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ASTM D7870/D7870M-20

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure

Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides an accelerated conditioning method under cyclic loading. This system is capable of operating at higher than normal temperatures and creating pore pressure within a compacted asphalt mixture to achieve an acceleration of the effects that a mixture would experience over time from traffic at normal temperatures and conditions. The accelerated conditioning in this practice is intended to simulate the stresses induced in a wet pavement by a passing vehicle tire. The pulse shape produced by this system approximates a Lorentzian function with a half peak width of approximately 1 s at 276 kPa [40 psi].  
4.2 The factors that influence the potential for moisture damage to occur include aggregate mineralogy, mixture air voids, water, cyclic applied stress, and elevated temperature. This practice provides a method and apparatus that is capable of producing three of these factors: water, stress, and high temperature. Aggregate mineralogy and air voids are mixture properties.  
4.3 Specimens conditioned by this system can be tested using a variety of different tests, including Test Method D6931, Test Method D6927, bulk specific gravity difference obtained by Test Method D6926 or D6752/D6752M for before and after conditioning, dynamic modulus, flow number, AASHTO T 378, and visual inspection for stripped aggregates.
Note 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptance guideline provides a means of evaluating ...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice includes procedures for preparing compacted asphalt mixture specimens, exposing the specimens to hydrostatic pore pressure inside an enclosed chamber, and guidance on testing the specimens for the effect of water on the tensile strength or change in other properties of the asphalt mixture, such as density, modulus, etc.  
1.2 Specimens conditioned according to this practice can be tested using methods and test procedures referenced in this document, and those results may provide information as to the effect of the moisture conditioning of this practice on the moisture sensitivity of those mixtures.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Apr-2020
ICS
75.140 - Waxes, bituminous materials and other petroleum products
Technical Committee
D04 - Road and Paving Materials
Drafting Committee
D04.22 - Effect of Water and Other Elements on Asphalt Coated Aggregates
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D7870/D7870M-20 - Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore PressureASTM D7870/D7870M-20 - Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure
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REDLINE ASTM D7870/D7870M-20 - Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore PressureREDLINE ASTM D7870/D7870M-20 - Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7870/D7870M − 20
Standard Practice for
Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture
1
Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7870/D7870M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This practice includes procedures for preparing com-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
pacted asphalt mixture specimens, exposing the specimens to
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
hydrostatic pore pressure inside an enclosed chamber, and
ments
guidance on testing the specimens for the effect of water on the
D979/D979M Practice for Sampling Bituminous Paving
tensile strength or change in other properties of the asphalt
Mixtures
mixture, such as density, modulus, etc.
D1561/D1561M Practice for Preparation of Bituminous
MixtureTest Specimens by Means of California Kneading
1.2 Specimens conditioned according to this practice can be
Compactor
tested using methods and test procedures referenced in this
D2726/D2726M Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and
document, and those results may provide information as to the
Density of Non-Absorptive Compacted Asphalt Mixtures
effect of the moisture conditioning of this practice on the
D3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Ma-
moisture sensitivity of those mixtures.
terials
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
D4013 Practice for Preparation of Test Specimens of Bitu-
as requirements of the standard.
minous Mixtures by Means of Gyratory Shear Compactor
3
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
(Withdrawn 2013)
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
D4867/D4867M Test Method for Effect of Moisture on
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
Asphalt Concrete Paving Mixtures
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
D5361/D5361M Practice for Sampling Compacted Asphalt
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
Mixtures for Laboratory Testing
with the standard.
D6752/D6752M Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and
Density of CompactedAsphalt Mixtures UsingAutomatic
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Vacuum Sealing Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D6925 Test Method for Preparation and Determination of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- the Relative Density ofAsphalt Mix Specimens by Means
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor
D6926 Practice for Preparation of Asphalt Mixture Speci-
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
mens Using Marshall Apparatus
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D6927 Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- Asphalt Mixtures
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical D6931 Test Method for Indirect Tensile (IDT) Strength of
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. Asphalt Mixtures
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.22 on Effect contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
of Water and Other Elements on Asphalt Coated Aggregates. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published May 2020. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7870/D7870M – 13. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D7870_D7870M-20. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7870/D7870M − 20
4
2.2 AASHTO Standard: 5.3 System (similar to Fig. 1) having a specimen
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7870/D7870M − 13 D7870/D7870M − 20
Standard Practice for
Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture
1
Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7870/D7870M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice includes procedures for preparing compacted asphalt mixture specimens, exposing the specimens to
hydrostatic pore pressure inside an enclosed chamber, and guidance on testing the specimens for the effect of water on the tensile
strength or change in other properties of the asphalt mixture, such as density, modulus, etc.
1.2 Specimens conditioned according to this practice can be tested using methods and test procedures referenced in this
document, and those results may provide information as to the effect of the moisture conditioning of this practice on the moisture
sensitivity of those mixtures.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system aremay not necessarilybe exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other, andother. Combining values from the two systems shall not be combined.may result in nonconformance
with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
D979D979/D979M Practice for Sampling Bituminous Paving Mixtures
D1561D1561/D1561M Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture Test Specimens by Means of California Kneading
Compactor
D2726D2726/D2726M Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Non-Absorptive Compacted Asphalt Mixtures
D3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Materials
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
D4013 Practice for Preparation of Test Specimens of Bituminous Mixtures by Means of Gyratory Shear Compactor (Withdrawn
3
2013)
D4867D4867/D4867M Test Method for Effect of Moisture on Asphalt Concrete Paving Mixtures
D5361D5361/D5361M Practice for Sampling Compacted Asphalt Mixtures for Laboratory Testing
D6752D6752/D6752M Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Compacted Asphalt Mixtures Using Automatic
Vacuum Sealing Method
1
This test method practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.22 on
Effect of Water and Other Elements on BituminousAsphalt Coated Aggregates.
Current edition approved June 1, 2013May 1, 2020. Published June 2013May 2020. Originally approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as
D7870/D7870M – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D7870_D7870M-1310.1520/D7870_D7870M-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7870/D7870M − 20
D6925 Test Method for Preparation and Determination of the Relative Density of Asphalt Mix Specimens by Means of the
Superpave Gy
...

