EN ISO 12569:2000
(Main)Thermal insulation in buildings - Determination of air change in buildings - Tracer gas dilution method (ISO 12569:2000)
Thermal insulation in buildings - Determination of air change in buildings - Tracer gas dilution method (ISO 12569:2000)
This standard describes the use of tracer gas dilution for determining a single zone's air change as induced by weather conditions or mechanical ventilation. The procedures for tracer gas dilution include concentration decay, constant injection, and constant concentration. Tracer gas concentration is determined by a gas analyzer. Air change rate is directly calculated from the rate of change of tracer gas concentration by the tracer gas method. Airflow rate is calculated directly from the tracer gas flow rate by the constant injection or constant concentration method.
Wärmetechnisches Verhalten von Gebäuden - Bestimmung des Luftwechsels in Gebäuden - Indikatorgasverfahren (ISO 12569:2000)
Diese Norm beschreibt die Anwendung des Indikatorgasverfahrens zur Bestimmung des durch Witterungsbedingungen oder maschinelle Lüftung hervorgerufenen Luftwechsels einer einzelnen Zone. Zu den Indikatorgasverfahren gehören das Prüfverfahren mit abfallender Konzentration, das Prüfverfahren mit konstanter Injektion und das Prüfverfahren mit konstanter Konzentration. Die Konzentration des Indikatorgases wird mit Hilfe eines Gasanalysators bestimmt. Die Luftwechselrate wirdbeim Konzentrationsabklingverfahren direkt aus dem Konzentrationsabfall über die Zeit bestimmt.
Isolation thermique dans les bâtiments - Détermination du renouvellement d'air dans les bâtiments - Méthode de dilution de gaz traceurs (ISO 12569:2000)
Toplotna izolacija v stavbah - Ugotavljanje števila izmenjav zraka v stavbah - Metoda redčenja indikatorskega plina (ISO 12569:2000)
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2001
7RSORWQDL]RODFLMDYVWDYEDK8JRWDYOMDQMHãWHYLODL]PHQMDY]UDNDYVWDYEDK
0HWRGDUHGþHQMDLQGLNDWRUVNHJDSOLQD ,62
Thermal insulation in buildings - Determination of air change in buildings - Tracer gas
dilution method (ISO 12569:2000)
Wärmetechnisches Verhalten von Gebäuden - Bestimmung des Luftwechsels in
Gebäuden - Indikatorgasverfahren (ISO 12569:2000)
Isolation thermique dans les bâtiments - Détermination du renouvellement d'air dans les
bâtiments - Méthode de dilution de gaz traceurs (ISO 12569:2000)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 12569:2000
ICS:
91.120.10 Toplotna izolacija stavb Thermal insulation
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12569
First edition
2000-11-01
Thermal performance of buildings —
Determination of air change in buildings —
Tracer gas dilution method
Performances thermiques des bâtiments — Détermination du
renouvellement d'air dans les bâtiments — Méthode de dilution de gaz
traceurs
Reference number
ISO 12569:2000(E)
©
ISO 2000
ISO 12569:2000(E)
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ii © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved
ISO 12569:2000(E)
Contents Page
Foreword.iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope .1
2 Normative reference .1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Apparatus .2
5 Procedure .4
6 Expression of results .8
7 Accuracy.10
8 Test report .10
Annex A (informative) Tracer gas analyser accuracy.11
Annex B (informative) Tracer gas analyser calibration.13
Annex C (informative) Confidence intervals.14
Annex D (informative) Propagation of error analysis.16
Annex E (informative) How to choose the test methods.18
Annex F (informative) Types of tracer gas .19
Annex G (informative) Details on the test report .20
Bibliography.22
ISO 12569:2000(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights other than those identified above. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
International Standard ISO 12569 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 163, Thermal insulation,
Subcommittee SC 1, Test and measurement methods.
Annexes A to G of this International Standard are for information only.
iv © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved
ISO 12569:2000(E)
Introduction
Air change often accounts for a significant portion of the heating or air-conditioning load of a building. It also affects
the moisture and contaminant levels in the building. Moisture-laden air passing through cracks in the building
envelope under the influence of air pressure differences and through structural elements under the influence of
vapour pressure differences can condense and cause material degradation. Air flow and air change rates depend
on the size and distribution of air leakage sites, pressure differences induced by wind and temperature, mechanical
system operation, and occupant behaviour. An appropriate level of ventilation is also required in all buildings for
hygiene reasons.
