FprEN 13450
(Main)Aggregates for railway ballast
Aggregates for railway ballast
This document specifies the characteristics of aggregates obtained by processing natural or manufactured materials or recycled crushed unbound aggregates for use in the construction of the upper layer of railway track. For the purposes of this document, the aggregate is referred to as railway ballast.
Assessment and Verification of the Constancy of Performance (AVCP) of railway ballast to this document are given in EN 16236.
Aggregates used in construction are meant to comply with the relevant European standards for aggregates. These standards include comprehensive and specific provisions for natural aggregates and recycled railway ballast, dealing with, for example, the stability of certain basalts.
Reused railway ballast is not covered by this document.
Gesteinskörnungen für Gleisschotter
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Merkmale von Gesteinskörnungen zur Verwendung bei der Herstellung des Oberbaus von Bahnkörpern fest, die durch Aufbereitung natürlicher oder industriell hergestellter Stoffe oder rezyklierter gebrochener ungebundener Gesteinskörnungen gewonnen werden. Für die Zwecke dieser Norm werden die Gesteinskörnungen als Gleisschotter bezeichnet.
Anhang A (normativ) enthält eine Liste von betrachteten Ausgangsstoffen, die in den Anwendungsbereich der Norm fallen.
Festlegungen hinsichtlich der Bewertung und Überprüfung der Leistungsbeständigkeit (AVCP) von Gleisschotter nach dieser Europäischen Norm sind in FprEN 16236 zu finden.
Gesteinskörnungen für die Verwendung im Bauwesen müssen alle Anforderungen der einschlägigen Europäischen Normen über diese Stoffe erfüllen. Diese Normen legen sowohl allgemeine wie besondere Anforderungen an natürliche Gesteinskörnungen und rezyklierten Schotter, wie beispielsweise hinsichtlich der Stabilität bestimmter Arten von Basalt, fest.
Erneut verwendeter Gleisschotter wird von dieser Europäischen Norm nicht abgedeckt.
Granulats pour ballasts de voies ferrés
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les caractéristiques des granulats obtenus par traitement de granulats concassés naturels, artificiels ou recyclés utilisés dans la construction de la couche supérieure de la voie ferrée. Pour les besoins de la présente norme, les granulats sont appelés ballasts de voies ferrées.
Une liste des origines des matériaux qui ont été prises en considération et relèvent du domaine d'application de la présente norme est donnée à l'Annexe A (normative).
Les exigences pour l’évaluation et la vérification de la constance des performances (EVCP) des ballasts de voies ferrées sont données dans le FprEN 16236.
Les granulats utilisés dans la construction doivent respecter toutes les exigences des Normes européennes concernées pour les granulats. Ces dernières contiennent les exigences générales et particulières relatives aux granulats naturels, ballasts recyclés, et traitent par exemple de la stabilité de certains basaltes.
