ASTM D2426-23

Standard Test Method for Butadiene Dimer and Styrene in Butadiene Concentrates by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Butadiene dimer and styrene may be present as impurities in commercial butadiene. This test method is suitable for use in internal quality control and in establishing product specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of butadiene dimer (4-vinylcyclohexene-1) and styrene in butadiene concentrates, both recycle and specification grade.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific precautionary statements see Sections 6 and 8.  
1.3.1 The user is advised to obtain LPG safety training for the safe operation of this test method procedure and related activities.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 28-Feb-2023
• ICS: 71.080.10 - Aliphatic hydrocarbons
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.D0.04 - C4 and C5 Hydrocarbons

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2426 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Butadiene Dimer and Styrene in Butadiene Concentrates by
1
Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2426; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
2
1. Scope* 2.2 Other Documents:
STP 109A Physical Constants of Hydrocarbons C to C
1 10
1.1 This test method covers the determination of butadiene
dimer (4-vinylcyclohexene-1) and styrene in butadiene
3. Summary of Test Method
concentrates, both recycle and specification grade.
3.1 The sample is introduced into a gas-liquid partition
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
column. The components of interest are separated as they are
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
transported through the column by a carrier gas, and their
standard.
presence in the effluent is detected and recorded as a chromato-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
gram. Packed columns are used, and either thermal conductiv-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ity or ionization detectors are permissible. The quantity of the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
components of interest present in the sample is determined
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
from the chromatogram by comparing their peak areas or
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
heights with those obtained from a synthetic sample.
For specific precautionary statements see Sections 6 and 8.
1.3.1 The user is advised to obtain LPG safety training for
4. Significance and Use
the safe operation of this test method procedure and related
4.1 Butadiene dimer and styrene may be present as impuri-
activities.
ties in commercial butadiene. This test method is suitable for
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
use in internal quality control and in establishing product
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
specifications.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5. Apparatus
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 5.1 Chromatograph—Any chromatograph having either a
thermal conductivity or flame ionization detector may be used.
2. Referenced Documents The detector system shall have sufficient sensitivity to obtain a
2 deflection of at least 2 mm at a signal-to-noise ratio of at least
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5:1 for 0.01 % by mass of butadiene dimer and styrene under
D1657 Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light
the operating conditions prescribed in this test method.
Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer
D1945 Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas 5.2 Recorder—A 0 mV to 1 mV, 0 mV to 5 mV, or 0 mV to
Chromatography 10 mV recorder with a full-scale response time of 2 s or less,
D2593 Test Method for Butadiene Purity and Hydrocarbon and with sufficient sensitivity to meet the requirements of 5.1.
Impurities by Gas Chromatography
5.3 Column—Any column may be used that is capable of
resolving the butadiene dimer and styrene as discrete peaks,
quantitatively proportional to concentration and within an
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
elapsed time sufficiently short to be practical.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.D0.04 on C4 and C5 Hydrocarbons. 5.4 Liquid Sampling Valve—Any liquid sampling valve may
Current edition approved March 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally
be used that will permit the reproducible introduction of the
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D2426 – 19. DOI:
butadiene concentrate as a liquid under its vapor pressure or
10.1520/D2426-23.
2
higher and in a quantity sufficient to meet the sensitivity and
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
resolution requirements in 5.1 and 5.3, respectively.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. NOTE 1—Suitable valves are commercially available.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2426 − 19 D2426 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Butadiene Dimer and Styrene in Butadiene Concentrates by
1
Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2426; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of butadiene dimer (4-vinylcyclohexene-1) and styrene in butadiene concentrates,
both recycle and specification grade.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see Sections 6 and 8.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see Sections 6 and 8.
1.3.1 The user is advised to obtain LPG safety training for the safe operation of this test method procedure and related activities.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1657 Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer
D1945 Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography
D2593 Test Method for Butadiene Purity and Hydrocarbon Impurities by Gas Chromatography
2
2.2 Other Documents:
STP 109A Physical Constants of Hydrocarbons C to C
1 10
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The sample is introduced into a gas-liquid partition column. The components of interest are separated as they are transported
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.D0.04 on C4 and C5 Hydrocarbons.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019March 1, 2023. Published January 2020June 2023. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 20142019 as
D2426 – 93 (2014).D2426 – 19. DOI: 10.1520/D2426-19.10.1520/D2426-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2426 − 23
TABLE 1 Columns and Conditions Used Successfully
Carbowax
Dow Silicone Carbowax Carbowax Polyethylene Barecowax
Silicone SE-30 20M + Dow
200 1500 1540 Glycol-6000 1035
Corning Hi Vac
Column length, m 1.5 4.6 3.7 15.2 3.1 3.7 6.1
Column diameter, mm 3.2 4.8 6.4 0.5 6.4 4.8 6.4
Column temperature, °C 85 110 100 75 100–128 155 140
Liquid phase, wt % 10 15 16 . 0.75 each 30 20
Support material Chromosorb P TFE-fluorocarbon Chromosorb P (Coated) Silica Chromosorb P Chromosorb P
Mesh 80–100 40–60 100–120 . . 30–50 60–80
Carrier flow, mL/min 19 60 60 15 30 171 60
A B
Detector HFI T.C. HFI HFI T.C. T.C. T.C.
Sample size, μL 0.77 20 0.07 1.54 1.03 8.69 3.0
Peak measurement triangulation triangulation integrator triangulation triangulation peak height planimeter
A
HFI = hydrogen flame ionization.
B
T.C. = thermal conductivity.
through the column by a carrier gas, and their presence in the effluent is detected and recorded as a chromatogram. Packed columns
are used, and either thermal conductivity or ionization detectors are permissible. The quantity of the components of interest present
in the sample is
...