ASTM F2262-03
(Specification)Standard Specification for Crosslinked Polyethylene/Aluminum/Crosslinked Polyethylene Tubing OD Controlled SDR9
Standard Specification for Crosslinked Polyethylene/Aluminum/Crosslinked Polyethylene Tubing OD Controlled SDR9
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers establishes requirements for coextruded crosslinked polyethylene multi-layer pressure tubing with a continuously welded aluminum tube construction between inner and outer layers of plastic. The inner and outer crosslinked polyethylene layers are bonded to the aluminum by a melt adhesive. The tubing is outside diameter controlled and made in one standard dimension ratio, SDR9 and is intended to be used for hot and cold water conveyance in applications up to 180F (82.2C). Included in this specification is a system of nomenclature for crosslinked polyethylene-aluminum-crosslinked polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) tubes, and the requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions of component layers and the finished tubing, layer adhesion test, weld strength, short-term burst pressure, long-term sustained pressure and marking requirements. The tubing covered by this specification is intended for use in potable water distribution systems for residential and commercial applications, water service, hydronic radiant heating (HRH), radiant panel heating, baseboard, and snow melt systems.
1.2 This specification covers only plastic-metal-plastic multi-layer tubes incorporating a continuous welded aluminum tube. Tubing consisting of metallic layers not welded together is outside the scope of this specification.
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 Specifications for connectors for use with pipe meeting the requirements of this specification are given in .
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 9, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
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An American National Standard
Designation: F 2262 – 03
Standard Specification for
Crosslinked Polyethylene/Aluminum/Crosslinked
Polyethylene Tubing OD Controlled SDR9
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2262; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers establishes requirements for 2.1 ASTM Standards:
coextruded crosslinked polyethylene multi-layer pressure tub- D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
ing with a continuously welded aluminum tube construction Insulating Materials for Testing
between inner and outer layers of plastic. The inner and outer D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
crosslinkedpolyethylenelayersarebondedtothealuminumby D 1598 Test Method for Time-To-Failure of Plastic Pipe
a melt adhesive. The tubing is outside diameter controlled and Under Constant Internal Pressure
made in one standard dimension ratio, SDR9 and is intended to D 1599 Test Method for Short-Time, Hydraulic Failure
be used for hot and cold water conveyance in applications up Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
to 180°F (82.2°C). Included in this specification is a system of D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
nomenclature for crosslinked polyethylene-aluminum- Plastics
crosslinked polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) tubes, and the re- D 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
quirements and test methods for materials, dimensions of moplastic Pipe and Fittings
component layers and the finished tubing, layer adhesion test, D 2765 Test Methods for Determination of Gel Content and
weld strength, short-term burst pressure, long-term sustained Swell Ratio of Crosslinked Ethylene Plastics
pressure and marking requirements.The tubing covered by this D 3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and
specification is intended for use in potable water distribution Fittings Materials
systems for residential and commercial applications, water F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
service, hydronic radiant heating (HRH), radiant panel heating, 2.2 NSF International Standards:
baseboard, and snow melt systems. NSF/ANSI 14 for Plastic Piping Components and Related
1.2 This specification covers only plastic-metal-plastic Materials
multi-layer tubes incorporating a continuous welded aluminum NSF/ANSI 61 for Drinking Water System Components-
tube. Tubing consisting of metallic layers not welded together Health Effects
is outside the scope of this specification. 2.3 Federal Standard:
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (CivilAgencies)
regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are 2.4 Military Standard:
mathematical conversions to SI units which are provided for MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
information only and are not considered standard. 2.5 Uniform Classification and Committee Standard:
1.4 Specifications for connectors for use with pipe meeting Uniform Freight Classification
the requirements of this specification are given in Annex A1. 2.6 National Motor Freight Traffıc Association Standard:
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the National Motor Freight Classification
test method portion, Section 9, of this specification. This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory require- 5
Available from the NSF International, 789 Dixboro Rd.,AnnArbor, MI 48105.
ments prior to use.
6 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D,
700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Available from the Uniform Classification Committee, Suite 1106, 222 South
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Riverside Plaza, Chicago, IL 60606.
