ASTM E938-94(2000)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Effectiveness of Liquid, Gel, or Cream Insecticides Against Adult Human Lice
Standard Test Method for Effectiveness of Liquid, Gel, or Cream Insecticides Against Adult Human Lice
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the effectiveness of pediculicidal materials in liquid, gel, or cream form, against the adult human louse, Pediculus humanus , the surrogate subspecies for the human head louse ( P.h. capitis ). (Only gels or creams that liquefy at 32°C (90°F) can be tested).
1.2 This test method is for the use of those wishing to develop efficacy data, or to compare formulations for head louse control.
1.3 This test method consists of five replicates for a statistical comparison of formulations.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:E938–94(Reapproved 2000)
Standard Test Method for
Effectiveness of Liquid, Gel, or Cream Insecticides Against
Adult Human Lice
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 938; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method determines the effectiveness of pedi- 4.1 This test method should provide a consistent approach
culicidal materials in liquid, gel, or cream form, against the both in terms of test insects and test procedures for the
adult human louse, Pediculus humanus, the surrogate subspe- gathering of efficacy data for pediculicides.
cies for the human head louse (P.h. capitis). (Only gels or 4.2 Data collection in this manner should be suitable for
creams that liquefy at 32°C (90°F) can be tested). product development and comparison. In addition, it should be
1.2 This test method is for the use of those wishing to suitable for review by regulatory agencies.
develop efficacy data, or to compare formulations for head
5. Apparatus and Materials
louse control.
1.3 This test method consists of five replicates for a statis- 5.1 Test Container—A 9-dram plastic vial, screened at the
bottom with 20-mesh screen, shall be used as the dipping
tical comparison of formulations.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the vessel. A plunger, made from a plastic rod, and a circular
screenfitsinsidethevial.Plasticsusedshouldbeaschemically
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only. unreactive as possible. Plastic vials are to be discarded after
each test.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 5.2 Beakers—A 100-mL beaker is used to contain the
insecticide into which the test container is dipped. A1000-mL
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- beaker is used as the container in which the lice are washed
after treatment.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.3 Heating Surface—A slide dryer, that will provide heat
2. Terminology
of approximately 37°C (98°F), is adequate.
2.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 5.4 Incubator—The incubator shall be capable of maintain-
2.1.1 morbid—unable to move towards heat 1 h after ing a temperature of 31.7°C (89°F) and 60 % RH.
treatment: sickly, but not necessarily dying; may recover by 24 5.5 Petri dishes, 8.9 cm in diameter and 1.3 cm deep.
h. 5.6 Waterbath—Capable of maintaining 32°C (90°F).
2.1.2 moribund—unable to move towards heat (and there- 5.7 Dark Cotton Corduroy,4by4cm.
fore food) 24 h after treatment; dying. 5.8 Paper Toweling, Stop Watch, Forceps or Camel Hair
Brush, and Wash Bottle.
3. Summary of Test Method
5.9 Test Insect—The test insect is the human body louse,
3.1 Five replicates of 25 lice each, plus five control repli- Pediculus humanus humanus. The present strain was estab-
cates for each batch of lice, shall be used for each test
lished from the USDA Gainesville strain. It is a susceptible
concentration or any other variable tested. strain and, through selection, has adapted to a rabbit host.
3.2 Percent mortality, corrected by Abbott’s Formula, is
5.10 Host Animal—New Zealand white rabbits.
determined.
6. Rearing of Test Insects
6.1 Collect eggs at 2-day intervals. This can be done when
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on
the corduroy patch is placed on the rabbit. The adult lice leave
Pesticides and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E35.12 on Insect Control
Agents .
Current edition approved June 15, 1994. Published August 1994. Originally
e1
published as E 938 – 83. Last previous edition E 938 – 83 (1988) .
2 3
Abbott, W. S., “A Method of Computing the Effectiveness of An Insecticide,” The present strain of Pediculus humanus humanus is maintained by Insect
Journal of Economic Entomology, Vol 18, 1925, pp. 265–267. Control and Research, Inc., Baltimore, MD 21228.
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E938
the patch to feed. The patch is then removed fr
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