ASTM C1098-93
(Specification)Standard Specification for Nuclear-Grade Hafnium Oxide Powder (Withdrawn 2002)
Standard Specification for Nuclear-Grade Hafnium Oxide Powder (Withdrawn 2002)
SCOPE
1.1 This specification defines the physical and chemical requirements for hafnium oxide powder intended for fabrication into shapes for use in a nuclear reactor core.
1.2 The material described herein shall be particulate in nature.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
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Designation: C 1098 – 93
Standard Specification for
Nuclear-Grade Hafnium Oxide Powder
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1098; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.4 phase transformation—the rearrangement of the atomic
ordering of a crystalline lattice as material is cycled through a
1.1 This specification defines the physical and chemical
critical transformation or inversion temperature; the change
requirements for hafnium oxide powder intended for fabrica-
from one crystalline phase to another may be accompanied by
tion into shapes for use in a nuclear reactor core.
a volume change that could lead to cracks or defects in
1.2 The material described herein shall be particulate in
,
8 9
products fabricated from such materials.
nature.
3.5 powder lot—a specified quantity of hafnium oxide
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
powder (with stabilizing additive, if applicable) blended to-
standard.
gether such that samples taken in accordance with the proce-
2. Referenced Documents dures of Section 8 can be considered as representative of the
entire quantity.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.6 seller—the hafnium oxide powder processor.
C 117 Test Method for Materials Finer Than 75-µm (No.
3.7 stabilizing additive—material which, when added in
200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing
sufficient concentration to the subject material exhibiting the
C 371 Test Method for Wire-Cloth Sieve Analysis of Non-
phase transformation, produces a stabilized crystalline phase
plastic Ceramic Powders
that does not undergo a transformation at any temperature
C 859 Terminology Relating to Nuclear Materials
within the expected fabrication or usage regime of the manu-
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
factured product; the potentially deleterious volume change is
poses
therefore avoided.
E 105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
2.2 ANSI/ASME Standard:
4. Ordering Information
NQA-1 Quality Assurance Program Requirements for
4.1 The buyer may specify the following information on the
Nuclear Facilities
order:
2.3 U.S. Government Standard:
4.1.1 Quantity (weight of delivered product).
Code of Federal Regulations, Title 10, Part 50, Energy (10
4.1.2 Nominal particle size, particle size range, and appli-
CFR 50), Domestic Licensing of Production and Utiliza-
7 cable tolerances. Test Method C 371 and Test Method C 117
tion Facilities
and Specification E 11 may be applied for particles larger than
3. Terminology 37 µm. For particle sizes less than 37 µm, the particle size
distribution will be determined using a method agreed upon
3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminology
between the buyer and the seller.
C 859 except for the following:
4.1.3 Stabilizing Additive—The amount and types of stabi-
3.2 buyer—the organization issuing the purchase order.
lizing additives (if any, including limits).
3.3 hafnium oxide powder—hafnium oxide that contains no
4.1.4 Lot size.
hard aggregates larger than 20 mesh (840 µm).
4.1.5 Sampling requirements.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-26 on
5. Chemical Composition
Nuclear Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.03 on
5.1 A stabilizing additive may be utilized with the hafnium
Neutron Absorber Materials Specifications.
Current edition approved April 15, 1993. Published June 1993. Originally
oxide. The recommended stabilizing additive is yttrium oxide
published as C 1098 – 88. Last previous edition C 1098 – 88.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.02.
4 8
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 12.01. Curtis, C. E., Doney, L. M., and Johnson, J. R., “Some Properties of Hafnium
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. Oxide, Hafnium Silicate, Calcium Hafnate, and Hafnium Carbide,” Journal of
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th American Ceramic Society, Vol 37, 1954, pp. 458–465.
Floor, New York, NY 10036. Brown, L. M., and Mazdiyasni, K. S., “Characterization of Alkoxy-Derived
Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Yttria-Stabilized Hafnia,” Journal of American Ceramic Society, Vol 53, 1970, pp.
Office, Washington, DC 20402. 590–594.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C 1098
(Y O ). The typical concentration range is 7 to 10 weight % 8.2.3 Referee tests, in the event these become necessary,
2 3
Y O in the finished product. References to other stabilizing and,
2 3
additives (such as calcium oxide (CaO) and magnesium oxide 8.2.4 Retention of archive samples by the seller.
(MgO)) may be found in the literature and may be used if 8.3 Archive samples shall be retained for a period of time
agreed upon between the buyer and the seller. However, it is specified by the buyer and be delive
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