ASTM D4469-01(2006)
(Test Method)Standard Practice for Calculating Percent Asphalt Absorption by the Aggregate in an Asphalt Pavement Mixture
Standard Practice for Calculating Percent Asphalt Absorption by the Aggregate in an Asphalt Pavement Mixture
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The amount of asphalt absorbed by the aggregate contributes little or nothing to the durability of an asphalt pavement in service other than possibly providing greater resistance to stripping in the presence of water.
Percent asphalt absorption can be an indicator of changes that may occur in plant mix production during construction.
The calculated percent asphalt absorption can be used for calculating percent air voids during paving mixture design.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers equations for calculating percent asphalt absorption by the aggregate in an asphalt paving mixture, expressed as percent of the oven-dry mass of the aggregate in the paving mixture. This calculation is based on measured values for components and properties of an oven-dry asphalt paving mixture.
This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:D4469–01 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Practice for
Calculating Percent Asphalt Absorption by the Aggregate in
an Asphalt Pavement Mixture
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4469; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This practice covers equations for calculating percent 3.1 The percent asphalt absorption for an oven-dry paving
asphalt absorption by the aggregate in an asphalt paving mixture(expressedaspercentoftheoven-drymassofthetotal
mixture, expressed as percent of the oven-dry mass of the aggregateinthepavingmixture)canbecalculatedbymeansof
aggregate in the paving mixture. This calculation is based on equations in which measured values for the theoretical maxi-
measuredvaluesforcomponentsandpropertiesofanoven-dry mumspecificgravityofanoven-drypavingmixture,itsasphalt
asphalt paving mixture. content (expressed either as percent of the total mass of a
1.2 This practice does not purport to address all of the sample of oven-dry paving mixture, or as percent of the mass
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the of oven-dry aggregate in a sample of oven-dry paving mix-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- ture), the apparent specific gravity of the asphalt and the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- weighted averageASTM bulk specific gravity of the oven-dry
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. total aggregate in the paving mixture (Note 1), has been
substituted.
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—Whenever it is referred to in this practice, the phrase,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
“weighted average ASTM oven-dry bulk specific gravity of the aggre-
C127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
gate,” refers to the weighted average of theASTM oven-dry bulk specific
Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
gravities of the coarse and fine aggregates as determined byTest Methods
C127 and C128. The fine aggregate ordinarily includes the mineral dust
C128 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
portion of the fine aggregate that passes the No. 200 sieve. The weighted
Gravity), and Absorption of Fine Aggregate
averageASTM oven-dry bulk specific gravity of the total aggregate is to
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
be calculated by means of the equation given in the calculation section of
Aggregates
Test Method C127.
D1560 Test Methods for Resistance to Deformation and
Cohesion of Bituminous Mixtures by Means of Hveem
4. Significance and Use
Apparatus
4.1 The amount of asphalt absorbed by the aggregate
D2041 Test Method for Theoretical Maximum Specific
contributes little or nothing to the durability of an asphalt
Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures
pavement in service other than possibly providing greater
D2172 Test Methods for Quantitative Extraction of Bitu-
resistance to stripping in the presence of water.
men From Bituminous Paving Mixtures
4.2 Percent asphalt absorption can be an indicator of
D3289 Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid and Solid
changes that may occur in plant mix production during
Bituminous Materials (Nickel Crucible Method)
construction.
4.3 The calculated percent asphalt absorption can be used
for calculating percent air voids during paving mixture design.
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D04 on Road and
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.51 on
Aggregate Tests. 5. Procedure
Current edition approved June 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originally
5.1 Determine percent asphalt absorption by the aggregate
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D4469–01. DOI:
in a paving mixture for a sample of oven-dried paving mixture
10.1520/D4469-01R06.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
that is prepared in a laboratory, taken from a pavement, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
obtained for quality control during construction.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D4469–01 (2006)
5.2 Establish percent asphalt absorption by the aggregate in 6.2 Paving Mixtures for Which Asphalt Content is Ex-
a sample of oven-dried paving mixture from values for the pressed as Percent of the Mass of the Oven-Dry Total Aggre-
sample that have been obtained in accordance with the follow- gate in a Sample of Oven-Dry Paving Mixture.
ing ASTM test methods: 6.2.1 When the values for the various items in 5.2 become
5.2.1 Test Method D2041, theoretical maximum specific available, calculate the asphalt absorption as percent of the
gravity of the sample of oven-dry paving mixture. oven-dry mass of the aggregate in the sample of oven-dry
paving mixture by substituting the relevant values in the
5.2.2 Test Methods D2172, asphalt content. For samples of
paving mixture obtained for quality control during construc- following equation:
tion, or taken from a pavement, determine the asphalt content
P G 100 1 P ! G !
~ ~
aac ac aac ac
Aac 5100 1 2 (2)
F G
of each sample by Test Methods D2172. For samples of
100 G 100 G
ag tm
hot-mixed asphalt paving mixture prepared in the laboratory
where:
with oven-dried aggregate according to Test Method D1560,
P = asphalt content as percent of the mass of
usetheasphaltcontentthatwasaddedduringthepreparationof aac
the oven-dry total aggregate in a sample of
the paving mixture.
oven-dry paving mixture.
5.2.3 Test Method D3289, the apparent specific gravity of
and = the other symbols have the significance
the asphalt in the sample of paving mixture.
designated for them in 6.1.1.
5.2.4 Test Methods C127 and C128, the respective ASTM
dry bulk specific gravities of the coarse and fine aggregates in
the sample of paving mixture.
NOTE 2—The calculated percent asphalt absorption increases with an
5.2.5 Test Method C136, to establish the percentages of increase in theoretical maximum specific gravity of a paving mixture,
increases with an increase in its asphalt content, decreases with an
coarse and fine aggregates employed for or recovered from the
increaseintheapparentspecificgravityoftheasphalt,anddecreaseswith
sample of paving mixture, and thereby enable the weighted
an increase in the total aggregate’s weighted average ASTM oven-dry
average ASTM oven-dry bulk specific gravity for the total
bulk specific gravity.
aggregate in the sample of paving mixture to be calculated
(using the equation given in the calculation section of Test
7. Report
Method C127).
7.1 Report asphalt absorption as percent of the oven-dry
mass of the total aggregate in the sample of oven-dry paving
6. Calculation
mixture to the nearest 0.1%. The precision of the reported
6.1 Paving Mixtures for Which Asphalt Content is Ex-
valueforpercentasphaltabsorptiondependsontheaccuracyof
pressed as Percent by Mass of the Total Mix in a Sample of the value measured for each of the four variables that are
Oven-Dry Paving Mixture:
includedineitherEq1orEq2.Errorsinthesemeasuredvalues
6.1.1 When the values for the various items in 5.2 become can have a major influence on the value for percent asphalt
available, calculate the asphalt absorption as percent of the
absorption. The influence of these errors on the calculated
oven-drymassofthetotalaggregateinthesampleofoven-dry valueforpercentasphaltabsorptionisillustratedbythedatain
paving mixture, by substituting the relevant values in the
X1.2.1 in Appendix X1.
following equation: 7.2 Report the value for each of the four variables that are
included either in Eq 1 or Eq 2 as follows:
P G 100G
tac ac ac
Aac 5100 1 2 (1)
F G
7.2.1 Theoretical maximum specific gravity of the oven-dry
100 2 P G 100 2 P G
~ !
tac ag tac tm
sample of paving mixture.
where:
7.2.2 Asphaltcontentaspercentofthemassoftheoven-dry
Aac = absorbedasphaltaspercentbymassoftheoven-dry
sample of paving mixture, Eq 1, or asphalt conten
...
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