ASTM F1231-23
(Guide)Standard Guide for Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments, Rivers and Creeks
Standard Guide for Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments, Rivers and Creeks
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This guide is meant to aid response teams who may use it during spill response planning and spill events.
3.2 This guide should be adapted to site-specific circumstances.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of oil spill dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills. This guide is written with the goal of minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is the basis on which the recommendations are made. Aesthetic and socioeconomic factors are not considered, although these and other factors are often important in spill response.
1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control or clean up spilled oil. Chemical dispersants should be given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures.
1.3 This is a general guide only. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and refined petroleum products. Differences between individual dispersants or between different oil products are not considered. The dispersibility of the oil with the chosen dispersant should be evaluated.
1.4 This guide is organized by habitat type, for example, small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It considers the use of dispersants primarily to protect habitats from impact (or to minimize impacts).
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland environments. It does not consider the direct application of dispersants to subsurface waters.
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.
1.7 This guide does not address getting regulatory approval.
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1231 − 23
Standard Guide for
Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill
Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments,
1
Rivers and Creeks
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1231; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This guide covers the use of oil spill dispersants to assist
1.10 This international standard was developed in accor-
in the control of oil spills. This guide is written with the goal
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
of minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
is the basis on which the recommendations are made. Aesthetic
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
and socioeconomic factors are not considered, although these
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
and other factors are often important in spill response.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control
or clean up spilled oil. Chemical dispersants should be given
2. Referenced Documents
equal consideration with other spill countermeasures. 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 This is a general guide only. Oil, as used in this guide,
F2532 Guide for Determining Net Environmental Benefit of
includes crude oils and refined petroleum products. Differences Dispersant Use
between individual dispersants or between different oil prod-
3. Significance and Use
ucts are not considered. The dispersibility of the oil with the
chosen dispersant should be evaluated.
3.1 This guide is meant to aid response teams who may use
it during spill response planning and spill events.
1.4 This guide is organized by habitat type, for example,
small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It
3.2 This guide should be adapted to site-specific circum-
considers the use of dispersants primarily to protect habitats
stances.
from impact (or to minimize impacts).
4. Environment Covered—Rivers and Creeks
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland
4.1 Rivers and creeks are moving bodies of fresh water that
environments. It does not consider the direct application of
dispersants to subsurface waters. are a significant part of major water systems. They have a
dynamic near-shore ecology and a wide variety of animal and
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate govern-
plant species. In northern regions, these water bodies may be
ment authorities should be consulted as required by law.
partly or completely ice covered during part of the year.
1.7 This guide does not address getting regulatory approval.
Shallow rivers and most creeks may freeze to the bottom in the
winter. Commercially important fishing and recreational activi-
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
ties are frequently associated with these water bodies.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
4.2 Rivers generally refer to large bodies of moving water,
whereas creeks are smaller bodies of flowing water.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.3 The characteristics of these water bodies are:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.3.1 Flowing water,
4.3.2 Water depths in excess of 1 m is designated as a river,
shallower would be a creek,
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous
Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
F20.13 on Treatment. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as F1231 – 19. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F1231-23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1231 − 23
4.3.3 A low organic content bottom except in shallow near 6.2 Guide F2532 should be followed be
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1231 − 19 F1231 − 23
Standard Guide for
Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill
Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments,
1
Rivers and Creeks
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1231; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers the use of oil spill dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills. This guide is written with the goal of
minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is the basis on which the recommendations are made. Aesthetic and
socioeconomic factors are not considered, although these and other factors are often important in spill response.
1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control or clean up spilled oil. In this guide, the use of dispersants is Chemical
dispersants should be given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures. It is not considered as “last resort” after all other
methods have failed.
1.3 This is a general guide only. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and refined petroleum products. Differences between
individual dispersants or between different oil products are not considered. The dispersibility of the oil with the chosen dispersant
should be evaluated.
1.4 This guide is organized by habitat type, for example, small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It considers the use
of dispersants primarily to protect habitats from impact (or to minimize impacts).
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland environments. It does not consider the direct application of dispersants
to subsurface waters.
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.
1.7 This guide does not address getting regulatory approvalapproval.
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F20.13
on Treatment.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2019Dec. 1, 2023. Published August 2019December 2023. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20142019
as F1231F1231 – 19. –14. DOI: 10.1520/F1231-19.10.1520/F1231-23.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1231 − 23
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F2532 Guide for Determining Net Environmental Benefit of Dispersant Use
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This guide is meant to aid response teams who may use it during spill response planning and spill events.
3.2 This guide should be adapted to site-specific circumstances.
4. Environment Covered—Rivers and Creeks
4.1 Rivers and creeks are moving bodies of fresh water that are a significant part of major water systems. They have a dynamic
near-shore ecology and a wide variety of animal and plant species. In northern regions, these water bodies may be partly or
completely ice covered during part of the year. Shallow rivers and most creeks may freeze to the bottom in the winter.
Commercially important fishing and recreational activities are frequently associated with these water bodies.
4.2 Rivers generally refer to large bodies of moving water, whereas creeks are smaller bodies of flowing water.
4.3 The characteristics of these water bodies are:
4.3.1 Flowing water,
4.3.2 Water depths in excess of 1 m is designated as a river, shallower would be a creek,
4.3.3 A low organic content bottom except in sha
...
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