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ASTM D6917-03(2011)

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)

Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
To properly evaluate prefabricated vertical drains, tests must be performed according to specific test methods and procedures. Failure to follow this practice can result in data not representative of the product's characteristics and performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides recommendations for the selection of appropriate test methods for prefabricated vertical geocomposite drains (sometimes referred to as Wick Drains) used in geotechnical engineering applications to provide consistency in data reporting.
1.2 This guide includes test methods for all types of prefabricated geocomposite drains manufactured in a plant and consisting of a polymeric core structure with a synthetic fabric (geotextile) jacket for filtration.
1.3 This guide is intended to aid all personnel involved in the selection, manufacture, installation, or evaluation of prefabricated vertical drains.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2011
ICS
91.060.20 - Roofs
Technical Committee
D35 - Geosynthetics
Drafting Committee
D35.03 - Permeability and Filtration
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6917-03(2007) - Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2011

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ASTM D6917-03(2011) - Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)ASTM D6917-03(2011) - Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)
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ASTM D6917-03(2011) - Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6917 − 03(Reapproved 2011)
Standard Guide for
Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains
(PVD)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6917; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4716 Test Method for Determining the (In-plane) Flow
Rate per Unit Width and Hydraulic Transmissivity of a
1.1 This guide provides recommendations for the selection
Geosynthetic Using a Constant Head
of appropriate test methods for prefabricated vertical geocom-
D4751 Test Method for DeterminingApparent Opening Size
posite drains (sometimes referred to as Wick Drains) used in
of a Geotextile
geotechnicalengineeringapplicationstoprovideconsistencyin
D4884 Test Method for Strength of Sewn or Thermally
data reporting.
Bonded Seams of Geotextiles
1.2 This guide includes test methods for all types of
D4886 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Geotextiles
prefabricated geocomposite drains manufactured in a plant and
(Sand Paper/Sliding Block Method)
consisting of a polymeric core structure with a synthetic fabric
D5101 Test Method for Measuring the Soil-Geotextile Sys-
(geotextile) jacket for filtration.
tem Clogging Potential by the Gradient Ratio
D5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thickness
1.3 This guide is intended to aid all personnel involved in
the selection, manufacture, installation, or evaluation of pre- of Geosynthetics
D5261 Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area of
fabricated vertical drains.
Geotextiles
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D5322 Practice for Laboratory Immersion Procedures for
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Evaluating the Chemical Resistance of Geosynthetics to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Liquids
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D5493 Test Method for Permittivity of Geotextiles Under
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Load
D5567 Test Method for Hydraulic Conductivity Ratio
2. Referenced Documents
(HCR) Testing of Soil/Geotextile Systems
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5819 Guide for Selecting Test Methods for Experimental
D3786 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile
Evaluation of Geosynthetic Durability
Fabrics—Diaphragm Bursting Strength Tester Method
D6241 Test Method for the Static Puncture Strength of
D4491 Test Methods for Water Permeability of Geotextiles
Geotextiles and Geotextile-Related Products Using a
by Permittivity
50-mm Probe
D4533 Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geo-
D6364 Test Method for Determining Short-Term Compres-
textiles
sion Behavior of Geosynthetics
D4632 Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation
D6389 Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resis-
of Geotextiles
tance of Geotextiles to Liquids
3. Terminology
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics
and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.03 on Permeability and 3.1 Definitions:
Filtration.
3.1.1 geocomposite, n—a product composed of two or more
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2011.PublishedJuly2011.Originallyapproved
materials, at least one of which is a geosynthetic.
in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D6917–03(2007). DOI:
10.1520/D6917-03R11.
3.1.2 geosynthetic, n—a planar product manufactured from
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other geo-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
technical engineering related material as an integral part of a
Standards volume information, refer to the
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 To properly evaluate prefabricated vertical drains, tests must be performed according to specific test methods and procedures. Failure to follow this practice can result in data not representative of the product's characteristics and performance.
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1.1 This guide provides recommendations for the selection of appropriate test methods for prefabricated vertical geocomposite drains (sometimes referred to as wick drains) used in geotechnical engineering applications to provide consistency in data reporting.  
1.2 This guide includes test methods for all types of prefabricated geocomposite drains manufactured in a plant and consisting of a polymeric core structure with a synthetic fabric (geotextile) jacket for filtration.  
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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5.1 The solar reflectance of a building envelope surface affects surface temperature and near-surface ambient air temperature. Surfaces with low solar reflectance absorb a high fraction of the incoming solar energy. Sunlight absorbed by a roof or by other building envelope surfaces can be conducted into the building, increasing cooling load and decreasing heating load in a conditioned building, or raising indoor temperature in an unconditioned building. It can also warm the outside air by convection. Determination of solar reflectance can help designers and consumers choose appropriate materials for their buildings and communities.  
5.1.1 The solar reflectance of a new building envelope surface often changes within one to two years through deposition and retention of soot and dust; microbiological growth; exposure to sunlight, precipitation, and dew; and other processes of soiling and weathering. For example, light-colored “cool” envelope surfaces with high initial reflectance can experience substantial reflectance loss as they are covered with dark soiling agents. Current product rating programs require roofing manufacturers to report values of solar reflectance and thermal emittance measured after three years of natural exposure (2, 3). A rapid laboratory process for soiling and weathering that simulates the three-year-aged radiative properties of roof and other building envelope surface materials expedites the development, testing, and introduction to market of such products.  
5.2 Thermal emittance describes the efficiency with which a surface exchanges thermal radiation with its environment. High thermal emittance enhances the ability of a surface to stay cool in the sun. The thermal emittance of a bare metal surface is initially low, and often increases as it is soiled or oxidized (4). The thermal emittance of a typical non-metal surface is initially high, and remains high after soiling (5).  
5.3 This practice allows measurement of the solar reflectance a...
SCOPE
1.1 Practice D7897 applies to simulation of the effects of field exposure on the solar reflectance and thermal emittance of roof surface materials including but not limited to field-applied coatings, factory-applied coatings, single-ply membranes, modified bitumen products, shingles, tiles, and metal products. The solar reflectance and thermal emittance of roof surfacing materials can be changed by exposure to the outdoor environment. These changes are caused by three factors: deposition and retention of airborne pollutants, microbiological growth, and changes in physical or chemical properties. This practice applies to simulation of changes in solar reflectance and thermal emittance induced by deposition and retention of airborne pollutants and, to a limited extent, changes caused by microbiological growth.  
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SCOPE
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