ASTM E653-91(2009)

Standard Test Method for Effectiveness of Aerosol and Pressurized Space Spray Insecticides Against Flying Insects (Withdrawn 2018)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a satisfactory means of determining the relative efficacy of aerosol and pressurized space spray insecticide formulations against house flies (Musca domestica, L) strains.
Test data obtained by this test method may also be adequate to support label claims for the use of the product against mosquitoes, gnats, flying moths, wasps, and certain other small flying insects. This test method is not designed to measure the residual activity.
As a biological test, it is subject to the variations that accompany the reaction of living organisms. It should be employed under the supervision of personnel familiar with the biological testing of insecticides.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the effectiveness of aerosol and pressurized space-spray insecticides against house flies (Musca domestica L) and, with modifications in dosage, other flying insects.
1.2 The test may be conducted using approximately 100 house flies per test (small group) or 500 flies per test (large group).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method determines the effectiveness of aerosol and pressurized space-spray insecticides against house flies (Musca domestica L) and, with modifications in dosage, other flying insects.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee E35 on Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents, this test method was withdrawn in January 2018 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2009
• Withdrawal Date: 18-Jan-2018
• ICS: 71.100.99 - Other products of the chemical industry
• Technical Committee: E35 - Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E653-91(2003) - Standard Test Method for Effectiveness of Aerosol and Pressurized Space Spray Insecticides Against Flying Insects
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E653 − 91 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Effectiveness of Aerosol and Pressurized Space Spray
Insecticides Against Flying Insects
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E653; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope effective than the selected reference standards when tested
against house flies at the same dosage or less.
1.1 This test method determines the effectiveness of aerosol
3.1.2 fly culture—all adults resulting from the seeding of
and pressurized space-spray insecticides against house flies
eggs collected at one time on a given date.
(Musca domestica L) and, with modifications in dosage, other
flying insects.
3.1.3 knocked-down flies—all adult test flies incapable of
coordinated movement (moribund).
1.2 The test may be conducted using approximately 100
house flies per test (small group) or 500 flies per test (large
3.1.4 pressurized sprays—theseproductsdelivermistsprays
group).
intermediate between aerosols and sprays intended to deposit
an insecticidal residue. They produce sprays in which less than
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
80 % of the particles have an arithmetic mean diameter of 30
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
µm and many are 50 µm to 100 µm in mean diameter.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Pressurized sprays shall be no less effective than the selected
and are not considered standard.
reference standards when tested against house flies at no more
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
than twice the dosage specified for the selected reference
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
standard.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Summary of Test Method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 If the small-group method is used, ten tests are run on
the Official Test Aerosol (using the selected reference stan-
2. Referenced Documents
dard) and on each of the specimens in parallel.The specimens
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of a series shall be randomized in the order of testing.
E652 Test Method for Nonresidual Liquid Household Insec-
4.2 If the large-group method is used, the test is conducted
ticides Against Flying Insects
as in 4.1, with the exception that five, rather than ten tests are
required.
3. Terminology
4.3 The average percentage mortality of the test insecticide
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
compared with that of the selected reference standard is the
3.1.1 aerosols—for this test method, the spray from aerosol
basisforassigningeitherGradeA(aerosolorpressurizedspace
dispensers should be in finely divided form in which 80 % or
spray) or Grade B (pressurized space spray) rating to the test
more of the individual spray particles have an arithmetic mean
specimen.
diameter of 30 µm or less, and none of the spray particles have
a diameter of more than 50 µm. Aerosols shall be no less
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method provides a satisfactory means of
determining the relative efficacy of aerosol and pressurized
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on
spacesprayinsecticideformulationsagainsthouseflies(Musca
Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee E35.12 on Insect Control Agents. It was originally domestica, L) strains.
developed by the Chemical Specialties Manufacturers Association (CSMA).
5.2 Test data obtained by this test method may also be
Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally
adequate to support label claims for the use of the product
approvedin1978.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2003asE653 – 91(2003).DOI:
10.1520/E0653-91R09.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM The Official Test Aerosol (Selected Reference Standard) has been found
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on suitable for this test and is available from CSMA, 1913 Eye Street N.W.,
the ASTM website. Washington, DC 20006.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E653 − 91 (2009)
against mosquitoes, gnats, flying moths, wasps, and certain (203 mm) from the ceiling and 10 in. (254 mm) from a corner
other small flying insects. This test method is not designed to of the Peet-Grady chamber.
measure the residual activity.
