prEN 933-8

Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines - Sand equivalent test

This Standard describes the reference method used for type testing and in cases of dispute for the determination of the sand equivalent value of 0/2 mm fraction (for 0/4 mm, see annex A) in fine aggregates or all-in aggregates. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. It applies to natural aggregates.

Prüfverfahren für geometrische Eigenschaften von Gesteinskörnungen - Teil 8: Beurteilung von Feinanteilen - Sandäquivalent-Verfahren

Diese Norm legt das für die Erstprüfung und in Streitfällen anzuwendende Referenzverfahren für die Bestimmung des Sandäquivalent Werts für die Kornklasse 0/2 mm (für 0/4 mm, siehe Anhang A) in feinen Gesteinskörnungen oder Korngemischen fest. Für andere Zwecke, speziell im Rahmen der werkseigenen Produktionskontrolle, dürfen andere Verfahren angewendet werden, sofern ein ausreichender Zusammenhang mit dem Referenzverfahren nachgewiesen wurde. Diese Norm gilt für natürliche Gesteinskörnungen.

Essais pour déterminer les caractéristiques géométriques des granulats - Partie 8: Evaluation des fines - Equivalent de sable

La présente norme décrit la méthode de référence utilisée pour les essais de type initiaux ainsi qu’en cas de
litige dans le but de déterminer l’équivalent de sable de la fraction 0/2 mm (pour 0/4 mm, voir l’Annexe A) des
sables et des graves. A d’autres fins, en particulier pour la maîtrise de la production des granulats, d’autres
méthodes peuvent être utilisées à condition qu’il existe une relation entre ces dernières et la méthode de
référence. Cette norme ne s’applique qu’aux agrégats naturels.

Preskusi geometričnih lastnosti agregatov - 8. del: Ugotavljanje finih delcev - Ekvivalent peska

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 29-May-2011
• Withdrawal Date: 29-Nov-2011
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 154 - Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 154/SC 6 - Test methods
• Current Stage: 4098 - Decision to abandon - Enquiry
• Start Date: 12-Oct-2010
• Completion Date: 12-Oct-2010
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Mandate: M/125 - Mandate to CEN/CENELEC concerning the execution of standardization work for harmonized standards on aggregates
• Ref Project: oSIST prEN 933-8:2009 - Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines - Sand equivalent test

Relations

• Revises: EN 933-8:1999 - Test for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines - Sand equivalent test
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Overview

prEN 933-8 (CEN) - "Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines - Sand equivalent test" defines the reference method for determining the sand equivalent (SE) value of the 0/2 mm fraction in natural fine aggregates and all-in aggregates. Intended for type testing and dispute resolution, the standard specifies reagents, apparatus, specimen preparation and a stepwise test procedure (soaking, shaking, washing and measurement) to produce a reproducible SE value that quantifies the relative proportion of inert sand to clay-like fines.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and purpose: Reference method for 0/2 mm fraction (Annex A covers 0/4 mm); factory production control may use other correlated methods.
• Principle: SE is the height of sand sediment expressed as a percentage of the total height of sediment plus suspended fines in a graduated cylinder after agitation and controlled irrigation.
• Specimen limits: Test portions are prepared with a maximum fines content of 10 % (corrective grading procedures provided if higher). Tests are performed at (23 ± 3) °C and test portions are not artificially dried.
• Reagents: Concentrated calcium chloride/glycerine/formaldehyde solution (detailed formulation) and a diluted washing and flocculating solution; washing solution must be used within 28 days.
• Apparatus: Precisely dimensioned graduated cylinders (marked at specified heights), a 1.00 kg test plunger assembly, washing tube, siphoned 5 L flask, shaking machine (horizontal rectilinear sinusoidal stroke ~200 mm), stopclock, sieves (0.063 and 2 mm), balance and thermometer.
• Procedure steps: Filling to lower mark, 10 min soak, controlled shaking, irrigation with washing solution, settling time and measurement. Calculation: SE = (height of sand sediment / total height of sediment plus suspension) × 100.

Applications and who uses it

• Aggregate producers and quarries for type testing and product certification.
• Independent materials laboratories and quality control (QC) teams for dispute resolution and standardised assessment of fines.
• Contractors, specifiers and civil engineers who require quantified information on clay and silt contamination affecting workability, compaction and bond in concrete, asphalt and earthworks.
• Regulatory and procurement bodies specifying aggregate acceptance criteria.

Related standards

• EN 932 series (general aggregate test methods)
• EN 933 series (other geometrical properties of aggregates, e.g., particle size distribution, shape indices)
• EN 1097 (mechanical/physical properties) - normative references for sample reduction, sieving and moisture determination

