ASTM D2194-99

Standard Test Method for Concentration of Formaldehyde Solutions

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the formaldehyde content of commercially available formaldehyde solutions ranging in concentration from 36 to 55 weight%.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jun-1999
• ICS: 71.080.80 - Aldehydes and ketones
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.35 - Solvents, Plasticizers, and Chemical Intermediates

Standards Content (Sample)

Designation: D 2194 – 99
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
1
Concentration of Formaldehyde Solutions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2194; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the form-
tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,
aldehyde content of commercially available formaldehyde
3
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
solutions ranging in concentration from 36 to 55 weight %.
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
accuracy of the determination.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
to Type IV of Specification D 1193.
1.3 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s
6.3 Sodium Sulfite Solution (125 g/L)—Dissolve 125 g of
Material Safety Data Sheet.
anhydrous sodium sulfite (Na SO ) in water and dilute to 1 L.
2 3
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—Sodium sulfite gradually oxidizes to sodium sulfate on
2.1 ASTM Standards:
exposure to air and therefore should be kept in a tightly closed container.
2
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water For best results freshly prepared reagent should be used.
6.4 Sulfuric Acid (0.5 N)—Prepare and standardize 0.5 N
3. Summary of Test Method
sulfuric acid (H SO ) against 0.5 N sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
2 4
3.1 The specimen is reacted with an excess of sodium sulfite
solution which has been standardized against potassium acid
solution and the resulting sodium hydroxide is titrated with
phthalate to a thymolphthalein end point.
sulfuric acid using thymolphthalein indicator.
6.5 Thymolphthalein Indicator (0.1 % Alcohol Solution)—
3.2 The sample should be essentially neutral; 0.1 % acidity
Dissolve 1.0 g of thymolphthalein in 100 mL of methanol,
(as formic acid) is equivalent to 0.065 % formaldehyde.
ethanol, or isopropanol and dilute to 1 L with additional
alcohol.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method provides a measurement of formalde-
7. Procedure
hyde content (assay) of formaldehyde solutions. The results of
7.1 Add 100 mL of Na SO solution to a sufficient number
2 3
these measurements can be used for specification acceptance.
of 500-mL Erlenmeyer flasks to make all blank and specimen
determinations in duplicate.
5. Apparatus
7.2 Weigh a 2-g specimen to the nearest 0.1 mg in the
5.1 Buret, calibrated, 100-mL, with a 50 or 75-mL reservoir
weighing vials and transfer the vials to the Erlenmeyer flasks,
on top of a lower portion calibrated in 0.1-mL divisions. A
being careful to avoid getting any of the sample on the sides of
TFE-fluorocarbon resin stopcock is suitable for this purpose.
the flasks.
5.2 Erlenmeyer Flask, 500-mL capacity.
7.3 Add 3 to 5 drops of the thymolphthalein indicator
5.3 Vials, specimen, short, style, 1 to 1|
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