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ASTM E2202-23

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Measurement of Equipment-Generated Continuous Noise for Assessment of Health Hazards

Standard Practice for Measurement of Equipment-Generated Continuous Noise for Assessment of Health Hazards

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This standard defines measurement procedures for estimating the risk of noise-induced hearing loss among users of noise producing equipment. It is applicable to ground vehicles, aircraft, watercraft, and mobile, transportable, and stationary equipment. The primary approach is to separately measure the sound level at operator ear locations for each normal operating condition. These levels can be combined with operational use scenarios and exposure criteria to define noise exposure severity. The data can also be used to define hearing protection requirements or administrative controls to preclude hearing hazards.  
5.2 The practice has the following limitations:  
5.2.1 The practice uses field portable measurement equipment.  
5.2.2 The practice produces data which may be compared with applicable criteria or limits if the limits are in terms of the quantities measured in this standard or which can be calculated from the measured data.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard defines noise measurement procedures for estimating the risk of hearing loss among users of noise producing equipment. It is applicable to ground vehicles, aircraft, watercraft, and other mobile, transportable, or stationary equipment.  
1.2 This standard does not recommend noise exposure limit levels or criteria for any application discussed.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Oct-2023
ICS
17.140.01 - Acoustic measurements and noise abatement in general
Technical Committee
E33 - Building and Environmental Acoustics
Drafting Committee
E33.08 - Mechanical and Electrical System Noise
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E2202-02(2016) - Standard Practice for Measurement of Equipment-Generated Continuous Noise for Assessment of Health Hazards
Effective Date
01-Nov-2023
Referred By
ASTM C634-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics
Effective Date
01-Nov-2023