Les ballasts de voie ferré ne sont pas couverts par la présente Norme européenne
Agregati za grede železniških prog
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 13450:2015
01-julij-2015
Agregati za grede železniških prog
Aggregates for railway ballast
Gesteinskörnungen für Gleisschotter
Granulats pour ballasts de voies ferrés
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 13450
ICS:
91.100.15 Mineralni materiali in izdelki Mineral materials and
products
93.100 Gradnja železnic Construction of railways
oSIST prEN 13450:2015 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
oSIST prEN 13450:2015
oSIST prEN 13450:2015
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 13450
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2015
ICS 91.100.15 Will supersede EN 13450:2002
English Version
Aggregates for railway ballast
Gesteinsk?nungen f? Gleisschotter
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 154.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 13450:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
oSIST prEN 13450:2015
prEN 13450:2015 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .4
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .7
4 General requirements .8
5 Geometrical requirements .8
5.1 General .8
5.2 Railway ballast sizes .9
5.3 Grading .9
5.4 Content of fine particles .9
5.5 Fines content . 10
5.6 Particle shape - Flakiness index and shape index . 10
5.7 Particle length . 11
5.8 Percentage of crushed particles . 11
6 Physical requirements . 11
6.1 General . 11
6.2 Resistance to fragmentation . 11
6.2.1 Los Angeles . 11
6.2.2 Resistance to impact . 12
6.3 Resistance to wear . 12
6.4 Particle density and water absorption . 13
6.4.1 Particle density . 13
6.4.2 Water absorption . 13
7 Chemical requirements . 13
7.1 General . 13
7.2 Petrographic description . 13
7.3 Dangerous substances . 13
8 Durability . 13
8.1 General . 13
8.2 Magnesium sulfate soundness . 13
8.3 Freeze-thaw resistance . 14
8.3.1 Water absorption as a screening test for freeze-thaw resistance . 14
8.3.2 Resistance to freezing and thawing. 14
8.3.3 Resistance to freezing and thawing in the presence of salt (extreme conditions) . 14
8.4 Electrical conductivity . 15
8.5 Sonnenbrand . 15
9 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance . 16
10 Designation . 16
10.1 Designation and description . 16
10.2 Additional information for the description of railway ballast . 16
11 Marking and labelling . 16
Annex A (normative) Source materials considered in the development of EN 13450 and their
status in respect of the scope of this standard . 17
Annex B (informative) Sampling railway ballast at the construction site either from a railway
wagon or from the track . 20
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B.1 Introduction . 20
B.2 Sampling railway ballast from a railway wagon . 20
B.3 Sampling railway ballast from track without use of a steel frame . 20
B.4 Sampling railway ballast from track using a steel frame . 21
Annex C (informative) Guidance on interpretation of results when samples of railway ballast
have been taken from railway wagon or from track . 23
Annex D (normative) Conditions to be applied to the test procedure specified in EN 1367-2 for
the determination of the resistance of railway ballast to the magnesium sulfate test (see
7.2) . 24
D.1 General . 24
D.2 Apparatus . 24
D.3 Reagents. 24
D.4 Preparation of test specimens . 24
D.5 Procedure . 24
D.6 Calculation and expression of results . 24
D.7 Test report . 25
Annex E (normative) Conditions to be applied to the test procedure specified in EN 1367-1 for
determination of the resistance to freezing and thawing of railway ballast (see 8.3.2) . 26
E.1 General . 26
E.2 Exposure to freezing under water . 26
E.3 Test report . 26
Annex F (informative) Procedure for the incorporation of new source materials . 27
F.1 General procedure . 27
F.2 Format . 27
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU
Construction Products Regulation . 28
ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics . 28
ZA.2 Procedure for AVCP of aggregates for railway ballast . 29
ZA.2.1 Systems of AVCP . 29
ZA.2.2 Declaration of performance (DoP) . 31
ZA.2.2.1 General . 31
ZA.2.2.2 Content. 32
ZA.2.2.3 Examples of DoP . 32
ZA.3 CE marking and labelling. 36
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Foreword
This document (prEN 13450:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 154 “Aggregates”,
the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 13450:2002.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of Construction Products Regulation
(EU) No. 305/2001.
For relationship with EU Regulation, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
The most significant technical changes compared to the previous edition include:
a) Harmonisation of vocabulary and Annex ZA to be consistent with Construction Product Regulations.
b) Unification of categories which are common across the four main aggregate standards: EN 12620,
EN 13043, EN 13139 and EN 13242.
c) Description of assessment and verification of conformity of performance of aggregates (AVCP) - type
testing and factory production control in a separate new standard prEN 16236.
d) Implementing general sentences on dangerous substances and adding a new normative Annex A dealing
with all source materials considered.
e) Unification of definitions which are common across the four main aggregate standards: EN 12620,
EN 13043, EN 13139 and EN 13242.
f) Insertion of a new clause “General Requirements”.
g) Update of the normative references.
h) Modification of the definition to “recycled railway ballast”.
i) Modification of categories for grading.
j) Modification of Tables 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 due to changes in the category names and due to the
introduction of new categories.
k) Addition of new clauses 5.8 “Percentage of crushed particles”, 7. “Chemical requirements”,
7.2 “Petrographic description”, 8.3 “Freeze-thaw resistance” and 8.4 “Electrical conductivity”.
