ASTM F1504-14(2021)

Standard Specification for Folded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe for Existing Sewer and Conduit Rehabilitation

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the material, dimensional, and requirements and corresponding test methods for folded poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipes suitable for the rehabilitation of existing nonpressure sewers and conduits, wherein the folded PVC pipe is inserted into, and then expanded to conform to the wall of, the original conduit forming a new pipe-within-a-pipe structure. This specification does not include pipes manufactured from reprocessed, recycled, or reclaimed PVC. Appropriately sampled specimens shall be tested, and shall thereby conform accordingly to specified requirements for flattening resistance, impact strength, stiffness, extrusion quality by acetone immersion and heat reversion, flexural modulus of elasticity, and rounded pipe diameter and wall thickness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, flattening resistance, impact resistance, pipe stiffness, extrusion quality, and a form of marking for folded (vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipe for existing sewer and conduit rehabilitation.  
1.2 Pipe produced to this specification is for use in non-pressure sewer and conduit rehabilitation where the folded PVC pipe is inserted into and then expanded to conform to the wall of the original conduit forming a new structural pipe-within-a-pipe.  
Note 1: For installation procedures refer to Practice F1947.  
1.3 This specification includes pipe made only from materials specified in Section 6. This specification does not include pipe manufactured from reprocessed, recycled, or reclaimed PVC.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portion only, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Feb-2021
• ICS: 23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
• ICS: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.67 - Trenchless Plastic Pipeline Technology

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F1504 −14 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Folded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe for Existing Sewer
and Conduit Rehabilitation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1504; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods
2.1 ASTM Standards:
for materials, dimensions, workmanship, flattening resistance,
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
impact resistance, pipe stiffness, extrusion quality, and a form
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
of marking for folded (vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipe for existing
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
sewer and conduit rehabilitation.
als
D1600 TerminologyforAbbreviatedTermsRelatingtoPlas-
1.2 Pipe produced to this specification is for use in non-
tics
pressure sewer and conduit rehabilitation where the folded
D1784 Classification System and Basis for Specification for
PVC pipe is inserted into and then expanded to conform to the
wall of the original conduit forming a new structural pipe- Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlo-
rinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
within-a-pipe.
F1947 Practice for Installation of Folded Poly (Vinyl Chlo-
NOTE 1—For installation procedures refer to Practice F1947.
ride) (PVC) Pipe into Existing Sewers and Conduits
1.3 This specification includes pipe made only from mate-
(Withdrawn 2019)
rials specified in Section 6. This specification does not include
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
pipe manufactured from reprocessed, recycled, or reclaimed
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
PVC.
D2152 Test Method for Adequacy of Fusion of Extruded
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings by
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Acetone Immersion
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
and are not considered standard.
D2444 Practice for Determination of the Impact Resistance
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains to the
of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup
test method portion only, Section 11, of this specification: This
(Falling Weight)
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
F1057 Practice for Estimating the Quality of Extruded Poly
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe by the Heat Reversion
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
Technique
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor- 2.2 Federal Standard:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 4
2.3 Military Standard:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.67 on the ASTM website.
Trenchless Plastic Pipeline Technology. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2021. Published February 2021. Originally www.astm.org.
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F1504 –14. DOI: Available from DLA Document Services Building 4/D 700 Robbins Avenue
10.1520/F1504-14R21. Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094 http://quicksearch.dla.mil/
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1504−14 (2021)
TABLE 1 Folded PVC Pipe, Recommended Size Ranges of Use
3. Terminology
NOTE 1—The minimum and maximum recommended existing pipe
3.1 General—Abbreviations used in this specification are in
inside diameters shown in Table 1 are mean inside diameters along the
accordance with Terminology D1600 and definitions are in
pipe length and are not intended as absolute limits on localized dimen-
accordancewithTerminologyF412unlessotherwiseindicated.
sions. Consult the manufacturer for use of folded PVC pipe for sizes of
existing pipe beyond the recommended ranges shown in Table 1.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Folded Pipe Recommended Existing
3.2.1 folded pipe—pipe that has been manufactured in a
Nominal Out- Pipe Inside Diameter
Resulting DR over Diameter Range
folded shape or that is subsequently folded for use in existing
side Range, in. (mm)
sewer and conduit rehabilitation. See Fig. 1.
