ASTM D3746/D3746M-85(2015)e1

Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Bituminous Roofing Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a means of evaluating roofing systems for resistance to impact loads of many kinds. It should also be useful in developing performance criteria for roofing systems.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of bituminous roofing systems to impact loads at any desired temperature, with a missile of the weight, size, and shape specified herein.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2015
• ICS: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
• Technical Committee: D08 - Roofing and Waterproofing
• Drafting Committee: D08.20 - Roofing Membrane Systems

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D3746/D3746M −85 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Impact Resistance of Bituminous Roofing Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3746/D3746M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Units information was editorially corrected in November 2015.
1. Scope [22 lbf·ft]. Damage to the membrane is assessed by visual
examination of the felts after solvent extraction of the bitumen.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resis-
3.2 The effect of specimen temperature on impact resistance
tance of bituminous roofing systems to impact loads at any
canbestudiedbyrunningthetestinanenvironmental chamber
desired temperature, with a missile of the weight, size, and
at any desired temperature.
shape specified herein.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4. Significance and Use
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
4.1 This test method provides a means of evaluating roofing
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
systems for resistance to impact loads of many kinds. It should
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
also be useful in developing performance criteria for roofing
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
systems.
with the standard.
5. Apparatus
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 Vertical Guide Tube, 1.22 m [4.0 ft] long by 60 mm
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
[2 ⁄8 in.] in inside diameter, suitably positioned over a 610-mm
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
[24-in.] square, horizontal test table constructed of wood 2 by
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4s on edge, through-bolted and fitted with a centering jig to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
ensure proper alignment of the specimen beneath the guide
precautionary statements, see Section 6.
tube (see Fig. 1). The guide tube is adjustable in height to
2. Referenced Documents accommodate differing specimen thicknesses and maintain
2 constant missile impact energy. Provision is made at the top of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the guide tube to support the missile during alignment of the
D2829 Practice for Sampling and Analysis of Existing
specimen, and for instantaneous release of the missile to
Built-Up Roof Systems
free-fall within the guide tube until contact is made with the
specimen. Gravel screens are attached to the edges of the test
3. Summary of Test Method
table to retain any loose gravel that might fly from the impact
3.1 This test method subjects 305 by 305-mm [12 by 12-in.]
area.
specimens of a roofing system (insulation and membrane
5.2 Missile (see Fig. 2), consisting of a steel cylinder 50 mm
complete with top surfacing) to a series of four impacts, one in
[2 in.] in diameter by 150 mm [6 in.] long, with a case-
each quadrant, from a standard missile falling freely from a
hardened hemispherical head. The mass of the missile is
predetermined height with an impact energy of 30.0 J
adjusted to 2.27 kg [5.0 lb] by the addition of lead shot to a
cavity machined into the cylindrical portion and sealed with a
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofing screw cap.
and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.20 on
Roofing Membrane Systems. 6. Safety Precautions
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally
6.1 Employ suitable devices for eye protection when carry-
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3746 – 85 (2008).
ing out steps in 10.1 – 10.7.3.
DOI: 10.1520/D3746_D3746M-85R15E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.2 Use a fume hood when extracting specimens with 1,1,1
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
trichloroethane or xylene in 10.7.3.Trichloroethane and xylene
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. are toxic and good ventilation should be provided.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D3746/D3746M − 85 (2015)
FIG. 2 Steel Missile
FIG. 1 Guide Tube, Test Table, and Centering Jig
7. Sampling
305-mm [12 by 12-in.] metal template as described in Practice
7.1 Field Samples—Cut test specimens directly from an
D2829 and shall include all of the aggregate and insulation in
actual roof, following the instructions in 8.1. Package each
the area of the specimen. Any loose aggregate must be
specimen separately in a sealed plastic bag.
distributed evenly over the surface of the specimen prior to
7.2 Laboratory Samples:
testing.
7.2.1 Condition all components at 50 6 5 % relative hu-
NOTE 1—When the roofing system sp
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D3746 − 85 (Reapproved 2008) D3746/D3746M − 85 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Impact Resistance of Bituminous Roofing Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3746;D3746/D3746M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Units information was editorially corrected in November 2015.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of bituminous roofing systems to impact loads at any desired
temperature, with a missile of the weight, size, and shape specified herein.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values given in
parentheses are for information only. stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2829 Practice for Sampling and Analysis of Existing Built-Up Roof Systems
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 This test method subjects 305 by 305-mm (12[12 by 12-in.)12-in.] specimens of a roofing system (insulation and membrane
complete with top surfacing) to a series of four impacts, one in each quadrant, from a standard missile falling freely from a
predetermined height with an impact energy of 30.0 J (22 lbf·ft). [22 lbf·ft]. Damage to the membrane is assessed by visual
examination of the felts after solvent extraction of the bitumen.
3.2 The effect of specimen temperature on impact resistance can be studied by running the test in an environmental chamber
at any desired temperature.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method provides a means of evaluating roofing systems for resistance to impact loads of many kinds. It should also
be useful in developing performance criteria for roofing systems.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Vertical Guide Tube, 1.22 m (4.0 ft)[4.0 ft] long by 60 mm (2[2 ⁄8 in.) in.] in inside diameter, suitably positioned over a
610-mm (24-in.)[24-in.] square, horizontal test table constructed of wood 2 by 4s on edge, through-bolted and fitted with a
centering jig to ensure proper alignment of the specimen beneath the guide tube (see Fig. 1). The guide tube is adjustable in height
to accommodate differing specimen thicknesses and maintain constant missile impact energy. Provision is made at the top of the
guide tube to support the missile during alignment of the specimen, and for instantaneous release of the missile to free-fall within
the guide tube until contact is made with the specimen. Gravel screens are attached to the edges of the test table to retain any loose
gravel that might fly from the impact area.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.20 on Roofing
Membrane Systems.
Current edition approved May 1, 2008Nov. 1, 2015. Published June 2008December 2015. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 as
D3746 – 85 (2002).(2008). DOI: 10.1520/D3746-85R08.10.1520/D3746_D3746M-85R15E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D3746/D3746M − 85 (2015)
FIG. 1 Guide Tube, Test Table, and Centering Jig
5.2 Missile (see Fig. 2), consisting of a steel cylinder 50 mm (2 in.)[2 in.] in diameter by 150 mm (6 in.)[6 in.] long, with a
case-hardened hemispherical head. The mass of the missile is adjusted to 2.27 kg (5.0 lb)[5.0 lb] by the addition of lead shot to
a cavity machined into the cylindrical portion and sealed with a screw cap.
6. Safety Precautions
6.1 Employ suitable devices for eye protection when carrying out steps in 10.1 – 10.7.3.
6.2 Use a fume hood when extracting specimens with 1,1,1 trichloroethane or xylene in 10.7.3. Trichloroethane and xylene are
toxic and good ventilation should be provided.
7. Sampling
7.1 Field Samples—Cut test specimens directly from an actual roof, following the instructions in 8.1. Package each specimen
separately in a sealed plastic bag.
7.2 Laboratory Samples:
7.2.1 Condition all components at 50 6 5 % relative humidity and 25 6 1°C (77[77 6 2°F)2°F] for 24 h prior to constructing
the sample membrane.
...