ASTM D5134-98

Standard Test Method for Detailed Analysis of Petroleum Naphthas through n-Nonane by Capillary Gas Chromatography

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of hydrocarbon components of petroleum naphthas as enumerated in Table 1. Components eluting after -nonane (bp 150.8°C) are determined as a single group.
1.2 This test method is applicable to olefin-free (
1.3 Components that are present at the 0.05 mass percent level or greater can be determined.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 7.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jan-1998
• ICS: 71.080.10 - Aliphatic hydrocarbons
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.04.0L - Gas Chromatography Methods

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D5134-98(2003) - Standard Test Method for Detailed Analysis of Petroleum Naphthas through <i>n</i>-Nonane by Capillary Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 10-May-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact
ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 5134 – 98
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Detailed Analysis of Petroleum Naphthas through n-Nonane
1
by Capillary Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5134; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Despite the many advances in capillary gas chromatography instrumentation and the remarkable
resolution achievable, it has proven difficult to standardize a test method for the analysis of a mixture
as complex as petroleum naphtha. Because of the proliferation of numerous, similar columns and the
endless choices of phase thickness, column internal diameter, length, etc., as well as instrument
operating parameters, many laboratories use similar but not identical methods for the capillary GC
analysis of petroleum naphthas. Even minute differences in column polarity or column oven
temperature, for example, can change resolution or elution order of components and make their
identification an individual interpretive process rather than the desirable, objective application of
standard retention data. To avoid this, stringent column specifications and temperature and flow
conditions have been adopted in this test method to ensure consistent elution order and resolution and
reproducible retention times. Strict adherence to the specified conditions is essential to the successful
application of this test method.
1. Scope bon components of petroleum naphthas as enumerated in Table
1. Components eluting after n-nonane (bp 150.8°C) are deter-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of hydrocar-
mined as a single group.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Current edition approved Jan. 10, 1998. Published September 1998. Originally
D02.04 on Hydrocarbon Analysis. published as D 5134 – 90. Last previous edition D 5134 – 92.
TABLE 1 Typical Retention Characteristics of Naphtha Components
Kovats
Adjusted Linear
Retention Retention
Compound Retention Retention
Time, min Index
Time, min Index
@35°C
Methane 3.57 0.00 100.0 .
Ethane 3.65 0.08 200.0 .
Propane 3.84 0.27 300.0 .
Isobutane 4.14 0.57 367.3 .
n-Butane 4.39 0.82 400.0
2,2-Dimethylpropane 4.53 0.96 415.5 .
Isopentane 5.33 1.76 475.0 .
n-Pentane 5.84 2.27 500.0 .
2,2-Dimethylbutane 6.81 3.24 536.2 .
Cyclopentane 7.83 4.26 564.1 .
2,3-Dimethylbutane 7.89 4.32 565.5 .
2-Methylpentane 8.06 4.49 569.5 .
3-Methylpentane 8.72 5.15 583.4 .
n-Hexane 9.63 6.06 600.0 .
2,2-Dimethylpentane 11.22 7.65 624.2 .
Methylcyclopentane 11.39 7.82 626.5 .
2,4-Dimethylpentane 11.68 8.11 630.3 .
2,2,3-Trimethylbutane 12.09 8.52 635.4 .
Benzene 13.29 9.72 649.1 .
3,3-dimethylpentane 13.84 10.27 654.8 .
Cyclohexane 14.19 10.62 658.3 .
1

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NOTICE:¬This¬standard¬has¬either¬been¬superceded¬and¬replaced¬by¬a¬new¬version¬or¬discontinued.¬
Contact¬ASTM¬International¬(www.astm.org)¬for¬the¬latest¬information.¬
D 5134
TABLE 1 Continued
Kovats
Adjusted Linear
Retention Retention
Compound Retention Retention
Time, min Index
Time, min Index
@35°C
2-Methylhexane 15.20 11.63 667.8 .
2,3-Dimethylpentane 15.35 11.78 669.1 .
1,1-Dimethylcyclopentane 15.61 12.04 671.4 .
3-Methylhexane 16.18 12.61 676.2 .
cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane 16.88 13.31 681.8 .
trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane 17.22 13.65 684.4 .
3-Ethylpentane 17.44 13.87 686.1 .
trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane 17.57 14.00 687.0 .
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane 17.80 14.23 688.7 .
n-Heptane 19.43 15.86 700.0 .
A
Methylcyclohexane + cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane 22.53 18.96 718.6 .
A
1,1,3-Trimethylcyclopentane + 2,2-Dimethylhexane 23.05 19.48 721.4 .
A
Ethylcyclopentane 24.59 21.02 729.3 .
A
2,5-Dimethylhexane + 2,2,3-Trimethylpentane 25.12 21.55 731.9 .
A
2,4-Dimethylhexane 25.47 21.90 733.5 .
A
1,trans-2,cis-4-Trimethylcyclopentane 26.43 22.86 738.0 .
A
3,3-Dimethylhexane 26.79 23.22 739.6 .
A
1,trans-2,cis-3-Trimethylcyclopentane 28.01 24.44 744.9 .
A
2,3,4-Trimethylpentane 28.70 25.13 747.8 .
A B
Toluene + 2,3,3-Trimethylpentane 29.49 25.92 751.1 730.2
B
1,1,2-Trimethylcyclopentane 31.21 27.64 . 741.7
B
2,3-Dimethylhexane 31.49 27.92 . 743.6
A
2-Methyl-3-ethylpentane 31.69 28.12 . 744.9
B
2-Methylheptane 33.06 29.49 . 754.1
B
4-Methylheptane + 3-Methyl-3-ethylpentane 33.34 29.77 .
...