Diameter, in.
min max DR 50 DR 41 DR 35
(mm)
3.2.2 rounded pipe—A rounded pipe is a sample for test
4 (102) 3.7 (94) 4.2 (107) . . . . . . 32–40
purposes formed when the folded pipe has been inserted into a
6 (152) 5.6 (142) 6.3 (160) . . . 38–46 32–40
circular casing pipe and expanded with heat and pressure to fit
8 (203) 7.4 (188) 8.4 (213) 47–55 38–46 32–40
9 (229) 8.3 (211) 9.4 (239) 47–55 38–46 32–40
tightly to the casing pipe taking a circular cross section, in
10 (254) 9.3 (236) 10.5 (267) 47–55 38–46 32–40
accordance with Section 10. See Fig. 1.
12 (305) 11.3 (287) 12.8 (325) 47–55 38–46 32–40
15 (381) 13.9 (353) 15.7 (399) 47–55 38–46 32–40
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The requirements of this specification are intended to
provide folded pipe suitable for the rehabilitation of existing
pipelines and conduits conveying sewage, process flow, and
storm water, under non–pressure conditions, through the labeled as the minimum cell classification of this specification,
heating, insertion, and expansion of the folded pipe. and labeled in accordance with 15.1.3.1. Reworked material
containing any copolymer materials shall be labeled as copo-
NOTE 2—Industrial waste disposal lines should be installed only with
lymer material.
the specific approval of the cognizant code authority since chemicals not
commonly found in drains and sewers and temperatures in excess of
140 °F (60 °C) may be encountered.
7. Other Requirements
7.1 Pipe Flattening—There shall be no evidence of
5. Application of Materials
splitting, cracking, or breaking when the rounded pipe is tested
5.1 The nominal folded PVC pipe sizes specified in Section
in accordance with 11.3.
8 are applicable for a range of original pipe inside diameters.
7.2 Pipe Impact Strength—The impact strength of the
Table 1 lists the recommended ranges for each nominal size.
rounded pipe shall not be less than the values given in Table 2
6. Materials and Manufacture
when tested in accordance with 11.4.
6.1 Basic Materials—The pipe shall be made from virgin
NOTE 3—This test is intended only for use as a quality-control test, not
PVC compound meeting all the requirements for cell classifi- as a simulated service test.
cations 12334, 13223, 32334, or 33223 as defined in Specifi-
7.3 Pipe Stiffness—Pipe stiffness values for the rounded
cation D1784.
pipe shall comply with Table 3 when tested in accordance with
6.2 Rework Material—Clean rework material, generated 11.6.
from the manufacturer’s own PVC sewer pipe production may
7.4 Extrusion Quality—The extrusion quality of the pipe
be used by the same manufacturer provided that the rework
shall be evaluated by both of the following test methods.
material meets the requirements of 6.1 and that the pipe
7.4.1 Acetone Immersion—The pipe shall not flake or dis-
produced meets all the requirements of this specification.
integrate when tested in accordance with 11.6.1.
Reworked material of intermixed cell classifications shall be
7.4.2 Heat Reversion—The extrusion quality shall be esti-
mated by heat reversion method in accordance with 11.6.2.
7.5 Flexural Properties—Flexural modulus of elasticity val-
uesfortheroundedpipeshallcomplywithTable4whentested
in accordance with 11.7.
TABLE 2 Minimum Impact Strength at 73°F (23°C)
Pipe Size, in. (mm) Impact Strength, ft·lbf (J)
4 (102) 150 (203)
6 (152) 210 (284)
8 (203) 210 (284)
9 (229) 220 (299)
NOTE 1—This figure is intended only for clarification of terms specific
10 (254) 220 (299)
to this specification and shows a representative folded pipe shape. Other
12 (305) 220 (299)
folded pipe shapes may meet the requirements of this specification.
15 (381) 220 (299)
FIG. 1Folded Pipe and Rounded Pipe—Clarification of Terms
F1504−14 (2021)
TABLE 3 Minimum Pipe Stiffness at 5% Deflection
NOTE 1—Higher stiffness, due to higher moduli or lower DR, may also be available; consult the manufacturer.