6.7 Exhaust Fan—An exhaust fan, capable of moving air
5.3 As a biological test, it is subject to the variations that through the test chamber at not less than 1000 ft /min (0.5
accompany the reaction of living organisms. It should be m /s), shall be used to ventilate the chamber after each test. It
employed under the supervision of personnel familiar with the shall be arranged with adequate piping to exhaust the chamber
biological testing of insecticides. vapors in a safe manner.
6.8 Paper—Unsized, nonglazed, absorbent paper (such as
6. Apparatus
brown kraft or gray bogus) shall be used to cover the test
6.1 Reference Standard —The reference standard shall be chamber floor. Two overlapping sheets of 36 to 40 in. (0.9 to
one of the current selected reference standards from the 1.0 m) in width or one sheet of 6 ft (1.8 m) in width may be
container in which it is supplied. The selected reference employed. No special weight is specified, but 60 to 80-lb (27
standards are (a) OTA-II to be used for oil-based aerosol to 36-kg) gray bogus has been found to be satisfactory.
products, or (b) TOAPS to be used for water-based aerosol
6.9 Apparatus for Collecting Treated Flies—Any conve-
products. When reporting results, the selected reference stan-
nient means of picking up the paralyzed flies without injuring
dard should be identified by its date.
or appreciably disturbing them may be used. If a vacuum
6.2 Test Specimen Dispenser—No restriction is placed on device is used, it must produce gentle suction, have a suffi-
the test specimen dispenser. However, it should be noted that ciently large receptacle to prevent crowding the flies, and be
the test results apply only to the test specimen as dispensed cleaned after each test.
from the particular unit employed.
6.10 Adult Fly Food—Dissolve 5 % of spray-dried (or
6.3 Fly Cages —Cages of any convenient type may be used instant) nonfat dry milk solids and 2 % granulated sugar in
3 3
if they provide at least 1 in. (16 cm ) of space per fly and have water. A40 % formalin solution may be added at the rate of
at least two sides and the top screened. The cages should be 1 + 1500 to delay spoiling.
constructed of metal or other suitable material, and fitted with
6.11 Shallow Containers—Containers shall not be more
asleeveopening,rubbermembrane,ordoor.Adetachablefloor
than 0.75 in. (19 mm) high, to hold 5 % sugar solution as food
is preferable to facilitate cleaning and the insertion of a paper
for paralyzed flies. A gauze-wrapped ball of cotton saturated
floor covering.
with sugar solution is also satisfactory.
6.4 Rearing Room—A room of any convenient size, free of
6.12 Larval Medium Containers, cylindrical glass battery
strong drafts, and maintained at 80 6 2°F (27 6 1°C), with a
jars, approximately 6 in. (152 mm) in diameter and 9 in. (229
relative humidity of 50 6 5 %. The rearing room should be
mm) high, or other suitable containers.
separate from the testing room and ventilated to minimize
6.13 Larval Medium—For each container, mix 340 g of
odors and gases from fermenting media.
CSMA Standard Fly Larval Medium with approximately 750
6.5 Testing Room—A room of any convenient size capable 3
cm of an aqueous suspension containing 15 g of moist cake
of holding the test chamber, with adequate additional space to 3
yeast or5gof active dry yeast and 10 cm of nondiastatic
permit efficient performance of the tests. The room shall be
diamalt. Thoroughly mix this combination until a loose, fluffy
maintained at 80 6 2°F (27 6 1°C), with a relative humidity
consistency is obtained, transfer it to the container without
of 5065%.
packing, cover the container with a cloth or other suitable
6.6 Test Chamber—A standard Peet-Grady chamber meet- cover, and set it in the rearing room.The amount of suspension
ing the general specifications given in Test Method E652.Ifa required for best rearing results will need to be determined in
larger chamber is used, it is recommended that its dimensions each laboratory and may be varied to prevent mold growth. It
approximate a normal size room. is suggested that the medium be prepared in the late afternoon
6.6.1 When a Peet-Grady chamber is used, the actuator of the day before egg collection.
nozzles should be directed so that the spray goes through a
6.14 Calibrated Centrifuge Tube, Pipet, Pit, or Cell, to be
port.
usedforthemeasurementof2000eggs(0.1cm ofsettledeggs
6.6.2 Adjustable fixtures may be used to hold the dispensers
equals approximately 700 eggs).
and distribute the sprays from the same place and angle for
6.15 Air-Separation Apparatus—An air-separation appara-
each test. Since different adjustments may be required for
tus,constructedaccordingtothespecificationsofGoodhueand
various test dispensers, the spray pattern from new dispensers
Linnard, will provide a rapid means of separating pupae from
should be determined prior to testing. Successful use has been
reported with a fixture adjusted to position the dispenser 8 in.
