ASTM F1115-16

Standard Test Method for Determining the Carbon Dioxide Loss of Beverage Containers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Two procedures, A and B, are outlined in this test method. Procedure A is used most often for development of various beverage container designs to determine the functional characteristics of the package in regard to shelf life. Procedure B is recommended for use in beverage filling operations as a quality control tool in maintaining the desired CO2 fill pressure. A loss of CO2 will affect product taste.  
5.1.1 Procedure A involves the use of sensitive pressure and temperature monitoring equipment where a high degree of accuracy is essential, for example, a micro-pressure transducer and thermocouple for measuring pressure and temperature of the package in a closed system. Alternatively, this procedure may also use bottles closed with roll-on aluminum caps containing rubber septums. The septum is pierced with a hypodermic needle attached to a pressure transducer to obtain pressure readings. This procedure should be confined to laboratories that are practiced in this type of analytical testing.  
5.1.2 Procedure B is more widely used when measuring the carbonation level of the package due to the simplicity of the technique. A simple Manual pressure assembly or an Automated CO2 Analyzer is utilized.
SCOPE
1.1 The objective of this test method is to determine the carbon dioxide (CO2) loss from plastic beverage containers after a specified period of storage time.  
1.2 Factors contributing to this pressure loss are volume expansion and the gas transport characteristics of the package, including permeation and leakage.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2016
• ICS: 55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
• Technical Committee: F02 - Primary Barrier Packaging
• Drafting Committee: F02.10 - Permeation

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F1115 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Carbon Dioxide Loss of Beverage
1
Containers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1115; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope volumes should be made using a carbonation volumes table. A
table for carbonated water would not necessarily apply to
1.1 The objective of this test method is to determine the
liquids containing additional substances, such as carbonated
carbon dioxide (CO ) loss from plastic beverage containers
2
beverages containing sugar.
after a specified period of storage time.
3.1.3 finish—the threaded part of the bottle which receives
1.2 Factors contributing to this pressure loss are volume
the cap.
expansion and the gas transport characteristics of the package,
3.1.4 initial pressure—the equilibrium pressure in the test
including permeation and leakage.
bottles as measured at 24 h after filling with carbonated water.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
(The filled bottles are allowed to stand for 24 h to obtain
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
temperature equilibrium with the test environment and to allow
standard.
time for pressure adjustment and equilibration of the CO in
2
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the headspace and liquid).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.5 manual pressure tester—a unit that manually pierces
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the closure and measures container pressure; an attached
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
thermometer is then used to measure temperature (Procedure
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
B).
3.1.6 pressure monitoring device—a pressure gage or trans-
2. Referenced Documents
ducer assembly with support electronics for indicating internal
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
pressure level of the bottle. This device is used with brass
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
closure fitting-equipped bottles.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3.1.7 sample—a set of bottles produced on the same equip-
ment in a single run and using the same material and process
3. Terminology
conditions. Bottles should represent normal thickness distribu-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
tion.
3.1.1 automated CO analyzer—an electronic unit that will
2
3.1.8 shelf life—the number of weeks a sample set of bottles
pierce the roll-on closure and automatically read pressure and
retain a specified carbonation level, or a percent of the initial
temperature and calculate volume of gas (Procedure B). There
level.
are multiple manufacturers of these instruments.
3.1.9 support ring—a protrusion below the bottle finish
3.1.2 carbonation volume—the volume of CO (at 0°C, 1
2
which is used to support or stabilize the bottle during filling
atm pressure) that is dissolved in the carbonated water, divided
and capping.
by the volume of the liquid (based on water volume at 3.98°C
3
3.1.10 temperature monitoring device—a thermocouple
equals 1.000 g/cm ). The conversion of pressure to carbonation
with support electronics (same equipment as described in
7.2.2). A precision glass thermometer may be used, provided a
1
bottle filled with noncarbonated water is used as a control in
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on Primary
Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.10 on
each sample set (Procedure A).
Permeation.
3.2 For other terms used in this test method, refer to
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published XXXX 2016. Originally
ɛ1
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F1115 – 95 (2008) .
Terminology D1129.
DOI: 10.1520/F1115-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 4. Summary of Test Method
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.1 Test bottles are filled with carbonated water or beverage
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. and, after closure application, are exposed to test environments
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1115 − 16
for specified time periods. By periodically measuring the initial 7.1.6 Micrometer or Ultrasonic Thickness Gage, capable of
and final carbonation levels in the container, the carbonation measuring to within 0.001 in. or les
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: F1115 − 95 (Reapproved 2008) F1115 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Carbon Dioxide Loss of Beverage
1
Containers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1115; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made throughout in March 2008.
1. Scope
1.1 The objective of this test method is to determine the carbon dioxide (CO ) loss from plastic beverage containers after a
2
specified period of storage time.
1.2 Factors contributing to this pressure loss are volume expansion and the gas transport characteristics of the package,
including permeation and leakage.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3
E380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units (SI) (the Modernized Metric System) (Withdrawn 1997)
3. Terminology
3.1 Units, symbols, and abbreviations used in this test method are those recommended by Practice E380.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 automated CO analyzer—an electronic unit that will pierce the roll-on closure and automatically read pressure and
2
temperature and calculate volume of gas (Procedure B). There are multiple manufacturers of these instruments.
3.1.2 carbonation volume—the volume of CO (at 0°C, 1 atm pressure) that is dissolved in the carbonated water, divided by the
2
3
volume of the liquid (based on water volume at 3.98°C equals 1.000 g/cm ). The conversion of pressure to carbonation volumes
should be made using a carbonation volumes table. A table for carbonated water would not necessarily apply to liquids containing
additional substances, such as carbonated beverages containing sugar.
3.1.3 finish—the threaded part of the bottle which receives the cap.
3.1.4 initial pressure—the equilibrium pressure in the test bottles as measured at 24 h after filling with carbonated water. (The
filled bottles are allowed to stand for 24 h to obtain temperature equilibrium with the test environment and to allow time for
pressure adjustment and equilibration of the CO in the headspace and liquid.)liquid).
2
3.1.5 manual pressure tester—a unit that manually pierces the closure and measures container pressure; an attached
thermometer is then used to measure temperature (Procedure B).
3.1.6 pressure monitoring device—a pressure gage or transducer assembly with support electronics for indicating internal
pressure level of the bottle. This device is used with brass closure fitting-equipped bottles.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on FlexiblePrimary Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.10 on
Permeation.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2008Oct. 1, 2016. Published March 2008XXXX 2016. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20012008 as
ɛ1
F1115 – 95 (2001).(2008) . DOI: 10.1520/F1115-95R08E01.10.1520/F1115-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1115 − 16
3.1.7 sample—a set of bottles produced on the same equipment in a single run and using the same material and process
conditions. Bottles should represent normal thickness distribution.
3.1.8 shelf life—the number of weeks a sample set of bottles retain a specified carbonation level, or a percent of the initial level.
3.2.5 pressure monitoring device—a pressure gage or transducer assembly with support electronics for indicating internal
pressure level of the bottle. This device is used with brass closure fitting-equi
...