This International Standard presents three test methods that use the measurement of tracer gas concentrations to
determine air change in a building or other enclosure that can be characterized as a single zone. The measurement
of tracer gas concentration, and sometimes the volume rate of flow at which the tracer gas is injected into the zone,
allows calculation of the volume rate of air flow leaving the zone. The volume rate of incoming air flow can be
inferred from this. The three test methods presented are:
a) tracer gas decay (5.4), which tracks the decay rate of tracer gas concentration after an initial injection of tracer
gas,
b) constant injection (5.5), which tracks the tracer gas concentration resulting from a known, constant injection
rate of tracer gas, and
c) constant concentration (5.6), which tracks the amount of tracer gas required to maintain it at a constant
concentration at a constant level.
Each test method employs specific tracer gas injection and sampling strategies. Other techniques exist, but are
beyond the scope of these test methods.
Because air change depends on such variable conditions as building operation, wind speed, and indoor-outdoor
temperatures, this International Standard does not provide information about building airtightness directly.
ISO 9972 should be used to measure airtightness.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12569:2000(E)
Thermal performance of buildings — Determination of air change
in buildings — Tracer gas dilution method
1 Scope
This International Standard describes the use of tracer gas dilution for determining the air change in a single zone
as induced by weather conditions or mechanical ventilation. The procedures for tracer gas dilution include
concentration decay, constant injection and constant concentration. Tracer gas concentration is determined by a
gas analyser. Air change rate is directly calculated from the rate of change of tracer gas concentration by the tracer
gas decay method. Air flow rate is calculated directly from the tracer gas flow rate by the constant injection or
constant concentration method.
These test methods are restricted to any single tracer gas. The associated data analysis assumes that the tracer
gas concentration can be characterized within the zone with a single value.
NOTE The constant concentration test method given in 5.6 is usually used for multiple zones and allows the measurement
of the air flow rate from the outside to each zone, if the residential zones are kept at the same concentration.
2 Normative reference
The following normative document contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these
publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the normative document indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 7345, Thermal insulation — Physical quantities and definitions.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 7345 and the following
apply.
3.1
air flow rate
�
V
total volume of air passing through the zone to and from the outdoors per unit of time
3 3
NOTE It is expressed in cubic metres per second or per hour (m /s, m /h).
3.2
air change rate
n
ratio of the total volume of air passing through the zone to and from the outdoors per unit of time to the volume of
the zone
NOTE It is expressed in reciprocal seconds or reciprocal hours (1/s, 1/h).
ISO 12569:2000(E)
3.3
building envelope
boundary or barrier separating the interior volume of a building from the outside environment
3.4
single zone
space or set of spaces wherein the concentration of a tracer gas can be maintained uniformly throughout and that
only exchanges air with the outside
3.5
tracer gas
gas that can be mixed with air and measured in very small concentrations in order to study air change
NOTE The tracer gas is not used to study air movement. Rather it is used to assess air transfer, exchange or infiltration.
Types of tracer gas, measuring apparatus, limits of measurement, allowable concentration and specific gravity of the tracer
gases are given in annex F. A gas at a temperature extremely different from that of the room should not be used for the tracer
gas dilution method.
4 Apparatus
The apparatus includes means for distributing the tracer gas, means for obtaining air specimens, a gas analyser to
measure tracer gas concentration in the air specimens, and other measurement devices, as follows.
4.1 Tracer gas concentration standard
Use a source of air with a known concentration of tracer gas.
Use the tracer gas within safe limits for concentration. Avoid conditions where the amount of tracer gas that may be
absorbed onto surfaces and into subordinate enclosures is significant, compared with the amount of tracer gas in
the zone. Avoid conditions where the added amount of tracer gas is small, compared to the atmospheric
background level of that gas. The use of radioactive tracer gases should be avoided.
4.2 Tracer gas injection and distribution apparatus
Choose an apparatus from one or more of the following, as appropriate to the test method.
4.2.1 Graduated syringe, or other container of known volume with a means for controlled release of its content.
4.2.2 Compressed tracer gas supply, with a critical orifice, a critical orifice metering valve, an electronic mass
flow controller, or other tracer gas flow rate measurement and control device.
4.3 Tracer gas distribution devices
Choose an apparatus from one or more of the following, as appropriate to the test method.
4.3.1 Fans that permit good mixing within the zone of manually-injected tracer gases.
These fans are required so as not to give any influence on the ai
...
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