Keywords: prEN 933-8, sand equivalent test, sand equivalent value, fine aggregates, 0/2 mm fraction, CEN, assessment of fines, washing and flocculating solution, aggregate testing.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2009
3UHVNXVLJHRPHWULþQLKODVWQRVWLDJUHJDWRYGHO8JRWDYOMDQMHILQLKGHOFHY
(NYLYDOHQWSHVND
Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines - Sand
equivalent test
Prüfverfahren für geometrische Eigenschaften von Gesteinskörnungen - Teil 8:
Beurteilung von Feinanteilen - Sandäquivalent verfahren
Essais pour déterminer les caractéristiques géométriques des granulats - Partie 8:
Evaluation des fines - Equivalent de sable
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 933-8
ICS:
91.100.15 Mineralni materiali in izdelki Mineral materials and
products
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2008
ICS 91.100.15 Will supersede EN 933-8:1999
English Version
Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8:
Assessment of fines - Sand equivalent test
Essais pour déterminer les caractéristiques géométriques Prüfverfahren für geometrische Eigenschaften von
des granulats - Partie 8: Evaluation des fines - Equivalent Gesteinskörnungen - Teil 8: Beurteilung von Feinanteilen -
de sable Sandäquivalent verfahren
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 154.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
: This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
Warning
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 933-8:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword . 3
1 Scope. 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Definitions . 4
4 Principle . 5
5 Reagents . 5
6 Apparatus . 5
7 Preparation of test specimens . 11
8 Procedure . 12
8.1 Filling of the graduated cylinders . 12
8.2 Shaking the graduated cylinders . 12
8.3 Washing . 12
8.4 Measurements . 12
9 Calculation and expression of results . 14
10 Test report . 14
10.1 Required data . 14
10.2 Optional data . 14
Annex A (normative) Procedure for the determination of the sand equivalent value of the
0/4 mm fraction . 15
Annex B (informative) Example of a test data sheet . 16

Foreword
This document (prEN 933-8:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 154
“Aggregates”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 933-8:1999.
This European Standard is one of a series of standards for tests for geometrical properties of
aggregates. Test methods for other properties of aggregates are covered by Parts of the following
European Standards:
EN 932, Tests for general properties of aggregates
EN 1097, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates
EN 1367, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates
EN 1744, Tests for chemical properties of aggregates
EN 13179, Tests for filler aggregate used in bituminous mixtures
The other parts of EN 933 will be:
Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution — Sieving method
Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution — Test sieves, nominal size of apertures
Part 3: Determination of particle shape — Flakiness index
Part 4: Determination of particle shape — Shape index
Part 5: Determination of percentage of crushed and broken surfaces in coarse aggregate particles
Part 6: Assessment of surface characteristics — Flow coefficient for aggregates
Part 7: Determination of shell content — Percentage of shells in coarse aggregates
Part 9: Assessment of fines — Methylene blue test
Part 10: Assessment of fines — Grading of filler aggregates (air jet sieving)
Part 11: Classification test for the constituents of coarse recycled aggregates
1 Scope
This Standard describes the reference method used for type testing and in cases of dispute for the
determination of the sand equivalent value of 0/2 mm fraction (for 0/4 mm, see annex A) in fine
aggregates or all-in aggregates. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other
methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method
has been established. It applies to natural aggregates.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any
of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or
revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN 932-2, Tests for general properties of aggregates — Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory
samples
EN 933-2, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates — Part 2: Determination of particle size
distribution — Test sieves, nominal size of apertures
EN 932-5, Tests for general properties of aggregates — Part 5: Common equipment and calibration
EN 1097-5, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates — Part 5: Determination of
the water content by drying in a ventilated oven
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply:
3.1
laboratory sample
sample intended for laboratory testing
3.2
test portion
sample used as a whole in a single test
3.3
test specimen
sample used in a single determination when a test method requires more than one determination of a
property
3.4
fines
particle size fraction of an aggregate which passes the 0,063 mm sieve
3.5
particle size fraction
fraction of an aggregate passing the larger of two sieves and retained on the smaller; the lower limit
can be zero
4 Principle
A test portion of aggregate with a maximum fines content of 10 % (either natural or obtained after
grading curve adjustment) and a small quantity of washing and flocculating solution are poured into a
graduated cylinder and are agitated to loosen the clay coatings from the coarser particles in the test
portion. The aggregate is then ‘irrigated’ using additional washing and flocculating solution forcing the
fine particles into suspension. After a fixed time, the sand equivalent value (SE) is calculated as the
height of sediment expressed as a percentage of the total height of sediment and suspension in the
cylinder.
5 Reagents
5.1 Concentrated solution, made up from:
a) crystalline calcium chloride, CaCl .6H O or anhydrous calcium chloride, CaCl ;
2 2 2
b) glycerine, 99 % glycerol, laboratory reagent quality;
c) formaldehyde solution, 40 % by volume, laboratory reagent quality;
d) distilled or demineralised water.
Dissolve (219 ± 2) g of crystalline calcium chloride in (350 ± 50) ml of distilled or demineralised water,
cool to room temperature and if necessary filter through a medium or coarse grade filter paper. Add
(480 ± 5) g of glycerine and (12,5 ± 0,5) g of formaldehyde solution and dilute to 1 l of solution with
distilled or demineralised water and mix thoroughly.
NOTE 1 219 g CaCl .6H 0 is equivalent to 111 g anhydrous calcium chloride CaCl .
2 2 2
NOTE 2 It is recommended that the concentrated solution is stored protected from light in glass or plastics
flasks containing (125 ± 1) ml.
NOTE 3 Sodium hypochlorite (bleach) with 2,6 % active chloride can be used instead of formaldehyde. In
case of dispute, use formaldehyde.
5.2 Washing and flocculating solution, prepared by diluting (125 ± 1) ml of concentrated
solution (5.1) to (5,00 ± 0,01) l using distilled or demineralised water.
NOTE In preparing the washing solution, the concentrated solution should first be vigorously shaken and
subsequently its container should be rinsed several times using distilled or demineralised water, pouring the
rinsing water into the 5 l flask before diluting to 5 l.
Washing solution shall not be used more than 28 days after preparation or if it is cloudy or contains
any precipitate or mould.
6 Apparatus
6.1 All apparatus, unless otherwise stated, shall conform to the general requirements of EN 932-5.
6.2 Two graduated cylinders, of glass or clear plastic (see Figure 1) complete with rubber bungs
and with the
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