ASTM E1860-23

Standard Test Method for Elapsed Time Calibration of Thermal Analyzers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Most thermal analysis experiments are carried out under increasing temperature conditions where temperature is the independent parameter. Some experiments, however, are carried out under isothermal temperature conditions where the elapsed time to an event is measured as the independent parameter. Isothermal Kinetics (Test Methods E2070), Thermal Stability (Test Method E487), Oxidative Induction Time (OIT) (Test Methods D3895, D4565, D5483, E1858, and Specification D3350) and Loss-on-Drying (Test Methods E1868) are common examples of these kinds of experiments.  
5.2 Modern scientific instruments, including thermal analyzers, usually measure elapsed time with excellent precision and accuracy. In such cases, it may only be necessary to confirm the performance of the instrument by comparison to a suitable reference. Only rarely will it may be required to correct the calibration of an instrument's elapsed time signal through the use of a calibration factor.  
5.3 It is necessary to obtain elapsed time signal conformity only to 0.1 times the repeatability relative standard deviation (standard deviation divided by the mean value) expressed as a percent for the test method in which the thermal analyzer is to be used. For those test methods listed in Section 2 this conformity is 0.1 %.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the calibration or performance confirmation of the elapsed-time signal from thermal analyzers.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2023
• ICS: 17.200.20 - Temperature-measuring instruments
• Technical Committee: E37 - Thermal Measurements
• Drafting Committee: E37.10 - Fundamental, Statistical and Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Refers: ASTM E487-20 - Standard Test Methods for Constant-Temperature Stability of Chemical Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1860 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Elapsed Time Calibration of Thermal Analyzers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1860; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E487 Test Methods for Constant-Temperature Stability of
Chemical Materials
1.1 This test method describes the calibration or perfor-
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
mance confirmation of the elapsed-time signal from thermal
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
analyzers.
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
E1858 Test Methods for Determining Oxidation Induction
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Time of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorim-
standard.
etry
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E1868 Test Methods for Loss-On-Drying by Thermogravi-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
metry
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E2070 Test Methods for Kinetic Parameters by Differential
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Scanning Calorimetry Using Isothermal Methods
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
E2161 Terminology Relating to Performance Validation in
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Thermal Analysis and Rheology
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3. Terminology
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1 Definitions:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.1 The technical terms used in this test method are
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
defined in Terminologies E473, E1142, and E2161, including
2. Referenced Documents calibration, conformance, relative standard deviation, and
2
thermal analysis.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fit-
4. Summary of Test Method
tings Materials
D3895 Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Poly-
4.1 The elapsed time signal generated by a thermal analyzer
olefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
is compared to a clock (or timer) whose performance is known
D4565 Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Per-
and traceable to a national metrology institute. The thermal
formance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Tele-
analyzer may be said to be in conformance, if the performance
communications Wire and Cable
of the thermal analyzer is within established limits.
D5483 Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubri-
Alternatively, the elapsed time signal may be calibrated using
cating Greases by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorim-
a two point calibration method.
etry
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
5. Significance and Use
ology
5.1 Most thermal analysis experiments are carried out under
increasing temperature conditions where temperature is the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on Thermal independent parameter. Some experiments, however, are car-
Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.10 on
ried out under isothermal temperature conditions where the
Fundamental, Statistical and Mechanical Properties.
elapsed time to an event is measured as the independent
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2023. Published August 2023. Originally
parameter. Isothermal Kinetics (Test Methods E2070), Thermal
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as E1860 – 13 (2018).
DOI: 10.1520/E1860-23.
Stability (Test Method E487), Oxidative Induction Time (OIT)
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
(Test Methods D3895, D4565, D5483, E1858, and Specifica-
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
tion D3350) and Loss-on-Drying (Test Methods E1868) are
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. common examples of these kinds of experiments.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1860 − 23
5.2 Modern scientific instruments, including thermal 8.2.3 Calculate the value for S using Eq 3 (see 9.3).
analyzers, usually measure elapse
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1860 − 13 (Reapproved 2018) E1860 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Elapsed Time Calibration of Thermal Analyzers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1860; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes the calibration or performance confirmation of the elapsed-time signal from thermal analyzers.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this test method.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fittings Materials
D3895 Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Polyolefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
D4565 Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications
Wire and Cable
D5483 Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Greases by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rheology
E487 Test Methods for Constant-Temperature Stability of Chemical Materials
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
E1858 Test Methods for Determining Oxidation Induction Time of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
E1868 Test Methods for Loss-On-Drying by Thermogravimetry
E2070 Test Methods for Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimetry Using Isothermal Methods
E2161 Terminology Relating to Performance Validation in Thermal Analysis and Rheology
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on Thermal Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.10 on Fundamental,
Statistical and Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2018Aug. 1, 2023. Published August 2018August 2023. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20132018 as
E1860 – 13.E1860 – 13 (2018). DOI: 10.1520/E1860-13R18.10.1520/E1860-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1860 − 23
3.1.1 The technical terms used in this test method are defined in Terminologies E473, E1142, and E2161, including calibration,
conformance, relative standard deviation, and thermal analysis.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The elapsed time signal generated by a thermal analyzer is compared to a clock (or timer) whose performance is known and
traceable to a national metrology institute. The thermal analyzer may be said to be in conformance, if the performance of the
thermal analyzer is within established limits. Alternatively, the elapsed time signal may be calibrated using a two point calibration
method.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Most thermal analysis experiments are carried out under increasing temperature conditions where temperature is the
independent parameter. Some experiments, however, are carried out under isothermal temperature conditions where the elapsed
time to an event is measured as the independent parameter. Isothermal Kinetics (Test Methods E2070), Thermal Stability (Test
Method E487), Oxidative Induction Time (OIT) (Test Methods D3895, D4565, D5483, E1858, and Specification D
...