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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2202 − 23
Standard Practice for
Measurement of Equipment-Generated Continuous Noise for
1
Assessment of Health Hazards
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2202; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ANSI/ASA S1.11-2014 (R2019) Part 1/IEC 61260-
1:2014 Electroacoustics - Octave-band and Fractional-
1.1 This standard defines noise measurement procedures for
octave-band Filters – Part 1: Specifications
estimating the risk of hearing loss among users of noise
ANSI/ASA S1.25-1991 (R2020) Specification for Personal
producing equipment. It is applicable to ground vehicles,
Noise Dosimeters
aircraft, watercraft, and other mobile, transportable, or station-
ANSI/ASA S1.40-2006 (R2020) Specifications and Verifica-
ary equipment.
tion Procedures for Sound Calibrators
1.2 This standard does not recommend noise exposure limit
3. Terminology
levels or criteria for any application discussed.
3.1 Definitions—Terms used in this standard are defined
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
either in Terminology C634 or within this standard. The
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
definition of terms explicitly given within this standard take
standard.
precedence over definitions given in Terminology C634. The
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
definitions within the terminology section of Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C634 and this standard take precedence over any other
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
definitions found in any other documents, including documents
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
that are referenced in this standard.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- 3.2 The following terms used in this practice have specific
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- meanings that are defined in Terminology C634: A-weighted
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the sound level, dB(A); background noise; octave band; time-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- average sound level.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.3 The terms specific to nonmandatory Appendix X1 are in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
X1.2.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Summary of Practice
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 For most equipment generating steady noise, the
C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental
A-weighted and octave band levels are measured at locations
Acoustics
normally occupied by personnel. The hazard contours around
3
2.2 ANSI Standards:
the equipment are also determined in terms of A-weighted
ANSI/ASA S1.4-2014 (R2019) Part 1/IEC 61672-
sound levels in decibels. In some cases, duty cycle testing is
1:2013 Electroacoustics – Sound Level Meters – Part 1:
used to determine time average sound levels.
Specifications
4.2 The operating conditions for specific equipment types
are in sections as follows:
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on Building
4.2.1 Ground vehicles in 8.2 and 9.2.
and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
E33.08 on Mechanical and Electrical System Noise.
4.2.2 Construction and material handling equipment in 9.3.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally
4.2.3 Watercraft in 9.4.
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as E2202 – 02 (2016).
4.2.4 Stationary equipment in 9.5.
DOI: 10.1520/E2202-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 4.2.5 Helicopters in 9.6.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 5. Significance and Use
the ASTM website.
3 5.1 This standard defines measurement procedures for esti-
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. mating the risk of noise-induced hearing loss among users of
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2202 − 23
noise producing equipment. It is applicable to ground vehicles, grade), free from gravel or
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2202 − 02 (Reapproved 2016) E2202 − 23
Standard Practice for
Measurement of Equipment-Generated Continuous Noise for
1
Assessment of Health Hazards
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2202; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This standard defines noise measurement procedures for estimating the risk of hearing loss among users of noise producing
equipment. It is applicable to ground vehicles, aircraft, watercraft, and other mobile, transportable, or stationary equipment.
1.2 This standard does not recommend noise exposure limit levels or criteria for any application discussed.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics
3
2.2 ANSI Standards:
ANSI S 1.1 Acoustical Terminology
ANSI S 1.4ANSI/ASA S1.4-2014 (R2019) Part 1/IEC 61672-1:2013 Specification forElectroacoustics – Sound Level Meters –
Part 1: Specifications
ANSI S 1.11ANSI/ASA S1.11-2014 (R2019) Part 1/IEC 61260-1:2014 Specification for Octave-Band and Fractional-Octave-
Band Analog and Digital FiltersElectroacoustics - Octave-band and Fractional-octave-band Filters – Part 1: Specifications
ANSI S1.25ANSI/ASA S1.25-1991 (R2020) Specification for Personal Noise Dosimeters
ANSI S 1.40ANSI/ASA S1.40-2006 (R2020) Specification for AcousticalSpecifications and Verification Procedures for Sound
Calibrators
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on Building and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E33.08 on
Mechanical and Electrical System Noise.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016Nov. 1, 2023. Published October 2016December 2023. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20092016
as E2202 – 02 (2009). DOI: 10.1520/E2202-02R16.(2016). DOI: 10.1520/E2202-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2202 − 23
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terms used in this standard are defined either in Terminology C634 or within this standard. The definition of
terms explicitly given within this standard take precedence over definitions given in Terminology C634. The definitions within the
terminology section of Terminology C634 and this standard take precedence over any other definitions found in any other
documents, including documents that are referenced in this standard.
3.2 Except as noted in The following Appendix X1, the terms and symbols terms used in this practice have specific meanings that
are defined in Terminology C634.: A-weighted sound level, dB(A); background noise; octave band; time-average sound level.
3.3 The terms specific to nonmandatory Appendix X1 are in X1.2.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 For most equipment generating steady noise, the A-weighted and octave band levels are measured at locations normally
occupied by personnel. The hazard contours around the equipment are also determined in terms of A-weighted sound levels in
decibels. In some cases, duty cycle testing is used to determine time-weightedtime average sound levels.
4.2 The operating con
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Evaluation of Environmental Noise—Environmental noise is evaluated by comparing a measurement or prediction of the noise to one or more criteria. There are many different criteria and ways of measuring and specifying noise, depending on the purpose of the evaluation. Some evaluations are limited to determining compliance with existing regulations or ordinances. Others are done in the absence of such requirements or to supplement regulatory evaluations where the regulations do not address fully or at all the issues of concern.  
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1.3 Reasons for Criteria—This guide discusses the many reasons for noise criteria, ways sound can be measured and specified, and advantages and disadvantages of the most widely used types of criteria. The guide refers the user to appropriate documents for more detailed information and guidance. Users needing further general background on sound and sound measurement are directed to the books listed in the References section.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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5.2 Flow rate is an important parameter to consider when the application involves machinery or equipment that requires compressed air or other gases to be exhausted rapidly. For example, in an automatic pneumatic press, compressed air must be exhausted rapidly to avoid a premature second cycle. For this reason, flow ratio is reported in addition to acoustical performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory measurement of both the acoustical and mechanical performance of pneumatic exhaust silencers designed for quieting compressed gas (usually air) exhausts from orifices connected to pipe sizes up to 3/4 in. NPT. This test method is not applicable for exhausts performing useful work, such as part conveying, ejection, or cleaning. This test method evaluates acoustical performance using A-weighted sound level measurements.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E2611-19(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Normal Incidence Determination of Porous Material Acoustical Properties Based on the Transfer Matrix Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There are several purposes of this test:  
5.1.1 For transmission loss: (a) to characterize the sound insulation characteristics of materials in a less expensive and less time consuming approach than Test Method E90 and ISO 140-3 (“reverberant room methods”),  (b) to allow small samples tested when larger samples are impossible to construct or to transport, (c) to allow a rapid technique that does not require an experienced professional to run.  
5.1.2 For transfer matrix: (a) to determine additional acoustic properties of the material; (b) to allow calculation of acoustic properties of built-up or composite materials by the combination of their individual transfer matrices.  
5.2 There are significant differences between this method and that of the more traditional reverberant room method. Specifically, in this approach the sound impinges on the specimen in a perpendicular direction (“normal incidence”) only, compared to the random incidence of traditional methods. Additionally, revereration room methods specify certain minimum sizes for test specimens which may not be practical for all materials. At present the correlation, if any, between the two methods is not known. Even though this method may not replicate the reverberant room methods for measuring the transmission loss of materials, it can provide comparison data for small specimens, something that cannot be done in the reverberant room method. Normal incidence transmission loss may also be useful in certain situations where the material is placed within a small acoustical cavity close to a sound source, for example, a closely-fitted machine enclosure or portable electronic device.  
5.3 Transmission loss is not only a property of a material, but is also strongly dependent on boundary conditions inherent in the method and details of the way the material is mounted. This must be considered in the interpretation of the results obtained by this test method.  
5.4 The quantities are measured as a functio...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the use of a tube, four microphones, and a digital frequency analysis system for the measurement of normal incident transmission loss and other important acoustic properties of materials by determination of the acoustic transfer matrix.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1110-06(2019)(Classification)
Standard Classification for Determination of Articulation Class

