 min by lowering the samples into a freshly
Diameter—Microporosity permissible to depths of 0.010 in. prepared etching solution and slowly agitate.
(0.25 mm) or 5 % of the diameter or thickness, whichever is 17.4.1.2 Prepare the etching solution by mixing equal parts
smaller. of concentrated reagent grade nitric acid (HNO ) and deionized
F68
or distilled water. Add 5 grams of copper for each liter of the 17.6.3.2 Samples shall be heated to 1560 6 40°F
50 % acid solution and cool the solution to ambient tempera- (850 6 20°C) and held at that temperature for a period of 30
ture prior to use. The solution shall be kept free of dirt and min in an a
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