l) Addition of new Tables 10, 11, 12 and 13.
m) Modification of sub-clause 8.5 “Sonnenbrand”.
n) Removal of Annex C (normative) “Conditions to be applied to the test procedure specified in EN 1097-2
for testing the Los Angeles coefficient of railway ballast”, Annex D (normative) “Conditions to be applied
to the test procedure specified in EN 1097-2 for testing the Impact value of railway ballast” and Annex E
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(normative) “Conditions to be applied to the test procedure specified in EN 1097-1 for determination of
the resistance to wear (micro-Deval) of railway ballast”.
In this document the wording ‘property’ and ‘characteristic’ have the same meaning.
Requirements for assessment and verification of constancy of performance are given in prEN 16236: on
Evaluation of conformity of aggregates.
Requirements for other end uses of aggregates are specified in the following European Standards:
— EN 12620, Aggregates for concrete.
— EN 13043, Aggregates for bituminous mixtures and surface treatments for roads, airfields and other
trafficked areas.
— EN 13055, Lightweight aggregates.
— EN 13139, Aggregates for mortar.
— EN 13242, Aggregates for unbound and hydraulically bound materials for use in civil engineering work
and road construction.
— EN 13383-1, Armourstone — Part 1: Specification.
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1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the properties of aggregates obtained by processing natural, manufactured
or recycled crushed unbound aggregates for use in construction of the upper layer of railway track. For the
purposes of this standard, the aggregate is referred to as railway ballast.
A list of the source materials that have been considered and are within the scope of this European Standard is
given in Annex A (normative).
NOTE 1 Reused railway ballast: railway ballast resulting of previously used railway ballast on site and without putting it
on the market is not covered by this European Standard.
Requirements for the Assessment and Verification of the Constancy of Performance (AVCP) of railway balast
to this European Standard are given in prEN 16236.
It incorporates a general requirement that railway ballast shall not release any dangerous substances in
excess of the maximum permitted levels specified in a relevant European Standard for the material or
permitted in the national regulations of the Member State of destination.
Railway ballast used in construction shall conform with all the requirements of this European Standard. The
standard includes comprehensive and specific requirements for natural aggregates and recycled ballast,
dealing with, for example, the stability of certain basalts.
NOTE 2 Guidance on selection of appropriate categories for specific applications can be found in national provisions in
the place of use of the railway ballast.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 932-1:1996, Tests for general properties of aggregates - Part 1: Methods for sampling
EN 932-3, Tests for general properties of aggregates - Part 3: Procedure and terminology for simplified
petrographic description
EN 933-1, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution -
Sieving method
EN 933-3, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 3: Determination of particle shape - Flakiness
index
EN 933-4, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 4: Determination of particle shape - Shape
index
EN 933-5, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 5: Determination of percentage of crushed
and broken surfaces in coarse aggregate particles
EN 1097-1, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 1: Determination of the
resistance to wear (micro-Deval)
EN 1097-2, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 2: Methods for the
determination of resistance to fragmentation
EN 1097-6, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 6: Determination of particle
density and water absorption
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EN 1367-1:2007, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates - Part 1: Determination of
resistance to freezing and thawing
EN 1367-2:2009, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates - Part 2: Magnesium sulfate test
EN 1367-3, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates - Part 3 : Boiling test for "Sonnenbrand
basalt"”
EN 1367-6, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates - Part 6: Determination of resistance to
freezing and thawing in the presence of salt (NaCl)
prEN 16236, Evaluation of conformity of aggregates — Initial Type Testing and Factory Production Control
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
aggregate
granular material of natural, manufactured or recycled origin used in construction
3.2
railway ballast
aggregate where 100 % of the surface of the particles can be described as totally crushed used in the
construction of the upper layer of railway track, with sizes e. g. 22/40 mm, 31,5/50 mm or 31,5/63 mm
3.3
natural railway ballast
aggregate for railway ballast from mineral sources which have been subjected to nothing more than
mechanical processing
Note 1 to entry: Natural railway ballast should be produced without blending material from different geological sources.