Thesolesourceofsupplyofthemedium(CSMAStandardFlyLarvalMedium)
knowntothecommitteeatthistimeisRalstonPurinaCo.,P.O.Box337,Richmond,
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time IN 47374. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information
is American Biological Supply Co., 1330 Dillon Heights Ave., Baltimore, MD to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consid-
21228. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to eration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider- Goodhue, L. D., and Linnard, C. E., “Air Separation Apparatus for Cleaning
ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend. Fly Pupae,” Journal of Economic Entomology , Vol 43, 1950, p. 228.
E653 − 91 (2009)
the larval-rearing medium. The apparatus employs a suction into a shallow tray, and air-dried at room temperature. An
pipe, blower, and cyclone separator to remove dried vermicu- electric fan may be used to hasten drying.
lite(placedontheflylarvalmediumpriortopupation)fromthe
7.4 Then separate the pupae from the dry mixture, by
heavier pupae.
handling as gently and as little as possible (90 % of the flies
6.16 Vermiculite. must be permitted to emerge). Either of the two following
methods have been found to be satisfactory:
6.17 Shallow Tray.
7.4.1 Sprinkle the dry, pupae-medium mixture on an in-
6.18 Clean Cloths.
clined tray set in front of an air blast from an electric fan to
blow off the dried medium, leaving the heavier pupae on the
6.19 Ethyl Alcohol, Ethyl Alcohol Containing 10 % Ac-
etone, Soap and Water, or Detergent and Water. tray.
7.4.2 Employ an air-separation apparatus (see 6.15). If this
6.20 Oviposition Medium.
method is used, place a 2-in. (51-mm) layer of vermiculite on
6.21 Test Insect—The test insect shall be the adult house fly,
the larval medium 3 or 4 days after seeding. Approximately 6
Musca domestica L, reared from the current official CSMA
or 7 days after seeding, loosen the pupae-vermiculite mixture,
non-resistant house fly strain. Healthy test groups with an
pour it into a shallow tray, dry with the electric fan, and use the
average age of 4 days shall be used and individual flies in the
air-separation apparatus to separate the dry vermiculite from
test groups shall not be less than 3 or more than 6 days old at
the heavier pupae.
the time of testing. The strain shall be of such susceptibility
7.5 Combine all of the pupae maturing on a given day into
that the Official Test Insecticide (OTI) will cause a 24-h
one lot, mix, and measure into test unit groups. Hold each
mortality of 30 to 55 %, with approximately 95 % of the flies
group in a shallow container and place in a cage with at least
paralyzed within 10 min following the spray application in
3 3
1 in. (16 cm ) of space per pupae (see 6.3). If the large-group
accordance with Method E652. At least two cultures of flies
method is used, each test group shall consist of approximately
meeting these specifications shall be used in making an official
500 pupae. If the small-group method is used, more than 500
evaluation.
pupae are placed in stock cages, and adult flies are sampled
prior to testing. Under normal rearing conditions, at least 80
7. Rearing of Test Insects
adult flies should be obtained from each 100 eggs seeded.
7.1 Collect eggs for a period of not longer than 16 h from 3
Daily supply each cage of flies with 15 cm of adult fly food
food dishes or other oviposition media in cages containing
(see 6.10) for each 100 flies, and prepare so as to prevent the
mature flies not more than 8 days old. Fresh oviposition
flies from drowning. Satisfactory food shall be available to the
medium may be placed in the cages in the late afternoon, and
flies at all times until testing.
the eggs collected early the following morning.
7.6 Hold the adult flies until they are about 4 days old (see
7.2 Measure and seed the collected eggs without delay, as
6.21). They will then be ready for testing.
follows:
8. Preparation of Apparatus
7.2.1 Wash the eggs in tap water at room temperature and
measure groups of 2000 as accurately as possible. This may be
8.1 Reference Standards (OTA II and TOAPS) and Test
done by allowing the eggs to settle in a calibrated pipet or
Specimen Dispensers—Prior to use, calibrate the selected
centrifuge tube containing tap water, or the eggs can be filtered
reference standards and test aerosols or pressurized space
and measured in a calibrated pit or cell.
sprays (see 6.2)at80 6 2°F (27 6 1°C) to determine the rate
7.2.2 Use 10 cm of tap water to measure and scatter the
of delivery in grams per second.
eggs in a pit or trench, 0.5 in. (13 mm) deep in the center o
...