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ASTM B851-94

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Automated Controlled Shot Peening of Metallic Articles Prior to Nickel, Autocatalytic Nickel, or Chromium Plating, or as Final Finish (Withdrawn 2004)

Standard Specification for Automated Controlled Shot Peening of Metallic Articles Prior to Nickel, Autocatalytic Nickel, or Chromium Plating, or as Final Finish (Withdrawn 2004)

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for automated, controlled shot peening of metallic articles prior to electrolytic or autocatalytic deposition of nickel or chromium, or as a final finish, using shot made of cast steel, conditioned cut wire, or ceramic media. The process is applicable to those materials on which test work has shown it to be beneficial within given intensity ranges. It is not suitable for brittle materials. Hand peening and rotary flap peening are excluded specifically.  
1.2 Shot peening induces residual compressive stresses in the surface and near-surface layers of metallic articles, controlling or limiting the reduction in fatigue properties that occurs from nickel or chromium plating of the article, or the fatigue properties of unplated articles.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-1993
Withdrawal Date
12-Feb-2004
ICS
25.220.40 - Metallic coatings
Technical Committee
B08 - Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
Drafting Committee
B08.02 - Pre Treatment
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM B851-04 - Standard Specification for Automated Controlled Shot Peening of Metallic Articles Prior to Nickel, Autocatalytic Nickel, or Chromium Plating, or as Final Finish
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004

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ASTM B851-94 - Standard Specification for Automated Controlled Shot Peening of Metallic Articles Prior to Nickel, Autocatalytic Nickel, or Chromium Plating, or as Final Finish (Withdrawn 2004)ASTM B851-94 - Standard Specification for Automated Controlled Shot Peening of Metallic Articles Prior to Nickel, Autocatalytic Nickel, or Chromium Plating, or as Final Finish (Withdrawn 2004)
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ASTM B851-94 - Standard Specification for Automated Controlled Shot Peening of Metallic Articles Prior to Nickel, Autocatalytic Nickel, or Chromium Plating, or as Final Finish (Withdrawn 2004)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B 851 – 94
Standard Specification for
Automated Controlled Shot Peening of Metallic Articles
Prior to Nickel, Autocatalytic Nickel, or Chromium Plating,
1
or as Final Finish
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 851; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ε) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope B 689 Specification for Electroplated Engineering Nickel
2
Coatings
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for auto-
B 733 Specification for Autocatalytic Nickel-Phosphorus
mated, controlled shot peening of metallic articles prior to
2
Coatings on Metals
electrolytic or autocatalytic deposition of nickel or chromium,
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
or as a final finish, using shot made of cast steel, conditioned
3
poses
cut wire, or ceramic media. The process is applicable to those
4
E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
materials on which test work has shown it to be beneficial
4
E 709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination
within given intensity ranges. It is not suitable for brittle
5
2.2 Federal Standards:
materials. Hand peening and rotary flap peening are excluded
QQ-N-290 Nickel Plating (Electrodeposited)
specifically.
QQ-C-320 Chromium Plating (Electrodeposited)
1.2 Shot peening induces residual compressive stresses in
5
2.3 Military Standards:
the surface and near-surface layers of metallic articles, control-
MIL-S-851 Steel Grit, Shot, and Cut Wire Shot, and Iron
ling or limiting the reduction in fatigue properties that occurs
Grit and Shot Blast Cleaning and Peening
from nickel or chromium plating of the article, or the fatigue
MIL-S-13165 Shot Peening of Metal Parts
properties of unplated articles.
MIL-C-26074 Coating, Electroless Nickel
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
MIL-STD-45662 Calibration System Requirements
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
6
2.4 SAE Standards:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
SAE J441 Cut Steel Wire Shot
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
SAE J442 Test Strip, Holder and Gage for Shot Peening
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
SEA J827 Cast Steel Shot
2. Referenced Documents
SAE J1830 Size, Classification and Characteristics of Ce-
ramic Shot for Peening
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B 183 Practice for Preparation of Low-Carbon Steel for
3. Terminology
2
Electroplating
2 3.1 Definitions:
B 242 Practice for High-Carbon Steel for Electroplating
3.1.1 Almen strip—UNS G10700 carbon steel specimens
B 320 Practice for Preparation of Iron Castings for Electro-
2 that are used to calibrate the energy of a shot peening stream
plating
2
(see Fig. 1).
B 322 Practice for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating
3.1.2 Almen strip holding fixture—a fixture for holding
B 607 Specification for Autocatalytic Nickel-Boron Coat-
2
Almen strips in suitable locations that represent the position
ings for Engineering Use
andangularorientationofthesurfacesofapartwhereintensity
B 650 Specification for Electrodeposited Engineering Chro-
2
is to be determined and verified (see Fig. 2).
mium Coatings on Ferrous Substrates
3.1.3 arc height—flat Almen strips, when subjected to a
B 656 Guide for Autocatalytic (Electroless) Nickel-
2
stream of shot moving at an adequate velocity, bending in an
Phosphorus Deposition on Metals for Engineering Use
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
1 4
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-8 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
5
Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
B08.02 on Substrate Preparation. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
6
Current edition approved March 15, 1994, Published May 1994. Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05. Warrendale, PA 15096.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B 851
FIG. 2 Assembled Test Strip and Holder
FIG. 3 Almen Gage
FIG. 1 Almen Test Specimen
3.1.8 intensity—theAlmenstriparcheightatsaturation.Arc
height is not termed intensity correctly unless saturation is
arc corresponding to the amount of energy transmitted by the
achieved.
shot stream. The height of the curved arc measured in
3.1.9 liquid tracer system—a liquid coating material bear-
millimeters is the arc height, measured by anAlmen gage (see
ing a pigmen
...

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Ruthenium  
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1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electroplated nickel coatings applied to metal products for engineering applications, for example, for use as a buildup for mismachined or worn parts, for electronic applications, including as underplates in contacts or interconnections, and in certain joining applications.  
1.2 Electroplating of nickel for engineering applications (Note 1) requires technical considerations significantly different from decorative applications because the following functional properties are important:  
1.2.1 Hardness, strength, and ductility,  
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1.2.6 Fretting resistance, and  
1.2.7 Fatigue resistance.  
Note 1: Functional electroplated nickel coatings usually contain about 99 % nickel, and are most frequently electrodeposited from a Watts nickel bath or a nickel sulfamate bath. Typical mechanical properties of nickel electroplated from these baths, and the combined effect of bath operation and solution composition variables on the mechanical properties of the electrodeposit are given in Guide B832. When electroplated nickel is required to have higher hardnesses, greater wear resistance, certain residual stress values and certain leveling characteristics, sulfur and other substances are incorporated in the nickel deposit through the use of certain addition agents in the electroplating solution. For the effect of such additives, see Section 4 and Annex A3. Cobalt salts are sometimes added to the plating solution to produce harder nickel alloy deposits.  
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