ASTM C370-88(2006)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Moisture Expansion of Fired Whiteware Products
Standard Test Method for Moisture Expansion of Fired Whiteware Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides means to determine increases in physical dimension of fired whiteware materials which develop from the reaction of water and water vapor at elevated pressures and temperatures. These reactions can occur in time at normal atmospheric pressures and temperatures; changes in physical dimensions from water can influence the integrity and stability of an installation.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the elongation of whiteware bodies due to rehydration as a result of autoclave treatment.
1.2 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:C370–88(Reapproved 2006)
Standard Test Method for
Moisture Expansion of Fired Whiteware Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C370; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope shallnotexceed0.75in.(19mm),andtheleastdimensionshall
be not less than 0.10 in. (2.5 mm).
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the elon-
4.2 The specimens shall be cut to size and measured
gationofwhitewarebodiescausedbyrehydrationasaresultof
immediately after coming from the kiln or shall be stored in a
autoclave treatment.
desiccator until they can be cut and measured.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.3 The ends of the specimens shall be cut perpendicular to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the length and parallel to each other. They then shall be
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
smoothed with emery cloth and, finally, with jeweler’s rouge.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.4 At least five specimens shall be tested.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Procedure
2. Significance and Use
5.1 Markthespecimensforidentificationandmeasurethem
2.1 This test method provides means to determine increases
with the micrometer or the dial indicator to the nearest 0.0001
in physical dimension of fired whiteware materials which
in. (0.003 mm). Apply a reference mark to the specimens for
develop from the reaction of water and water vapor at elevated
orientation in the measuring fixture.
pressures and temperatures. These reactions can occur in time
5.2 Locate the specimens above the water in the autoclave
at normal atmospheric pressures and temperatures; changes in
and subject them to 150-psi (1-MPa) steam pressure for 5 h.
physical dimensions from water can influence the integrity and
Maximumpressureshallbereachedinnotlessthan45minnor
stability of an installation.
more than 1 h.After the 5-h treatment, immediately release the
3. Apparatus
steam pressure by opening the blow-off valve.
5.3 After removal from the autoclave, dry the specimens to
3.1 Autoclave, that can safely be operated at 150 psi (1
constantweightatatemperaturenotexceeding110°Candcool
MPa), and that has sufficient capacity to contain at least five
them to room temperature.
specimens. The apparatus shall be equipped with a safety
5.4 Measure the dry specimens to the nearest 0.0001 in.
valve, a pressure gage accurate within 2 % of the scale range,
(0.003 mm) on the micrometer or dial indicator. To minimize
and a source of heat of sufficient capacity to ensure a constant
errors of measurement caused by the expansion of the speci-
steam pressure within the autoclave.
men, the temperature of the specimen should be approximately
3.2 Micrometer,3to4in.(76to102mm),readingto0.0001
the same for initial and final measurements.
in. (0.003 m
...
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