Pipe Stiffness, psi (kPa)
A B
Pipe Size, in. (mm)
PS-1 PS-2
DR 50 DR 41 DR 35 DR 50 DR 41 DR 35
4 (102) . . . . . . 31 (219) . . . . . . 36 (250)
6 (152) . . . 19 (134) 31 (219) . . . 22 (153) 36 (250)
8 to 15 (203 to 381) 10 (73) 19 (134) 31 (219) 12 (83) 22 (153) 36 (250)
A
PS-1 is for material with a minimum cell classification of 13223 or 33223 (280 000-psi (1.93 Gpa) minimum modulus).
B
PS-2 is for material with a minimum cell classification of 12334 or 32334 (320 000-psi (2.21 Gpa) minimum modulus).
TABLE 4 Rounded Pipe Flexural Properties
for a period of 2 min. While maintaining the 8-psig internal
Cell Classification Flexural Modulus, psi (GPa) pressure, transition to air pressure and cool the sample to
13223, 33223 280 000 (1.93) 100 °F (38 °C) or less. Remove the rounded sample from the
12334, 32334 320 000 (2.21)
mold for testing.
10.2 The frequency of sampling shall be as agreed upon
between the purchaser and the seller.
8. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
10.3 Initial and retest samples shall be drawn from the same
8.1 Rounded Pipe Diameter—The average outside diameter
production shift.
of the rounded pipe shall meet the requirements given in Table
5 with a tolerance of 61.0 % when measured in accordance
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1504 − 14 F1504 − 14 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Folded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe for Existing Sewer
and Conduit Rehabilitation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1504; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, flattening resistance, impact
resistance, pipe stiffness, extrusion quality, and a form of marking for folded (vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipe for existing sewer and
conduit rehabilitation.
1.2 Pipe produced to this specification is for use in non-pressure sewer and conduit rehabilitation where the folded PVC pipe is
inserted into and then expanded to conform to the wall of the original conduit forming a new structural pipe-within-a-pipe.
NOTE 1—For installation procedures refer to Practice F1947.
1.3 This specification includes pipe made only from materials specified in Section 6. This specification does not include pipe
manufactured from reprocessed, recycled, or reclaimed PVC.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portion only, Section 11, of this specification: This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability
of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.67 on Trenchless
Plastic Pipeline Technology.
Current edition approved April 1, 2014Feb. 15, 2021. Published May 2014February 2021. Originally approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 20102014 as
F1504 –10. –14. DOI: 10.1520/F1504-14.10.1520/F1504-14R21.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1504 − 14 (2021)
D1784 Classification System and Basis for Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
F1947 Practice for Installation of Folded Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe into Existing Sewers and Conduits (Withdrawn
2019)
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings
D2152 Test Method for Adequacy of Fusion of Extruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings by Acetone
Immersion
D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
D2444 Practice for Determination of the Impact Resistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup (Falling
Weight)
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
F1057 Practice for Estimating the Quality of Extruded Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe by the Heat Reversion Technique
2.2 Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
2.3 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
3. Terminology
3.1 General—Abbreviations used in this specification are in accordance with Terminology D1600 and definitions are in
accordance with Terminology F412 unless otherwise indicated.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 folded pipe—pipe that has been manufactured in a folded shape or that is subsequently folded for use in existing sewer and
conduit rehabilitation. See Fig. 1.
3.2.2 rounded pipe—A rounded pipe is a sample for test purposes formed when the folded pipe has been inserted into a circular
casing pipe and expanded with heat and pressure to fit tightly to the casing pipe taking a circular cross section, in accordance with
Section 10. See Fig. 1.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The requirements of this specification are intended to provide folded pipe suitable for the rehabilitation of existing pipelines
and conduits conveying sewage, process flow, and storm water, under non–pressure conditions, through the heating, insertion, and
expansion of the folded pipe.
NOTE 2—Industrial waste disposal lines should be installed only with the specific approval of the cognizant code authority since chemicals not commonly
found in drains and sewers and temperatures in excess of 140°F (60°C)140 °F (60 °C) may be encountered.
NOTE 1—This figure is intended only for clarification of terms specific to this specification and shows a representative folded pipe shape. Other folded
pipe shapes may meet the requirements of this specification.
FIG. 1 Folded Pipe and Rounded Pipe—Clarification of Terms
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Available from DLA Document Services Building 4/D 700 Robbins Avenue Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094 http://quicksearch.dla.mil/
F1504 − 14 (2021)
5. Application of Materials
5.1 The nominal folded PVC pipe sizes specified in Section 8 are applicable for a range of original pipe inside diameters. Table
1 lists the recommended ranges for each nominal size.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 Basic Materials—The pipe shall be made from virgin PVC compound meeting all the requirements for cell classifications
12334, 13223, 32334, or 33223 as defined in Specification D1784.
