ASTM D6496/D6496M-20

Standard Test Method for Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay Liners

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The bonding strength test for the top and bottom layers of the geosynthetic clay liner is intended to be an index test. It is anticipated that the results of the test will be used to evaluate the quality of the bonding process.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of the average bonding strength between the top and bottom layers of a sample of a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL).  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2020
• ICS: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
• Technical Committee: D35 - Geosynthetics
• Drafting Committee: D35.04 - Geosynthetic Clay Liners

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6496/D6496M − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top
and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay
1
Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6496/D6496M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D6072/D6072M Practice for Obtaining Samples of Geosyn-
thetic Clay Liners
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of
the average bonding strength between the top and bottom
3. Terminology
layers of a sample of a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL).
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1.1 geosynthetic clay liner, n—a manufactured hydraulic
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
barrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layers of
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
geosynthetic material(s). D4439
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
3.2 For terminology of other terms used in this test method,
with the standard.
refer to Terminologies D123 and D4439.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 The top and bottom layers of a geosynthetic clay liner
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
are gripped individually in tensile grips and pulled at a constant
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
rate of extension by a tensile testing machine until the top and
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
bottom layers of the specimen separate. The average bonding
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
peel strength of the test specimen can be calculated from
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
machine scales, dials, recording charts, or an interface com-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
puter.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The bonding strength test for the top and bottom layers
2. Referenced Documents
of the geosynthetic clay liner is intended to be an index test. It
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
is anticipated that the results of the test will be used to evaluate
D76/D76M Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for
the quality of the bonding process.
Textiles
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
6. Atmospheric Conditions
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
6.1 Atmospheric Conditions:
D5889/D5889M Practice for Quality Control of Geosyn-
6.1.1 The atmospheric conditions of the laboratory deter-
thetic Clay Liners
mining average bonding peel strength between top and bottom
layers of needle-punched geosynthetic clay liners shall be:
relative humidity between 50 to 70 % and a temperature of 21
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
6 2 °C [70 6 4 °F].
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosyn-
thetic Clay Liners.
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published May 2020. Originally
7. Apparatus
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D6496/D6496M – 19.
DOI: 10.1520/D6496_D6496M-20.
7.1 Tensile Testing Machine—A constant rate of extension
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
(CRE) type of testing machine described in Specification
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
D76/D76M shall be used with a minimum precision measuring
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
–4
the ASTM website. capability of 0.1 N/m [5.71 × 10 lbf/in.].
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D6496/D6496M − 20
7.2 Clamps—The clamps shall be a minimum 25 by 10. Procedure
100 mm [1 by 4 in.] and with appropriate clamping power to
10.1 Obtain Specimens—Using the die, or template and
prevent slipping or crushing (damage).
razor, and other necessary apparatus, carefully cut from the
7.3 Die or Template, 100 by 200 mm (61 mm) [4 by 8 in.].
laboratory sample five test specimens. The five specimens
should be randomly selected from locations on the sample, but
7.4 Miscellaneous—Knives, razor, and the like, as required.
should be distributed across the sample. All spe
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6496/D6496M − 19 D6496/D6496M − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top
and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay
1
Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6496/D6496M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of the average bonding strength between the top and bottom layers of
a sample of a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL).
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D76/D76M Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D5889/D5889M Practice for Quality Control of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
D6072/D6072M Practice for Obtaining Samples of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 geosynthetic clay liner, n—a manufactured hydraulic barrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layers of geosynthetic
material(s). D4439
3.2 For terminology of other terms used in this test method, refer to Terminologies D123 and D4439.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The top and bottom layers of a geosynthetic clay liner are gripped individually in tensile grips and pulled at a constant rate
of extension by a tensile testing machine until the top and bottom layers of the specimen separate. The average bonding peel
strength of the test specimen can be calculated from machine scales, dials, recording charts, or an interface computer.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The bonding strength test for the top and bottom layers of the geosynthetic clay liner is intended to be an index test. It is
anticipated that the results of the test will be used to evaluate the quality of the bonding process.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic Clay
Liners.
Current edition approved May 1, 2019May 1, 2020. Published May 2019May 2020. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20182019 as
D6496/D6496M – 18.D6496/D6496M – 19. DOI: 10.1520/D6496_D6496M-19.10.1520/D6496_D6496M-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6496/D6496M − 20
6. Atmospheric Conditions
6.1 Atmospheric Conditions:
6.1.1 The atmospheric conditions of the laboratory determining average bonding peel strength between top and bottom layers
of needle-punched geosynthetic clay liners shall be: relative humidity between 50 to 70 % and a temperature of 21 6 2 °C [70 6
4 °F].
7. Apparatus
7.1 Tensile Testing Machine—A constant rate of extension (CRE) type of testing machine described in Specification D76/D76M
–4
shall be used with a minimum precision measuring capability of 0.1 N/m [5.71 × 10 lbf/in.].
7.2 Clamps—The clamps shall be a minimum 25 by 100 mm [1 by 4 in.] and with appropriate clamping power to prevent
slipping or crushing (damage).
7.3 Die or Template, 100 by 200 mm (61 mm) [4 by 8 in.].
7.4 Miscellaneous—K
...