ASTM D387-00(2017)

Standard Test Method for Color and Strength of Chromatic Pigments with a Mechanical Muller (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Color and tinting strength are the most important properties of a color pigment. This test method provides a means of testing these properties for quality control.  
5.2 This test method is intended as a referee method so that such matters as the vehicle for preparing the dispersions and the white for making tints have been suggested. However, other vehicles and whites may be suitable for quality control purposes, and changes in this test method are allowed by agreement between the parties to a test.  
5.3 It is assumed that the most exact comparison of mass color and tinting strength occurs when the pigment is completely dispersed. By following the procedure described in Annex A1, the conditions for achieving the maximum practical degree of dispersion with a mechanical muller may be determined. Color and strength tests should be carried out under these conditions.  
5.4 The results obtained with a mechanical muller do not necessarily correlate directly with an industrial situation where different dispersing conditions exist. However, dispersion with a mechanical muller is a quick and inexpensive way of testing the color and strength of a pigment for routine quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to be used to compare the color and strength of a pigment under test with a reference standard of the same type and grade.  
1.2 This test method does not apply to white pigments.  
Note 1: Test Method D3022 is similar to this test method, but it utilizes a miniature sandmill rather than a mechanical muller, to disperse the chromatic pigment.
Note 2: Test Method D332 and Test Method D2745 are similar to this test method, but they are intended for use with white pigments, rather than chromatic pigments.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are the preferred unit of measurement. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 8.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method was intended to be used to compare the color and strength of a pigment under test with a reference standard of the same type and grade.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications, this test method was withdrawn in July 2023 and replaced by Test Method D8163 for Determination of Strength of Colorants and Bases for Architectural, Marine, Maintenance, Commercial, and Industrial Coatings.1

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2017
• ICS: 87.060.10 - Pigments and extenders
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.26 - Optical Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D387 − 00 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Color and Strength of Chromatic Pigments with a
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Mechanical Muller
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D387; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Pigments by Reflectance Measurements
D3022 Test Method for Color and Strength of Color Pig-
1.1 This test method is intended to be used to compare the
ments by Use of a Miniature Sandmill
color and strength of a pigment under test with a reference
D3964 Practice for Selection of Coating Specimens for
standard of the same type and grade.
Appearance Measurements
1.2 This test method does not apply to white pigments.
D4838 Test Method for Determining the Relative Tinting
Strength of Chromatic Paints
NOTE 1—Test Method D3022 is similar to this test method, but it
utilizes a miniature sandmill rather than a mechanical muller, to disperse
E284 Terminology of Appearance
the chromatic pigment.
NOTE 2—Test Method D332 and Test Method D2745 are similar to this
3. Terminology
test method, but they are intended for use with white pigments, rather than
3.1 Definitions of appearance terms used in this test method
chromatic pigments.
may be found in Terminology E284.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are the preferred unit of
measurement. The values given in parentheses are for infor-
4. Summary of Test Method
mation only.
4.1 Pigments are dispersed in a suitable vehicle with a
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
mechanical muller. Test and standard pigments are treated
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
identically. Opaque drawdowns are made from the dispersions
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and compared, either visually or instrumentally, for color and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
strength differences.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard
statements are given in Section 8.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents 5.1 Color and tinting strength are the most important prop-
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erties of a color pigment. This test method provides a means of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
testing these properties for quality control.
D332 Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White
Pigments by Visual Observation
5.2 This test method is intended as a referee method so that
D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color such matters as the vehicle for preparing the dispersions and
Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials the white for making tints have been suggested. However,
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and other vehicles and whites may be suitable for quality control
Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color purposes, and changes in this test method are allowed by
Coordinates agreement between the parties to a test.
D2745 Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White
5.3 It is assumed that the most exact comparison of mass
color and tinting strength occurs when the pigment is com-
pletely dispersed. By following the procedure described in
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
Annex A1, the conditions for achieving the maximum practical
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.26 on Optical Properties.
degree of dispersion with a mechanical muller may be deter-
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2017. Published March 2017. Originally
mined. Color and strength tests should be carried out under
approved in 1934. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D387 – 00 (2008).
these conditions.
DOI: 10.1520/D0387-00R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.4 The results obtained with a mechanical muller do not
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
necessarily correlate directly with an industrial situation where
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. different dispersing conditions exist. However, dispersion with
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D387 − 00 (2017)
a mechanical muller is a quick and inexpensive way of testing vehicle the development of tinting strength by the mechanical
the color and strength of a pigment for routine quality contr
...