6.2 Rework Material—Clean rework material, generated from the manufacturer’s own PVC sewer pipe production may be used
by the same manufacturer provided that the rework material meets the requirements of 6.1 and that the pipe produced meets all
the requirements of this specification. Reworked material of intermixed cell classifications shall be labeled as the minimum cell
classification of this specification, and labeled in accordance with 15.1.3.1. Reworked material containing any copolymer materials
shall be labeled as copolymer material.
7. Other Requirements
7.1 Pipe Flattening—There shall be no evidence of splitting, cracking, or breaking when the rounded pipe is tested in accordance
with 11.3.
7.2 Pipe Impact Strength—The impact strength of the rounded pipe shall not be less than the values given in Table 2 when tested
in accordance with 11.4.
NOTE 3—This test is intended only for use as a quality-control test, not as a simulated service test.
7.3 Pipe Stiffness—Pipe stiffness values for the rounded pipe shall comply with Table 3 when tested in accordance with 11.6.
7.4 Extrusion Quality—The extrusion quality of the pipe shall be evaluated by both of the following test methods.
7.4.1 Acetone Immersion—The pipe shall not flake or disintegrate when tested in accordance with 11.6.1.
7.4.2 Heat Reversion—The extrusion quality shall be estimated by heat reversion method in accordance with 11.6.2.
7.5 Flexural Properties—Flexural modulus of elasticity values for the rounded pipe shall comply with Table 4 when tested in
accordance with 11.7.
TABLE 1 Folded PVC Pipe, Recommended Size Ranges of Use
NOTE 1—The minimum and maximum recommended existing pipe
inside diameters shown in TableTable 1 1 are mean inside diameters along
the pipe length and are not intended as absolute limits on localized
dimensions. Consult the manufacturer for use of folded PVC pipe for sizes
of existing pipe beyond the recommended ranges shown in Table 1.
Folded Pipe Recommended Existing
Nominal Out- Pipe Inside Diameter
Resulting DR over Diameter Range
side Range, in. (mm)
Diameter, in.
min max DR 50 DR 41 DR 35
(mm)
4 (102) 3.7 (94) 4.2 (107) . . . . . . 32–40
6 (152) 5.6 (142) 6.3 (160) . . . 38–46 32–40
8 (203) 7.4 (188) 8.4 (213) 47–55 38–46 32–40
9 (229) 8.3 (211) 9.4 (239) 47–55 38–46 32–40
10 (254) 9.3 (236) 10.5 (267) 47–55 38–46 32–40
12 (305) 11.3 (287) 12.8 (325) 47–55 38–46 32–40
15 (381) 13.9 (353) 15.7 (399) 47–55 38–46 32–40
F1504 − 14 (2021)
TABLE 2 Minimum Impact Strength at 73°F (23°C)73 °F (23 °C)
Pipe Size, in. (mm) Impact Strength, ft·lbf (J)
4 (102) 150 (203)
6 (152) 210 (284)
8 (203) 210 (284)
9 (229) 220 (299)
10 (254) 220 (299)
12 (305) 220 (299)
15 (381) 220 (299)
8. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
8.1 Rounded Pipe Diameter—The average outside diameter of the rounded pipe shall meet the requirements given in Table 5 with
a tolerance of 61.0 % when measured in accordance with 11.2.1.
8.2 Rounded Pipe Wall Thickness—The minimum wall thickness of the rounded pipe, when measured in accordance with 11.2.2,
shall not be less than the values specified in Table 5.
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
9.1 The rounded and folded pipes shall be homogeneous throughout and free from visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions, or
other injurious defects. The pipe shall be as uniform as commercially practical in color, opacity, density, and other physical
properties.
10. Sampling
10.1 Rounded pipe sample preparation shall involve the unfolding and expansion of a folded pipe sample within a split pipe mold
with an inside diameter equal to the nominal outside diameter shown in Table 2. A folded pipe sample of sufficient length (10 ft
(3 m) maximum) to complete the testing requirements shall be inserted into the split pipe mold and secured at the ends. The
assembly shall then be placed in an enclosed chamber for heating. Ambient pressure steam shall be applied to the chamber for at
least a 15-min period at a minimum temperature of 200°F (93°C).200 °F (93 °C). While maintaining the minimum 200°F 200 °F
(93 °C) temperature, the folded pipe shall then be rounded by applying internal steam pressure at 8 psig (55 kPa) for a period of
2 min. While maintaining the 8-psig internal pressure, transition to air pressure and cool the sample to 100°F (38°C)100 °F (38 °C)
or less. Remove the rounded sample from the mold for testing.
