ASTM A312/A312M-19

Standard Specification for Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes

ABSTRACT
This guide covers standard specification for seamless, straight-seam welded, and cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service. Several grades of steel shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, titanium, columbium, tantalum, nitrogen, vanadium, copper, cerium, boron, aluminum, and others. All pipes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition in accordance with the required heat treating temperature and cooling/testing requirements. Tensile properties of the material shall conform to the prescribed tensile strength and yield strength. The steel pipe shall undergo mechanical tests such as transverse or longitudinal tension test and flattening test. Grain size determination and weld decay tests shall be performed. Each pipe shall also be subjected to the nondestructive electric test or the hydrostatic test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service.  
Note 1: When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ASME B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425 °F [−250 °C] without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325 °F [−200 °C] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower than −50 °F [−45 °C].  
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for service at temperatures where creep and stress rupture properties are important.  
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one or more of these supplementary requirements.  
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ASME B36.19. These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked pipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be ordered and furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.  
1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength requirements for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in nominal wall thicknesses greater than 3/8 in. [9.5 mm].  
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.  
Note 2: The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,”...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2019
• ICS: 23.040.10 - Iron and steel pipes
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.10 - Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:A312/A312M −19 Used in USDOE-NE standards
Standard Specification for
Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic
1
Stainless Steel Pipes
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA312/A312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* and furnished provided such pipe complies with all other
2 requirements of this specification.
1.1 This specification covers seamless, straight-seam
welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless 1.5 GradesTP321andTP321Hhavelowerstrengthrequire-
steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive ments for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in
3
service. nominal wall thicknesses greater than ⁄8in. [9.5 mm].
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
NOTE 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service
would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel
Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
Piping Code,ASME B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425 °F
standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
[−250 °C] without qualification by impact tests. OtherAISI stainless steel
designation of this specification is specified in the order.
grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325 °F
[−200 °C] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain
NOTE 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
contentexceeding0.10%,arerequiredtobeimpacttestedundertherules
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
than −50 °F [−45 °C].
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
modifications of GradesTP304,TP309Cb,TP309S,TP310Cb,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended
for service at temperatures where creep and stress rupture
2. Referenced Documents
properties are important.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for
A262Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These
Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
supplementaryrequirementscallforadditionalteststobemade
A370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
and, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one or
of Steel Products
more of these supplementary requirements.
A941TerminologyRelatingtoSteel,StainlessSteel,Related
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A999/A999MSpecification for General Requirements for
and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ASME B36.19.
These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
A1016/A1016MSpecification for General Requirements for
pipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be ordered
Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless
Steel Tubes
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
E112Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally
3
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as A312/A312M–18a. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/A0312_A03
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A312/A312M − 18a A312/A312M − 19 Used in USDOE-NE standards
Standard Specification for
Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic
1
Stainless Steel Pipes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A312/A312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe
intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service.
NOTE 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral
expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes without the
necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII
Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ASME B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425 °F [−250 °C] without
qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325 °F [−200 °C] without impact
testing. Impact testing may, under certain circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or nickel content outside the AISI ranges,
and for material with carbon content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service
temperatures are lower than −50 °F [−45 °C].
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications
of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for service at
temperatures where creep and stress rupture properties are important.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These
supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one or
more of these supplementary requirements.
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ASME B36.19. These
dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked pipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be ordered and furnished
provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength requirements for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in nominal
3
wall thicknesses greater than ⁄8 in. [9.5 mm].
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The
inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
NOTE 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,”
“size,” and “nominal size.”
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.10
on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2018November 2019. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as
A312/A312M – 18.A312/A312M – 18a. DOI: 10.1520/A0312_A0312M-18A.10.1520/A0312_A0312M-19.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification
...