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4.1 Samples obtained in accordance with the procedure given in this practice may be used to measure many different properties of a compacted asphalt pavement including, but not limited to: pavement thickness, density, resilient or dynamic modulus, tensile strength, Marshall or Hveem stability, or for extraction testing, to determine asphalt content, asphalt properties, and mix gradation.
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1.1 This practice describes a procedure for removal of a sample of compacted asphalt mixture from a pavement for laboratory testing.  
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5.1 The complex shear modulus of asphalt mixtures is a fundamental property of the material. Test results at critical temperatures (Tcritical) are used for specifications for some mixes. Mixtures with stiffer binders, aged mixes, mixtures with higher amounts of fines (material finer than 75 µ), and mixtures with lower voids all tend to have higher complex shear modulus values than mixtures with less stiff binders, unaged mixes, mixtures with low levels of fines, and higher air voids. In general, mixtures with higher complex shear modulus values at a given service temperature will exhibit lower permanent deformation values than similar mixtures tested at the same temperature that have lower complex shear modulus values.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the complex shear modulus of asphalt mixtures using torsion rectangular geometry on a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). It is applicable to asphalt mixtures having complex shear modulus values greater than 1 × 104 Pa when tested over a range of temperatures from –40 °C to 76 °C at frequencies of 0.01 to 25 Hz and strains of 0.0005 % to 0.1 %. The determination of complex shear modulus is typically determined at 20 °C to 70 °C at 0.01 % strain at ten discrete frequency values covering 0.01 to 10 Hz. From these data, temperature or frequency master curves can be generated as required. This test method is intended for determining the complex shear modulus of asphalt mixtures as required for specification testing or quality control of asphalt mixture production.  
1.2 This test method is appropriate for laboratory-prepared and compacted mixtures, field-produced and laboratory-compacted mixtures or field cores, regardless of binder type or grade and regardless of whether RAP is used in the mixture. Due to the geometry of the specimens being tested this test method is not applicable to open-graded or SMA mixtures. It has been found to be appropriate for dense-graded mixtures, whether coarse- or fine-graded, with 19 mm or smaller nominal maximum aggregate size.  
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3.1 This test method is used for determining the amount of a temperature-specific volatile distillate fraction in cold mix asphalt mixtures.
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1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/index.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury-containing products in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
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5.1 This method indicates approximate change in properties of asphalt during conventional hot-mixing at about 150 °C [302 °F] as indicated by viscosity, penetration, or ductility measurements. It yields a residue which approximates the asphalt condition as incorporated in the pavement. If the mixing temperature differs appreciably from the 150 °C [302 °F] level, more or less effect on properties will occur.
Note 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the effects of heat and air on a film of semisolid asphaltic materials. The effects of this treatment are determined from measurements of selected asphalt properties before and after the test.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/index.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury-containing products into your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7173-20(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining the Separation Tendency of Polymer from Polymer-Modified Asphalt

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Purchasers of polymer-modified asphalt need guidelines on proper storage and handling procedures to maintain the integrity of material they have purchased. This practice provides a significant tool for understanding the characteristics of these materials as well as comparing various sources of supply.
Note 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a laboratory procedure for determining the tendency of polymer to separate from polymer-modified asphalt under static heated storage conditions. The results of testing on material prepared according to this practice may be used as a guideline when formulating products or to establish field handling procedures. Large differences in test results between top and bottom specimens indicate that there is a degree of incompatibility between the polymer and the base asphalt.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5/D5M-20(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The penetration test is used as a measure of consistency. Higher values of penetration indicate softer consistency.
Note 2: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the penetration of semi-solid and solid bituminous materials.  
1.2 The needles, containers, and other conditions described in this test method provide for the determinations of penetrations up to 500.
Note 1: See the section on Penetration of Test Methods D244 for information and precision and bias on testing emulsion residue.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5869/D5869M-07a(2023)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Dark Oven Heat Exposure of Roofing and Waterproofing Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Roofing and waterproofing materials and systems undergo changes in physical properties as a result of being subjected to heat. They also undergo changes in physical properties as they age in service. Since service conditions vary widely, any relationship between changes observed in this practice and changes in service must be established by the user of this practice.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes a procedure and conditions of temperature and time for heat exposure of roofing and waterproofing materials and systems in the presence of air.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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