10.2 The frequency of sampling shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.
10.3 Initial and retest samples shall be drawn from the same production shift.
11. Test Methods
11.1 Test Conditions—Conduct tests in the standard laboratory atmosphere of 73.473.4 °F 6 3.6°F (23(23 °C 6 2°C)2 °C) and
50 6 5 % relative humidity, with test specimens conditioned in accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618, unless otherwise
specified in the test methods or in this specification.
11.2 Rounded Pipe Dimensions:
11.2.1 Pipe Diameters—Measure the outside diameter of the pipe in accordance with the applicable section of Test Method D2122.
Either a tapered sleeve gage or a vernier circumferential wrap tape accurate to 60.001 in. (60.02 mm) may be used.
11.2.2 Wall Thickness—Measure the wall thickness in accordance with the applicable sections of Test Method D2122. Make
sufficient readings, a minimum of six, to ensure that the minimum thickness has been determined. Use a cylindrical anvil tubing
micrometer accurate to 60.001 in. (60.02 mm).
11.3 Pipe Flattening—Flatten three specimens of rounded pipe, 6-in. (150-mm) long, between parallel plates in a suitable press
F1504 − 14 (2021)
TABLE 3 Minimum Pipe Stiffness at 5 % Deflection
NOTE 1—Higher stiffness, due to higher moduli or lower DR, may also be available; consult the manufacturer.
Pipe Stiffness, psi (kPa)
A B
Pipe Size, in. (mm)
PS-1 PS-2
DR 50 DR 41 DR 35 DR 50 DR 41 DR 35
4 (102) . . . . . . 31 (219) . . . . . . 36 (250)
6 (152) . . . 19 (134) 31 (219) . . . 22 (153) 36 (250)
8 to 15 (203 to 381) 10 (73) 19 (134) 31 (219) 12 (83) 22 (153) 36 (250)
A
PS-1 is for material with a minimum cell classification of 13223 or 33223 (280 000-psi (1.93 Gpa) minimum modulus).
B
PS-2 is for material with a minimum cell classification of 12334 or 32334 (320 000-psi (2.21 Gpa) minimum modulus).
TABLE 4 Rounded Pipe Flexural Properties
Cell Classification Flexural Modulus, psi (GPa)
13223, 33223 280 000 (1.93)
12334, 32334 320 000 (2.21)
TABLE 5 Rounded Pipe Dimensions
Outside Diameter, Minimum Wall Thickness, in. (mm)
in. (mm)
DR 50 DR 41 DR 35
4.000 (101.6) . . . . . . 0.114 (2.9)
6.000 (152.4) . . . 0.146 (3.7) 0.171 (4.3)
8.000 (203.2) 0.160 (4.1) 0.195 (5.0) 0.229 (5.8)
9.000 (228.6) 0.180 (4.6) 0.219 (5.6) 0.257 (6.5)
10.000 (254.0) 0.200 (5.1) 0.243 (6.2) 0.286 (7.3)
12.000 (304.8) 0.240 (6.1) 0.292 (7.4) 0.343 (8.7)
15.000 (381.0) 0.300 (7.6) 0.365 (9.3) 0.429 (10.9)
until the distance between the plates is 40 % of the outside diameter of the pipe. The rate of loading shall be uniform and such
that the compression is completed within 2 to 5 min. Remove the load and examine the specimens for evidence of splitting,
cracking, or breaking.
11.4 Impact Resistance—Determine the impact resistance of the rounded pipe in accordance with the applicable section of Test
Method D2444, using a 20-lb (9-kg) Tup A and the flat plate Holder B. Test six specimens each 6 in. (150 mm) long at the impact
levels given in Table 2. All shall pass. If one fails, test another six specimens; eleven passes out of twelve tested shall be acceptable.
11.5 Pipe Stiffness—Determine the pipe stiffness for rounded pipe specimens using Test Method D2412. Test three specimens,
each 150 mm (6 in.)6 in. (150 mm
...