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.11 on Available from the National Motor Freight Traffic Association, Inc., National
Composites. Motor Freight Classification, American Tracking Associations, Inc., Traffic Dept.,
Current edition approved April 10, 2003. Published July 2003. 1616 P St., NW, Washington, DC 20036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F2262–03
TABLE 1 Outside Diameters, Tolerances, and Aluminum Thickness for PEX-AL-PEX
Nominal Tubing Average Outside Tolerance on Avg, Maximum Out-of-Roundness, Aluminum Thickness Minimum,
Size, in. Diameter, in. (mm) in. (mm) in. (mm) in. (mm)
⁄2 0.625 (15.88) 6 0.004 (0.10) 0.010 (0.25) 0.0095 (0.24 )
⁄4 0.875 (22.22) 6 0.004 (0.10) 0.010 (0.25) 0.0095 (0.24)
1 1.125 (28.58) 6 0.005 (0.12) 0.010 (0.25) 0.0115 (0.29)
TABLE 2 Wall Thickness for PEX-AL-PEX
Nominal Tubing Total Wall Thickness, Tolerance on Total Wall, Outer PEX Layer Thickness Inner PEX Layer Thickness
Size, in. min, in. (mm) in. (mm) min, in. (mm) min, in. (mm)
⁄2 0.070 (1.78) + 0.010 (0.25) 0.012 (0.30) 0.043 (1.09)
⁄4 0.097 (2.47) + 0.010 (0.25) 0.013 (0.33) 0.069 (1.75)
1 0.125 (3.18) + 0.013 (0.33) 0.014 (0.36) 0.097 (2.46)
3. Terminology MPa), respectively. The tests for these properties shall be
conducted in accordance with ASTM E 8.
3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F 412
5.3 Crosslinked Polyethylene:
and abbreviations are in accordance withTerminology D 1600,
5.3.1 Polyethylene plastics used to make the PEX layers of
unless otherwise indicated.
the PEX-AL-PEX tubing shall be virgin resin having a mini-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mum density of 0.941 g/cm . The outer layer of polyethylene
3.2.1 tubing, PEX-AL-PEX , n—multi-layer tubing pro-
shall be of color code B, C, or E in accordance with
duced by coextrusion or extrusion of layers of polyethylene/
Specification D 3350. Color code B compounds shall have
aluminum/ polyethylene bonded together with a melt adhesive
sufficient ultraviolet (UV) stabilization to protect the tubing
and crosslinked by irradiation or chemical means in combina-
fromdeleteriouseffectsduetooutdoorexposureduringstorage
tion with applied heat and moisture, or any combination
and shipping. The inner layer of polyethylene shall be of color
thereof.
code A, B, or C.
3.2.2 tubinghoopstress,n—avalueofhoopstressbasedon
5.3.2 The polyethylene, in the final finished state in the
the assumption of a homogeneous wall cross-section.
tubing, shall be crosslinked as defined in Terminology D 883.
3.2.2.1 Discussion—Thick walled plastic tubes produced
The polyethylene layers may be crosslinked by peroxides,Azo
fromonematerialhavehoopstressesthatvarythroughthewall
compounds, or silane compounds in extrusion, or by electron
thickness, and are usually described by the Lame Theory. The
beam irradiation after extrusion, or by other means such that
multi-layer nature of PEX-AL-PEX tubing, composed of
the tubing meets the performance requirements of Section 6.
materials with very differentYoung’s Modulus values, will, on
5.4 MeltAdhesive—Thematerialshallhaveadensitycellof
pressurization, not have uniform stress distribution through the
1, 2, or 3; a melt index cell of 1, 2, or 3; and a color code of
thickness of the wall of the tube. PEX-AL-PEX tubes have a
A or B, in accordance with Specification D 3350.
hoop stress distribution that differs substantially from both
5.5 Rework Material—The use of reclaimed, recycled, or
thick and thin walled tubing cases.
re-work plastics is not permitted.
3.2.3 unaided eye, n—observable without visual enhance-
ment beyond correction for normal vision.
6. Requirements
4. Classification
6.1 General—The requirements and test methods in this
4.1 General—This specification covers one type of PEX- specification cover PEX-AL-PEX tubing. Tests on the indi-
AL-PEX tubing with outside diameters corresponding to the vidual layers that comprise the final multi-layer tubing are
outside diameter of the same nominal size as copper tubing
outside the scope of this specification. The raw materials used,
(CTS). however, shall conform to the requirements of Section 5.
4.2 Tubing Outside Diameter—The PEX-AL-PEX tubes
6.2 Dimensions and Tolerances:
specified in this standard are classified by the outside diameter
6.2.1 The dimensions of the tubing and layers shall be in
in one standard dimension ratio, SDR9.
accordance with Tables 1 and 2 when measured in accordance
with 9.1.
5. Materials
6.2.1.1 Out-of-Roundness—Maximum out-of-roundness
tolerances apply only to measurements made on pipe prior to
5.1 General—PEX-AL-PEX tubing is comprised of one
coiling.
metalliclayer,twolayersofpolymericadhesiveandtwo-layers
6.2.1.2 Pipe Wall Thickness—The minimum wall thickness
of crosslinked polyethylene. For tubing made to this specifi-
cation, the constituent materials shall meet the respective at any point of measurement around the pipe circumference
shall not be less than the value specified in Table 2.
requirements of 5.2-5.5.
5.2 Aluminum—Thealuminumshallhaveaminimumthick- 6.2.1.3 Outer and Inner PEX Layer Thickness—The thick-
nessasspecifiedinTable1.Thematerialshallhaveaminimum ness of the PEX layers shall have a minimum value and
elongation and tensile strength of 20 % and 13 000 psi (90 tolerance as specified in Table 2, except for the polyethylene
F2262–03
material overlaying the weld, which shall allow half the tubing shall be as uniform as practical in color, opacity, density
minimum specified in Table 2. and other physical properties.
