ASTM D5265-23

Standard Test Method for Bridge Impact Testing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Materials shipped in elongated packages are liable to damage as a result of impact near their midpoint when only the ends are supported. This type of damage can occur during the shipment of packaging of mixed dimensions. It is particularly prevalent during conveyer line transport and sortation. This test method provides a means of determining resistance to such damage.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to determine the capability of a long package with a narrow cross-section to resist impact near its center when the package is supported only at its ends. This test method allows the user to select from two test options: Option A employs the use of a free-fall drop tester (see Exhibit B), and Option B employs the use of simulated mechanical impact testing equipment (S.M.I.T.E.; see Exhibit A). The two optional procedures are designed to impart the same amount of kinetic energy at impact; therefore, each procedure yields equal damage-producing potential.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Mar-2023
• ICS: 97.150 - Floor coverings
• Technical Committee: D10 - Packaging
• Drafting Committee: D10.21 - Shipping Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5265 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Bridge Impact Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5265; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products
for Testing
1.1 This test method is intended to determine the capability
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
of a long package with a narrow cross-section to resist impact
ments
near its center when the package is supported only at its ends.
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
This test method allows the user to select from two test options:
Packaging Components for Testing
Option A employs the use of a free-fall drop tester (see Exhibit
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With
B), and Option B employs the use of simulated mechanical
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
impact testing equipment (S.M.I.T.E.; see Exhibit A). The two
Lot or Process
optional procedures are designed to impart the same amount of
kinetic energy at impact; therefore, each procedure yields equal
3. Terminology
damage-producing potential.
3.1 Definitions—The terms and definitions used in this test
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
method may be found in Terminology D996.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.2.1 elongated package, n—a package that is long in
and are not considered standard.
proportion to width and thickness, with lengths greater or equal
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
to 36 in. (914 mm) and each of the other two dimensions 20 %
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
or less of the longest dimension.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Significance and Use
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Materials shipped in elongated packages are liable to
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
damage as a result of impact near their midpoint when only the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ends are supported. This type of damage can occur during the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
shipment of packaging of mixed dimensions. It is particularly
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
prevalent during conveyer line transport and sortation. This test
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
method provides a means of determining resistance to such
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
damage.
5. Apparatus
2. Referenced Documents
2
5.1 Option A—Free-Fall Drop Tester, conforming to the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
conditions specified in 10.2.1 (see Fig. 1).
D644 Test Method for Moisture Content of Paper and
3
5.1.1 The impactor shall have a mass of 9 lb 6 0.4 lb
Paperboard by Oven Drying (Withdrawn 2010)
(4.1 kg 6 0.2 kg ) and dimensions of 12 in. × 12 in. × 12 in.
w w
(300 mm × 300 mm × 300 mm). The impactor shall have the
striking edge covered by angle iron. The impactor’s center of
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
gravity shall be aligned with the center of the drop edge(s).
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping
5.1.2 Support Blocks, made from hardwood, nominal 6 in. ×
Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods.
6 in. (150 mm × 150 mm), long enough to support the full
Current edition approved March 15, 2023. Published April 2023. Originally
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D5265 – 09 (2016).
width of the largest package to be tested.
DOI: 10.1520/D5265-23.
2
5.2 Option B—Commercial S.M.I.T.E. Tester, using a
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
guided impactor and velocity meter to calculate the theoretical
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
free-fall drop of the missile (see Fig. 2).
the ASTM website.
3
5.2.1 S.M.I.T.E. Tester Impactor (missile), fabricated in a
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. V-shape
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5265 − 09 (Reapproved 2016) D5265 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Bridge Impact Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5265; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is intended to determine the capability of a long package with a narrow cross-section to resist impact near
its center when the package is supported only at its ends. This test method allows the user to select from two test options: Option
A employs the use of a free-fall drop tester (see Exhibit B), and Option B employs the use of simulated mechanical impact testing
equipment (S.M.I.T.E.; see Exhibit A). The two optional procedures are designed to impart the same amount of kinetic energy at
impact; therefore, each procedure yields equal damage-producing potential.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems,concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D644 Test Method for Moisture Content of Paper and Paperboard by Oven Drying (Withdrawn 2010)
D685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products for Testing
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environments
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or
Process
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—The terms and definitions used in this test method may be found in Terminology D996.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping Containers and
Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016March 15, 2023. Published June 2016April 2023. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20092016 as
D5265 – 09.D5265 – 09 (2016). DOI: 10.1520/D5265-09R16.10.1520/D5265-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D5265 − 23
3.2.1 elongated package—package, n—a package that is long in proportion to width and thickness, with lengths greater or equal
to 36 in. (914 mm) and each of the other two dimensions 20 % or less of the longest dimension.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Materials shipped in elongated packages are liable to damage as a result of impact near their midpoint when only the ends are
supported. This type of damage can occur during the shipment of packaging of mixed dimensions. It is particularly prevalent during
conveyer line transport and sortation. This test method provides a means of determining resistance to such damage.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Option A—Free-Fall Drop Tester, conforming to the conditions specified in 10.2.1 (see Fig. 1).
5.1.1 Impactor, composed of a hardwood, with a mass of 9 6 0.4 lbThe impactor shall have a mass of 9 lb 6 0.4 lb (4.1 kg (4.1
w
6 0.2 kg6 0.2 kg ) and dimensions of 12 × 12 × 12 in. (300 × 300 × 300 mm). 12 in. × 12 in. × 12 in. (300 mm × 300 mm ×
w
300 mm). The impact
...