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ASTM D444-88(2020)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc Yellow Pigment (Zinc Chromate Yellow)

Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc Yellow Pigment (Zinc Chromate Yellow)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method has been developed to standardize the chemical analysis of zinc chromate yellow pigment and to provide alternate methods of analysis for chromium and zinc.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of the pigment known commercially as “zinc yellow” or “zinc chromate yellow.”  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
7  
Combined Water  
8  
Chromium:  
Dichromate Method  
9 – 11  
Thiosulfate Method  
9, 12, and 13  
Zinc:  
Hydroxyquinoline Method  
9, 14, and 15  
Ferrocyanide Method  
9, 16, and 17  
Alkaline Salts  
18 and 19  
Sulfates  
20 and 21  
Chlorides  
22 and 23  
Matter Insoluble in Dilute Acetic
Acid  
24  
Coarse Particles  
25  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be considered the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-May-2020
ICS
87.060.10 - Pigments and extenders
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.31 - Pigment Specifications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Referred By
ASTM D3970-05(2023) - Standard Test Method for Cerium in Paint Driers by Oxidimetric Determination
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020
Referred By
ASTM D1845-86(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Strontium Chromate Pigment
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020

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ASTM D444-88(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc Yellow Pigment (Zinc Chromate Yellow)ASTM D444-88(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc Yellow Pigment (Zinc Chromate Yellow)
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ASTM D444-88(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc Yellow Pigment (Zinc Chromate Yellow)
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D444 − 88 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Methods for
Chemical Analysis of Zinc Yellow Pigment (Zinc Chromate
1
Yellow)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D444; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical
analysis of the pigment known commercially as “zinc yellow”
2. Referenced Documents
or “zinc chromate yellow.”
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:
D185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
Sections
D280 Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter 7
Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
Combined Water 8
D478 Specification for Zinc Yellow (Zinc Chromate) Pig-
Chromium:
Dichromate Method 9–11
ments
Thiosulfate Method 9, 12, and 13
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
Zinc:
Hydroxyquinoline Method 9, 14, and 15 E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
Ferrocyanide Method 9, 16, and 17
Sieves
Alkaline Salts 18 and 19
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-
Sulfates 20 and 21
Chlorides 22 and 23 erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and
Matter Insoluble in Dilute Acetic 24
Related Materials
Acid
Coarse Particles 25
3. Significance and Use
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be considered the
3.1 This test method has been developed to standardize the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
chemical analysis of zinc chromate yellow pigment and to
only.
provide alternate methods of analysis for chromium and zinc.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 4. Preparation of Sample
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Mix the laboratory sample thoroughly. Take a sufficient
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
quantity for the chemical analyses and pass it through a
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
180-µm (No. 80) sieve, grinding in a mortar if necessary.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
NOTE 1—Detailed requirements for this sieve are given in Specification
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
E11.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5. Reagents
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Unless otherwise indicated, it is
intended that all reagents shall conform to the specifications of
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct
2
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.31 on Pigment Specifications. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D444 – 88 (2014). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D0444-88R20. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D444 − 88 (2020)
solution is not clarified by this treatment, extract a portion of the original
theCommitteeonAnalyticalReagentsoftheAmericanChemi-
3
sample with a solvent such as chloroform before the analysis is begun.
cal Society, where such specifications are available. Other
grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the
CHROMIUM BY THE DICHROMATE TEST
reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without
METHOD
lessening the accuracy of the determination.
5.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references 10. Reagents
to water for use in the preparation of reagents and in analytical
10.1 Ferrous Ammonium Sulfate Solution—Dissolve 80 g of
procedures shall conform to Type II reagent water, in Specifi-
ferrous ammonium sulfate (FeSO · (NH ) SO ·6H O) in 50
4 4 2 4 2
cation D1193.
mL of H SO (sp gr 1.84) and enough water to make 1 L
...

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Method  
Refer-  
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ences  
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These test methods establish the standard procedures for determining the hygroscopic moisture (and other matter volatile under the test conditions) in pigments. Method A shall be performed on pigments that do not decompose at a specified temperature. This method shall require the use of a wide-mouth cylindrical glass weighing bottle, an oven, and an analytical balance. Method B, on the other hand, shall be used for pigments that decompose at the same specified temperature. This method shall also need a wide-mouth cylindrical glass weighing bottle, an open-tube manometer, a glass desiccator, an oil vacuum pump, and an analytical balance.
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