6.3 Adhesion—There shall be no visible delamination or
separation of the PEX and aluminum layers, either on the bore
8. Sampling and Conditioning
side or the outside (see Fig. 1), when examined with the
8.1 Sampling—Collect a sample of the PEX-AL-PEX tub-
unaided eye in accordance with 9.2.
ing sufficient to determine conformance with this specification.
6.4 Burst Pressure—Tubing shall meet or exceed the mini-
8.2 Conditioning:
mumburstpressurerequirementsshowninTable3whentested
8.2.1 For referee purposes, condition the specimens at 73.4
in accordance with 9.3.
6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity for not
6.5 Sustained Pressure—Tubing shall not fail, balloon,
burst, or weep, as defined in Test Method D 1598 when tested less than 40 h prior to testing in accordance with Procedure A
of Practice D 618, for those tests where conditioning is
for 10 h at the temperatures and pressures listed in Table 3
when tested in accordance with 9.4. required. In cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be 6
6.6 Gel Content—The inner and outer layers of crosslinked 1.8°F (6 1°C) and 6 2 % relative humidity.
polyethylene, when tested in accordance with 9.5, shall be
8.2.2 Forroutinequalitycontroltesting,conditionthespeci-
within the range from 65 to 89 % inclusive. Depending on the
mens at the temperature and humidity of the manufacturers
process used, the following minimum percentage crosslinking
testing facility for not less than1hor until the specimens are
values shall be achieved: 70 % by peroxides, 65 % by Azo
at the room temperature.
compounds, 65 % by electron beam, or 65 % by silane com-
8.3 Test Conditions:
pounds.
8.3.1 For referee purposes, conduct the tests in the standard
6.7 Apparent Ring Tensile Strength—The pipe rings, when
laboratory atmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C) and 50 6
tested in accordance with 9.6, shall meet the minimum strength
5 % relative humidity, unless otherwise specified. In cases of
specifications defined in Table 4.
disagreement, the tolerances shall be 6 1.8°F (6 1°C) and 6
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance 2 % relative humidity.
7.1 The tubing shall be free of visible cracks, blisters, holes, 8.3.2 For routine control testing, conduct tests at the room
foreign inclusions and other known injurious defects. The temperature and humidity of the manufacturers testing area.
(a) Good pipe showing no delamination.
(b) Delamination between the inner layer and the aluminum
(c) Delamination between the outer layer and the aluminum
FIG. 1 Detection of Delamination
F2262–03
TABLE 3 Minimum Burst Pressure and Sustained Pressure Requirements
Minimum Burst Pressure Minimum Burst Pressure Sustained Pressure Requirement
Nominal Tubing
at 73°F (23°C), at 180°F (82°C), at 180°F (82.2°C),
Size, in.
psi (kPa) psi (kPa) psi (kPa)
⁄2 880 (6000) 580 (4000) 395 (2720)
⁄4 770 (5310) 465 (3200) 395 (2720)
1 685 (4720) 400 (2760) 395 (2720)
TABLE 4 Minimum Ring Tensile Strengths
Nominal Minimum Ring
Tubing Tensile Strength,
Size, in. lb (N)
⁄2 410 (1820)
⁄4 410 (1820)
1 500 (2200)
9. Test Methods
9.1 Dimensions:
9.1.1 Any length of tubing selected at random is suitable to
determine dimensions.
9.1.2 Outside Diameter—Measure the outside diameter of
tubing in accordance with Test Method D 2122.
9.1.3 Total Wall Thickness—Make measurements of the
total wall thickness in accordance with Test Method D 2122.
Measure the total wall thickness at each end of the sample to
FIG. 2 Spiral Cutter for the Delamination Test
the nearest 0.001 in (0.02 mm).
9.1.4 Inner and Outer Crosslinked Polyethylene Layer
Thickness:
When burst tests are to be conducted in a water bath, condition
9.1.4.1 Sample Preparation—Cut the tubing with a suitable
the samples in the water bath for 1 h prior to testing.
sharp cutter ensuring that the tubing at the point of the cut and
9.3.2 BurstPressure—Determinetheburstpressureforeach
after cutting is no more than 10 % out-of-round.
sample in accordance with the procedure in Test Method
9.1.4.2 Thickness Determination—Using a visual magnify-
D 1599. The test temperatures and minimum burst pressure
ing instrument with sufficient magnification to render a mea-
values are given in Table 3.
suring resolution of 0.001 in. (0.02 mm) with a graduated
9.4 Sustained Pressure Test:
reticle, measure the thickness of both inner and outer layers at
9.4.1 Samples—Prepare six conditioned samples of each
six equally spaced points around the circumference.
sizetobetested.Eachtestsampleshallhaveaminimumlength
9.2 Adhesion Examination:
between end closures of 10 times the nominal outside diameter
9.2.1 CuttingtheSpiral—MountaStanley1991orsimil
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