ASTM D5380-93(2021)

Standard Test Method for Identification of Crystalline Pigments and Extenders in Paint by X-Ray Diffraction Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The choice of pigments and extenders influences the appearance, durability, cost, and other properties of paint. This test method is a convenient way, and probably the most reliable, to identify pigments in paint.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the identification of crystalline pigments and extenders in liquid paint and dry paint film. It is applicable to both water-reducible and solvent-reducible paint. It also may be used to identify pigment and extender in grind paste or alone as dry powder. It is not applicable to amorphous components such as carbon black, amorphous silica, or highly processed clay.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 6.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2021
• ICS: 87.060.10 - Pigments and extenders
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.21 - Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5380 −93 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Test Method for
Identification of Crystalline Pigments and Extenders in Paint
1
by X-Ray Diffraction Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5380; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Whether the substance is present alone or in a mixture, it
produces its pattern independently and can be identified by it.
1.1 This test method covers the identification of crystalline
An X-ray diffraction pattern of a sample is recorded. Each
pigments and extenders in liquid paint and dry paint film. It is
crystalline substance in the sample is identified by the
applicable to both water-reducible and solvent-reducible paint.
Hanawalt or Fink method or other systematic procedure based
It also may be used to identify pigment and extender in grind
on comparison of the diffraction pattern of the sample with
paste or alone as dry powder. It is not applicable to amorphous
3,4,5
reference patterns of standards.
components such as carbon black, amorphous silica, or highly
processed clay.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 The choice of pigments and extenders influences the
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
appearance, durability, cost, and other properties of paint.This
standard.
test method is a convenient way, and probably the most
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
reliable, to identify pigments in paint.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 5. Apparatus
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
5.1 X-ray Diffractometer, suitable for collecting intensity
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
versus two theta (20) angle diffraction patterns in the range
Specific hazard statements are given in Section 6.
from 5° to 65° 20. It is preferred that the diffractometer be
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
equippedwithacoppertargetX-raytubeandamonochromator
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
that passes only copper K-alpha radiation. If a monochromator
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
is not available, then a suitable filter may be used to remove
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
copper K-beta radiation from the diffracted X-ray beam. A
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
nickel filter may be used for this purpose when a copper target
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
tube is employed.
2. Referenced Documents NOTE 1—Follow the recommendations of the manufacturer of the
diffractometer used.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 Liquid Paint or Grind Paste:
D3925Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related
5.2.1 Paint Shaker.
Pigmented Coatings
5.2.2 Film Applicator, that will produce a 3- to 10-mil (75-
to 250 µm) wet film thickness.
3. Summary of Test Method
5.2.3 Plastic Sheet, such as polyester film, that contains no
3.1 Every crystalline substance, in this case pigment or
crystalline components that would produce interfering X-ray
extender, has a characteristic X-ray diffraction pattern.
diffraction peaks and is not attacked by paint solvent.
5.2.4 Perforated Suction Plate or other flat surface.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
5.3 Paint Chips or Pigment Powder:
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
5.3.1 Miniature Reciprocating Ball Mill.
Subcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2021. Published February 2021. Originally
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5380–93(2014).
3
DOI: 10.1520/D5380-93R21. Search Manual, (Hanawalt), “Inorganic Phases,” International Centre for
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or DiffractionData,(ICDD),CatalogNo.HA42,NewtownSquareCorporateCampus,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM 12 Campus Blvd., Newtown Square, PA19073-3273.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Search Manual, (Fink), “Inorganic Phases,” ICDD.
5
the ASTM website. “Powder Diffraction File, Inorganic,” ICDD.
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