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Each weighting factor given in Table 1 represents the fraction of overall speech intelligence contained within the associated one-third octave frequency band.  
4.2 The weighting factors in Table 1 are obtained by multiplying each individual one-third octave band weighting factor of ANSI S3.5-1969 by 300. Articulation class (AC) values are thus related to but distinctly different from articulation index (AI) values. In particular, the AC considers only the effect of signal attenuation; while the AI considers such additional factors as speech level and spectrum and background sound level and spectrum.
Note 2: The AC is similar to the DAI rating proposed by Warnock6 and has been shown to correlate with AI values derived from ANSI S3.5, except where the AI approaches 1 or 0 (AI values range between 1 and 0 and approach 0 with increasing privacy and nonintelligibility). Articulation class values give the reverse. They usually exceed 100 and increase with increasing privacy and nonintelligibility. Extensive comparison between AC ratings and subjective judgments of open-plan speech privacy has not yet been accomplished.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification provides a single figure rating that can be used for comparing building systems and subsystems for speech privacy purposes. The rating is designed to correlate with transmitted speech intelligence between office spaces.  
1.2 Excluded from the scope of this classification are applications involving female speakers or children,2 languages other than English, and sound spectra other than speech. Thus excluded, for example, would be comparisons of building systems or subsystems for their effectiveness in reducing transmitted noise from machinery, industrial processes, bowling alleys, music rooms, places of entertainment, and the like.  
Note 1: Published work by Pearsons, et al, may eventually permit the restriction on female speakers to be relaxed.3  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1179-13(2019)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Sound Sources Used for Testing Open Office Components and Systems

ABSTRACT
This specification states the requirements for sound sources used for measuring the speech privacy between open offices or for measuring the laboratory performance of acoustical components. The sound source shall be a loudspeaker enclosed in a box that has a maximum dimension of 0.30 m (1 ft) on a side, to reduce spurious sound reflections. The measurements shall be carried out in a free sound field. The measurement microphone, amplifier, and level meter used to measure sound pressure levels shall satisfy the requirements prescribed. When the sound source is driven with the qualification signal, the sound output shall be adequate to maintain one-third octave-band sound pressure levels at least 10 dB above the corresponding background noise in each band at each measurement location. The directivity of the sound source shall be verified by driving the source with the qualification signal and measuring the sound pressure levels at measurement points.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification states the requirements for sound sources used for measuring the speech privacy between open offices and for measuring the laboratory performance of acoustical components (see Test Methods E1111 and E1130).  
1.2 The sound source shall be a loudspeaker located in an enclosure driven with an appropriate test signal.  
1.3 This specification describes the sound source and method of qualifying it using a special qualification signal. Test signals required by open office test methods may differ.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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