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CEN

EN 1537:1999/AC:2000

(Corrigendum)

Execution of special geotechnical work - Ground anchors

Execution of special geotechnical work - Ground anchors

TC - German version not alligned with E and F

Ausführung von besonderen geotechnischen Arbeiten (Spezialtiefbau) - Verpressanker

Exécution des travaux géotechniques spéciaux - Tirant d'ancrage

Izvedba posebnih geotehničnih del – Geotehnična sidra

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
21-Jun-2000
Withdrawal Date
09-Jul-2013
ICS
93.020 - Earthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works
Technical Committee
CEN/TC 288 - Execution of special geotechnical works
Drafting Committee
CEN/TC 288 - Execution of special geotechnical works
Current Stage
9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
Start Date
10-Jul-2013
Completion Date
10-Jul-2013
Ref Project
SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004 - Execution of special geotechnical work - Ground anchors

Relations

Replaced By
EN 1537:2013 - Execution of special geotechnical works - Ground anchors
Effective Date
17-Jul-2013
Corrects
EN 1537:1999 - Execution of special geotechnical work - Ground anchors
Effective Date
08-Jun-2022

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EN 1537:2002/AC:2004 - V popravek je vključen celoten osnovni standard.EN 1537:2002/AC:2004 - V popravek je vključen celoten osnovni standard.
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EN 1537:2002/AC:2004 - V popravek je vključen celoten osnovni standard.
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Ausführung von besonderen geotechnischen Arbeiten (Spezialtiefbau) - VerpreßankerExécution des travaux géotechniques spéciaux - Tirant d'ancrageExecution of special geotechnical work - Ground anchors93.020Zemeljska dela. Izkopavanja. Gradnja temeljev. Dela pod zemljoEarthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground worksICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1537:1999/AC:2000SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004de01-januar-2004SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:2004



SIST EN 1537:2002/AC:
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This document is applicable to the execution, testing and monitoring of geotechnical grouting work.
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The following principles and methods of geotechnical grouting are covered by this document:
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-   grouting without displacement of the host material (permeation, fissure/contact grouting, bulk filling).
Figure 1 illustrates the various injection methods associated with these two principles.
NOTE   The term consolidation grouting is sometimes used to emphasize an improvement in the strength or deformation characteristics of a soil or rock mass, with the aim that it does not undergo any unacceptable deformation. The term compensation grouting is used when the objective of grouting is to concurrently compensate for ground loss.
The principal objectives of geotechnical grouting are:
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1.1   This European Standard establishes general principles for the execution of bored piles (see 3.2).
NOTE 1   This standard covers piles or barrettes which are formed in the ground by excavation and are structural members used to transfer actions and/or limit deformations.
NOTE 2   This standard covers piles with circular cross-section (see Figures 1 and A.1a)) and barrettes (see 3.3) with rectangular, T or L or any other similar cross-section (see Figure 2) concreted in a single operation.
NOTE 3   In the standard the term pile is used for circular cross-section structure and the term barrette for other shapes. Both are bored piles.
1.2    This European Standard applies to bored piles (see Figure 3) with:
-   uniform cross-section (straight shaft);
-   telescopically changing shaft dimensions;
-   excavated base enlargements; or
-   excavated shaft enlargements.
NOTE    The shape of a pile base and of an enlargement depends on the tool used for the excavation.
1.3    This European Standard applies (see Note) to:
-   bored piles with a depth to width ratio  5;
-   piles (see Figures 1 and 3) with a shaft diameter 0,3 m  D  3,0 m;
-   barrettes (see Figure 2) with the least dimension Wi  0,4 m, a ratio LBiB / Wi between its largest and its least dimensions  6 and a cross-sectional area A  15 m²;
-   piles with circular precast elements used as structural member (see Figure 7) with a least dimension DP  0,3 m;
-   barrettes with rectangular precast elements used as structural member with a least dimension WP  0,3 m.
NOTE   The standard covers a large range of diameters. For small diameter bored piles less than 450 mm, the general specification can be adapted to cater for the lack of space (e.g. minimum bars number and spacing).
1.4    This European Standard applies to piles with the following rake (see Figure 4):
-   n  4 (  76°);
-   n  3 (  72°) for permanently cased piles.
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This European Standard establishes general principles for the execution of diaphragm walls as either retaining walls or cut-off walls.
NOTE 1   This standard covers only structures constructed in a trench excavated with a support fluid or in dry conditions, where soil is removed and replaced by concrete or slurry and with wall thickness B ≥ 40 cm.
NOTE 2   Diaphragm walls can be permanent or temporary structures.
NOTE 3   The following types of structure are considered:
a)   retaining walls: usually constructed to support the sides of an excavation in the ground. They include:
1)   cast in situ concrete diaphragm walls;
2)   precast concrete diaphragm walls;
3)   reinforced slurry walls;
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2)   plastic concrete walls.
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1.1   This European Standard establishes general principles for the execution of micropiles.
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NOTE 1   This European Standard is not applicable to driven piles, the execution of which is governed by EN 12699.
NOTE 2   For a definition of shaft diameter see 3.3.
1.2   Micropiles are structural members to transfer actions to the ground and can contain bearing elements to transfer directly or indirectly loads and or to limit deformations. For examples of micropiles see Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3. Their shaft and base resistance can be improved (mostly by grouting) and they can be constructed with (see Figure 4):
-   uniform cross section (straight shaft); or
-   telescopically changing shaft dimensions;
-   shaft enlargements; and/or
-   base enlargement.
1.3   Other than practical considerations, there are no limitations regarding, length, inclination (definition of inclination, see Figure 5), slenderness ratio or shaft and base enlargements.
1.4   The provisions of this European Standard apply to (see Figure 6):
-   single micropiles;
-   micropile groups;
-   reticulated micropiles;
-   micropile walls.
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-   a combination of above.
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-   working under restricted access and/or headroom conditions;
-   foundations of new structures (particularly in very heterogeneous soil or rock formations);
-   reinforcing or strengthening of existing structures to increase the capacity to transfer load to depth with acceptable load settlement characteristics, e.g. underpinning works;
-   reducing settlements and/or displacements;
-   forming a retaining wall;
-   reinforcing of soil to form a bearing and/or retaining structure;
-   improving slope stability;
-   securing against uplift;
-   other applications where micropile techniques are appropriate.
1.7   Deep mixing columns according to EN 14679 are not included in this European Standard. Columns constructed by jet grouting are covered by EN 12716. Ground anchors are covered by EN 1537.

