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ASTM D5372-17

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Heat Transfer Fluids

Standard Guide for Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Heat Transfer Fluids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The significance of each test method will depend upon the system in use and the purpose of the test method as listed under Section 5. Use the most recent editions of ASTM test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides information, without specific limits, for selecting standard test methods for testing heat transfer fluids for quality and aging. These test methods are considered particularly useful in characterizing hydrocarbon heat transfer fluids in closed systems.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jul-2017
ICS
27.220 - Heat recovery. Thermal insulation
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.L0.06 - Non-Lubricating Process Fluids
Current Stage
Ref Project

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5372 − 17
Standard Guide for
1
Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Heat Transfer Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5372; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
2
1. Scope* D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
1.1 This guide provides information, without specific limits,
ity)
for selecting standard test methods for testing heat transfer
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
fluids for quality and aging. These test methods are considered
D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of
particularly useful in characterizing hydrocarbon heat transfer
Petroleum Products
fluids in closed systems.
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
by Potentiometric Titration
standard.
D893 Test Method for Insolubles in Used Lubricating Oils
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
information only.
Reduced Pressure
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ucts by Hydrometer Method
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
D1500 Test Method forASTM Color of Petroleum Products
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
(ASTM Color Scale)
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kine-
matic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
2. Referenced Documents
D2717 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Liquids
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2766 Test Method for Specific Heat of Liquids and Solids
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
D2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
troleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
Oils
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
D4530 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue
Open Cup Tester
(Micro Method)
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
D6743 Test Method for Thermal Stability of Organic Heat
Closed Cup Tester
Transfer Fluids
D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of
Bituminous Materials by Distillation
Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
Kinematic Viscosity)
D189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petro-
E659 Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of Chemi-
leum Products
cals
G4 Guide for Conducting Corrosion Tests in Field Applica-
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcom- tions
mittee D02.L0.06 on Non-Lubricating Process Fluids.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2017. Published August 2017. Originally
3. Terminology
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5372 – 04 (2014).
DOI: 10.1520/D5372-17.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2
The background for this standard was developed by a questionnaire circulated
3.1.1 heat transfer fluid—a petroleum oil or related hydro-
by ASTM-ASLE technical division L-VI-2 and reported in Lubrication
Engineering, Vol 32, No. 8, August 1976, pp. 411–416.
carbon material which remains essentially a liquid while
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
transferring heat to or from an apparatus or process. Small
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
percentages of nonhydrocarbon components such as antioxi-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. dants and dispersants can be present.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5372 − 17
4. Significance and Use lower than indicated byTest Method E659.An open flame will
ignite leaking hydrocarbon fluids exposed on a porous surface
4.1 The significance of each test method will d
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5372 − 04 (Reapproved 2014) D5372 − 17
Standard Guide for
1
Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Heat Transfer Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5372; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
2
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This guide provides information, without specific limits, for selecting standard test methods for testing heat transfer fluids
for quality and aging. These test methods are considered particularly useful in characterizing hydrocarbon heat transfer fluids in
closed systems.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating Oils
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D893 Test Method for Insolubles in Used Lubricating Oils
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
D2717 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Liquids
D2766 Test Method for Specific Heat of Liquids and Solids
D2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4530 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method)
D6743 Test Method for Thermal Stability of Organic Heat Transfer Fluids
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.L0.06 on Non-Lubricating Process Fluids.
Current edition approved May 1, 2014Aug. 1, 2017. Published July 2014August 2017. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 as
D5372 – 04 (2009).(2014). DOI: 10.1520/D5372-04R14.10.1520/D5372-17.
2
The background for this standard was developed by a questionnaire circulated by ASTM-ASLE technical division L-VI-2 and reported in Lubrication Engineering, Vol
32, No. 8, August 1976, pp. 411–416.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5372 − 17
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic
Viscosity)
E659 Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of Chemicals
G4 Guide for Conducting Corrosion Tests in Field Applications
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 heat transfer fluid—a petroleum oil or related hydrocarbon material which remains essentially a liquid while tr
...