3.4
manufactured railway ballast
railway ballast of mineral origin resulting from an industrial process involving thermal or other modification
3.5
recycled railway ballast
railway ballast resulting from the processing of inorganic or mineral material previously used in construction
3.6
level
result of the assessment of the performance of an aggregate in relation to its essential characteristics,
expressed as a numerical value
EXAMPLE WA24 = 0,5 %
Declared
3.7
class
range of levels, delimited by a minimum and a maximum value, of performance of an aggregate
EXAMPLE G 85/15
c
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3.8
category
level or class of a property of railway ballast expressed as a range of values (class) or a limiting value (level
for individual value of declared category)
Note 1 to entry: There is no relationship between the categories of different properties.
EXAMPLE FI 50, f 25 (Declared Category)
Declared
3.9
declared value
level of a property declared by the manufacturer
EXAMPLE ρ 1,5 (Declared value)
rd Declared
3.10
railway ballast size
designation of railway ballast in terms of lower (d) and upper (D) sieve sizes expressed as d/D
Note 1 to entry: This designation accepts the presence of some particles which are retained on the upper sieve
(oversize) and some which pass the lower sieve (undersize).
3.11
fine particles
particle size fraction of railway ballast which passes the 0,5 mm sieve
3.12
fines
particle size fraction of railway ballast which passes the 0,063 mm sieve
4 General requirements
The tables in this standard include categories which are common across the four main aggregates standard:
EN 12620, EN 13043, EN 13139 and EN 13242. Categories, NOTES, comments etc, which are grey shaded,
are not used for railway ballast.
Where conformity with a category is based on a value of a property being less than or equal to a given value,
conformity with a more severe category (lower value) automatically confers conformity with all less severe
categories (higher values). Similarly for categories based on the value of a property being greater than or
equal to a given value, conformity with a more severe (higher value) automatically confers conformity with all
less severe categories (lower values).
When the value of a property is required but not defined by specified limits the value should be declared as an
XX category, e.g. in Table 4 a value of say 40 for the flakiness index corresponds to FI 40
Declared RBDeclared
(Declared category).
When a property is not required, a “No requirement” category may be used.
5 Geometrical requirements
5.1 General
The necessity for testing and declaring all properties specified in this Clause shall be limited according to the
particular application at end use or origin of the railway ballast. When required, the railway ballast shall be
tested as specified in Clause 5 to determine the relevant geometrical properties.
Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with EN 932-1.
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NOTE 1 Advice on sampling from a wagon or the track at the laying site is given in Annex B.
NOTE 2 Guidance on interpretation of results when samples of railway ballast have been taken from railway wagon or
out of track is given in Annex C.
5.2 Railway ballast sizes
All aggregates shall be described in terms of aggregate sizes using the designations d/D, and shall comply
with the grading requirements specified in 5.3.
Railway ballast sizes shall be described by the pair of sieve sizes in millimetres with d as the lower limit
designation sieve and D as the upper limit designation sieve between which most of the particle size
distribution lies.
5.3 Grading
The grading of the railway ballast shall be determined in accordance with EN 933-1 and the results declared in
accordance with the relevant category specified in Table 1.
Table 1 — Categories for grading
Railway ballast Railway
size 31,5 mm to Railway ballast size 31,5 mm to 63 mm ballast size 22
50 mm mm to 40 mm
Sieve size
Percentage passing by mass
mm
Grading category
G
CRB
G A G B G C G D G E
CRB CRB CRB CRB CRB
80 100 100 100 100 -
63 100 95 to 100 95 to 100 93 to 100 -
50 70 to 99 65 to 99 55 to 99 45 to 70 100
40 30 to 65 30 to 65 25 to 75 15 to 40 90 to 100
31,5 1 to 25 1 to 25 1 to 25 0 to 7 60 to 98
22,4 0 to 3 0 to 3 0 to 3 0 to 7 15 to 60
16 - - - - 0 to 15
8 - - - - 0 to 2
31,5 to 50 ≥ 50 - - - -
31,5 to 63 - ≥ 50 ≥ 50 ≥ 85 -
NOTE 1 The requirement for passing the 22,4 mm sieve applies to railway ballast sampled at the place of production.