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1.1   This European Standard establishes general principles for the execution of displacement piles, that means piles which are installed in the ground without excavation or removal of material from the ground except for limiting heave and/or limiting vibration as well as removal of obstructions or to assist penetration.
Piles are driven into the ground using impact, vibration, pressing, screwing or a combination of these methods.
1.2   The material of displacement piles covered by this European Standard can be:
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-   cast iron;
-   concrete, mortar;
-   timber;
-   grout;
-   combination of above.
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Examples are given in Figure A.2 and Figure A.3.
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1.1   This European Standard covers ground anchors grouted into the ground which are stressed and tested. They can be used for permanent or temporary applications.
NOTE   For the purpose of this standard the term ‘anchor(s)’ refers to ‘ground anchor(s)’.
1.2   The anchors are designed in accordance with EN 1997-1 and are tested in accordance with prEN ISO 22477 5.
1.3   Typical bond and compression type anchors are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
1.4   The term "ground" is taken to encompass soil, rock and fill already in place or existing prior to the execution of the construction work.
1.5   The planning and design of ground anchors calls for experience and knowledge in this specialised field.
1.6   The installation and testing phases require skilled, qualified labour and supervision.
1.7   This standard cannot replace the knowledge of specialist personnel and the expertise of experienced contractors required to apply this standard.
1.8   This standard does not address systems such as tension piles, screw anchors, mechanical anchors, soil nails, dead-man anchors or expander anchors as these do not fulfil the requirements of this standard.

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1.1   This European Standard establishes general principles for the execution, testing, supervision and monitoring of soil nailing.
1.2   Soil nailing is a construction technique, used to enhance/maintain the stability of a soil mass by installation of reinforcing elements (soil nails). Typical examples of soil nailing are given in Annex A.
1.3   The scope of soil nailing applications considered in this European Standard includes the installation and testing of soil nails and associated operations, required when stabilising existing and newly cut slopes and faces in soil, existing earth retaining structures, embankments, existing tunnels and the excavated facing of new tunnels in soil.
1.4   Soil nailing may be used to form part of a hybrid construction. This European Standard is relevant only to the soil nailing aspect of such constructions.
1.5   Techniques, such as reinforcement of ground by vertical inclusions (sheet piles, bored or driven piles, or other elements) and stabilisation with rock bolts, prestressed ground anchors or tensions piles are not covered by this European Standard.
1.6   Guidance on practical aspects of soil nailing and aspects on design, durability and testing is given in informative Annexes A, B and C, respectively.

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This European Standard establishes general principles for the execution, testing, supervision and monitoring of vertical drain projects.
This European Standard includes the application of prefabricated vertical drains and sand drains and deals with requirements to be placed on design, drain material and installation methods. This European Standard applies to the improvement of low-permeability, highly compressible soils by vertical drainage and preloading. Information regarding loading (embankment, vacuum or ground water lowering) and preloading is given in informative Annexes A and B.
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   (pre-)consolidation and reduction of post-construction settlements;
   speeding up the consolidation process by decreasing the path lengths for pore water dissipation;
   increase of stability (by increasing effective stresses in the soil);
   groundwater lowering;
   mitigation of liquefaction effects.
In each case there is an overall treatment of the soil (the volume of the drains is small in relation to the soil volume treated).
This European Standard does not include soil improvement by means of wells, gravel and stone columns, large-diameter geotextile enclosed columns or reinforcing elements.
Vertical drainage can also be combined with other foundation or ground improvement methods, e.g. electro osmosis, piles and compacted sand piles, dynamic compaction and deep mixing.
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Execution of special geotechnical works - Reinforced fill
SIST EN 14475:2006/AC:2007

TC - Modification to 6.3.2.2 and Table A.1

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