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ASTM D5372-20(Guide)
Standard Guide for Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Heat Transfer Fluids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The significance of each test method will depend upon the system in use and the purpose of the test method as listed under Section 5. Use the most recent editions of ASTM test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides information, without specific limits, for selecting standard test methods for testing heat transfer fluids for quality and aging. These test methods are considered particularly useful in characterizing hydrocarbon heat transfer fluids in closed systems.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C1289-23a(Specification)
Standard Specification for Faced Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation Board

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the general requirements for faced thermal insulation boards composed of rigid cellular polyisocyanurate surfaced with other materials. This standard is intended to apply to rigid cellular polyurethane-modified polyisocyanurate thermal insulation board products that are commercially acceptable as nonstructural panels useful in building construction. The materials are classified as follows: Types I, II, III, IV, and V. Under Type I are Classes 1 and 2. Under Type II are Classes 1, 2, and 3. Under Type II Class 1 are Grades 1, 2, and 3. Rigid polyisocyanurate thermal insulation boards shall be based upon the reaction of an isocyanate with a polyol, or the reaction of an isocyanate with itself, or both, using a catalyst and blowing agents to form a rigid closed-cell-structured polyisocyanurate foam. The insulation foam core shall be homogeneous and of uniform density. The following test methods shall be performed to conform to the specified requirements: conditioning; thermal resistance; compressive strength; dimensional stability; flexural strength; tensile strength perpendicular to board surface; water absorption; and water vapor transmission.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for faced thermal insulation boards composed of rigid cellular polyisocyanurate surfaced with other materials. The insulation boards are intended for use at temperatures between −40 and 200°F (−40 and 93°C). This specification does not cover cryogenic applications. Consult the manufacturer for specific recommendations and properties in cryogenic conditions. For specific applications, the actual temperature limits shall be agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser.  
1.2 This standard is intended to apply to rigid cellular polyurethane-modified polyisocyanurate thermal insulation board products that are commercially acceptable as non-structural panels useful in building construction. The term polyisocyanurate encompasses the term polyurethane. For engineering and design purposes, users should follow specific product information provided by board manufacturers regarding physical properties, system design considerations and installation recommendations.
Note 1: See Appendix X1 for guidance on determining wind pressure resistance of panels when required for wall sheathing applications.  
1.3 The use of thermal insulation materials covered by this specification is typically regulated by building codes, or other agencies that address fire performance. Where required, the fire performance of the material shall be addressed through standard fire test methods established by the appropriate governing documents.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 2: For conversion to metric units other than those contained in this standard, refer to IEEE/ASTM SI 10.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM C488-16(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of Finishes for Thermal Insulation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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5.2 This test method recognizes that differing geographical locations, environmental conditions, differences between surface temperatures and ambient temperatures, and test durations have extremely varied effects upon the test results.  
5.3 This test method is to be used for comparative qualitative testing.
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1.1 This test method covers out-of-doors exposure testing of finishes that are normally field-applied to thermal insulation and possibly include joints or joint sealants, or both. Such exposure is essential prior to the determination of certain physical properties when the finish is to be exposed to exterior weather conditions. This test method also indicates possible compatibility problems between the joint sealant and the finish as well as the ability of the finish to span a dry joint. This test method is not intended to evaluate mildew resistance, efflorescence, or chemical resistance.  
Note 1: For testing free plastic films, see Practice D1435.  
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1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM C461-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Mastics and Coatings Used With Thermal Insulation

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover procedures for sampling and testing mastics and coatings for use as weather and vapour barrier finishes on thermal insulations and for other accessory use. Take the samples for laboratory examination from the original containers immediately after stirring to a uniform condition. Determine the number of containers sampled as required representing a shipment. Open the original containers and examine them for uniformity of contents. The procedures for determining the stability of coatings under freezing are presented in details. The paper covers the determination of the volume of volatile matter and the coverage per unit of dry film thickness of mastics and coatings. Application of the material to the test panels shall meet the requirements prescribed, or to the thickness and by the method to be followed in practice, such as spray, brush, or trowel. Test the coated panel prepared in accordance with the required method at 15-min intervals to determine the time required to set-to-touch, and at 30-min intervals to determine the time to reach practical hardness.
SCOPE
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1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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Section  
Sampling  
4  
Uniformity and Storage Stability  
5  
Stability Under Freezing  
6  
Density and Weight per Gallon  
7  
Consistency  
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Solids Content  
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Content of Volume Solids and Coverage of Mastics and Coatings  
10  
Sag Resistance (Build)  
11  
Drying Time  
12  
Flash Point  
13  
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ASTM C795-08(2023)(Specification)
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers non-metallic thermal insulation for use in contact with austenitic stainless steel piping and equipment. The material shall conform to the established requirements of the basic material specification. The physical and chemical requirements shall conform to the requirements of the basic material specification. Preproduction corrosion test and chemical analysis shall be performed to conform to the specified requirements.
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ABSTRACT
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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1.1 This specification covers the composition and physical properties of mineral-fiber blanket insulation used to thermally or acoustically insulate ceilings, floors, and walls in light frame construction and manufactured housing. The requirements cover fibrous blankets and facings. Values for water-vapor permeance of facings are suggested for information that will be helpful to designers and installers.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM C686-17(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Parting Strength of Mineral Fiber Batt- and Blanket-Type Insulation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Tensile strength is a fundamental property associated with mineral fiber manufacture since it is influenced by the type of fiber, the deposition of fiber, the type and the amount of bonding agent, and the method of curing the resin to form a bonded insulation product. The test is an indication of product integrity and the ability of the product to be successfully handled and applied in the field.
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ASTM C1134-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Water Retention of Rigid Thermal Insulations Following Partial Immersion

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Materials less than or equal to 15 mm (0.59 in.) in thickness shall not be tested in accordance with this test method in order to avoid complete immersion of the specimens. This type of exposure is beyond the scope of this test method.  
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4.3 Materials shall be tested at both actual product thickness and 25.4 mm (1.00 in.) thickness provided the materials can be cut to a thickness of 25.4 mm (1.00 in.) without changing the original character of the materials. If a product cannot be cut without changing the original character of the material, the corresponding information shall be provided in the test report. Results shall be reported on the basis of equal nominal wetted specimen surface area (in units of kilograms per square meter) for materials tested at actual product thickness and on the basis of equal specimen volume (in units of percent by volume) for materials tested at 25.4 mm (1.00 in.) thickness. If a product cannot be cut to a thickness of 25.4 mm (1.00 in.) or if the actual product thickness is less than 25.4 mm (1.00 in.) but greater than 15 mm (0.59 in.), the product shall only be tested at actual product thickness and results only reported on the basis of equal nominal wetted specimen surface area.  
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1.3 Each partial immersion interval is followed by a brief free-drainage period. This test method does not address or attempt to quantify the drainage characteristics of materials. Therefore, results for materials with different internal structure and porosity, such as cellular materials and fibrous materials, are not necessarily directly comparable. Also, test results for specimens of different thickness are not necessarily directly comparable because of porosity effects. The surface characteristics of a material also affect drainage. It is possible that specimens with rough surfaces will retain more surface water than specimens with smooth surfaces, and that surface treatment during specimen preparation will affect water intake and retention. Therefore, it is not advisable to directly compare results for materials with different surface characteristics.  
1.4 For most materials the size of the test specimens is small compared with the size of the products actually inst...

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ASTM C667-17(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Prefabricated Reflective Insulation Systems for Equipment and Pipe Operating at Temperatures above Ambient Air

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for all metal prefabricated, reflective insulation systems for equipment and piping operating at temperatures above ambient in air proposed for use in nuclear power-generating plants and industrial plants. The insulation unit is a rigid, self-contained, prefabricated metal construction made of an inner and outer casing arranged to form a rigid assembly with separated air spaces between the inner and outer casing and the individual reflective liners. The reflective insulation described herein is limited to systems of insulating units, designed to fit the equipment or piping to be insulated. The units shall be manufactured from metals that are in accordance with the thermal, physical, and chemical requirements not only of the insulation as unit, but also as an assembly of units forming the insulation system.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for all metal prefabricated, reflective insulation systems for equipment and piping operating in air at temperatures above ambient. Typical applications are in nuclear power-generating plants and industrial plants.  
1.2 Reflective insulation is thermal insulation that reduces radiant heat transfer across spaces by the use of surfaces of high reflectance and low emittance.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C585-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this practice is to ensure satisfactory fit on standard sizes, to accommodate radial expansion of pipes and tubes which are heated after being insulated, and to minimize the number of insulation sizes and thicknesses to be manufactured and stocked.  
4.2 While it is possible to manufacturer insulation to these recommended dimensions, exercise care in attempting to nest layers of different materials, or layers supplied by different manufacturers. Individual manufacturing processes will operate at slightly different tolerances. While the product will fit the pipe, it is possible that it will not readily nest as the outer layer between the different materials, or with a different manufacturer, and possibly the same manufacturer. Exercise care to determine these differences before specifying or ordering nesting sizes.  
4.3 The wide range of outer diameter dimensional tolerances will prevent many pipe and tube insulations from nesting for staggered joints or double layered applications, or both unless specified when ordered from the manufacturer, distributor, or fabricator.  
4.4 Dimensions in accordance with this practice do not necessarily permit application of one thickness of pipe insulation over another (Nesting or Simplified Dimensional System) to obtain total thicknesses greater than those manufactured as single layer, or for multilayer application when desired.  
FIG. 3 Hinged Section Measurement Location
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended as a dimensional standard for preformed thermal insulation for pipes and tubing.  
1.2 This practice covers insulation supplied in cylindrical sections and lists recommended single layer inner and outer diameters of insulation having nominal wall thicknesses from 1/2 to 5 in. (13 to 127 mm) to fit over standard sizes of pipe and tubing.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in SI units are provided for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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