NOTE 2 In certain circumstances a 25 mm sieve may be used as an alternative to the 22,4 mm sieve, when a
tolerance of 0 to 5 would apply.
NOTE 3 When assessing production within a system of FPC, at least 90 % of gradings, taken on different batches
within a maximum period of 6 months, shall fall within the limits specified in Table 1.
5.4 Content of fine particles
The content of fine particles shall be determined in accordance with EN 933-1 and the results declared in
accordance with the relevant category specified in Table 2.
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Table 2 — Categories for fine particles content
Sieve Maximum percentage passing by mass
size
G
FRB
Fine particle category
mm G A G B G G NR
FRB FRB FRBDeclared FRB
0,5 0,6 1,0 > 1,0 No requirement
NOTE The requirement applies to railway ballast sampled at the place of production.
5.5 Fines content
The fines content shall be determined in accordance with EN 933-1 and the results declared in accordance
with the relevant category specified in Table 3.
When required, cleanliness shall be assessed from the fines content. Fines shall be considered non-harmful if
the total fines content is less than the relevant category specified in Table 3 in accordance with the provisions
valid in the place of use of the aggregate.
Table 3 — Categories for fines content
Sieve Maximum percentage passing by mass
size
Fines content category
f
RB
f A f B f C f f NR
mm
RB RB RB RBDeclared RB
0,5 1,0 1,5 > 1,5 No requirement
0,063
NOTE The requirement applies to railway ballast sampled at the place of production.
5.6 Particle shape - Flakiness index and shape index
When required, the shape of railway ballast shall be determined in accordance with EN 933-3 in terms of the
flakiness index and the results declared in accordance with the relevant category specified in Table 4.
The flakiness index shall be the reference test for the determination of the shape.
Table 4 — Categories for maximum values of flakiness index
Flakiness Index Category
FI
RB
≤ 15 FI 15
RB
FI 20
≤ 20
RB
≤ 25 FI 25
RB
FI 4/25
4 to 25
RB
FI
> 25
RBDeclared
No requirement FI NR
RB
When required, the shape index of railway ballast shall be determined in accordance with EN 933-4 and the
results declared in accordance with the relevant category specified in Table 5.
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Table 5 — Categories for maximum values of shape index
Shape Index Category
SI
RB
≤ 10 SI 10
RB
≤ 20 SI 20
RB
≤ 30 SI 30
RB
SI 5/30
5 to 30
RB
SI
> 30
RBDeclared
No requirement SI NR
RB
5.7 Particle length
Particle length of railway ballast shall be assessed by measuring with an appropriate gauge or callipers.
Limits should be selected from the specified range until such a time as there is more data available on railway
ballast properties related to performance.
When required, the particle length of railway ballast shall be determined and the results declared in
accordance with the relevant category specified in Table 6.
Table 6 — Categories for maximum values of particle length
Percentage by mass with length = 100 mm in a greater than 40 kg sample
Particle length category
L
RB
L A L B L C L D L L NR
RB RB RB RB RBDeclared RB
≤ 4 ≤ 6 ≤ 8 ≤ 12 > 12 No requirement
5.8 Percentage of crushed particles
The percentage of crushed particles including totally crushed particles in accordance with EN 933-5 shall be
100 % for railway ballast.
Aggregates obtained from crushing rock shall be assumed to be category C 100/0 and do not require further
testing.
6 Physical requirements
6.1 General
The necessity for testing and declaring all properties specified in this clause shall be limited according to the
particular application at end use or origin of the railway ballast. When required, the railway ballast shall be
tested as specified in Clause 6 to determine appropriate physical properties.
6.2 Resistance to fragmentation
6.2.1 Los Angeles
When required, the resistance to fragmentation of railway ballast shall be determined in terms of the Los
Angeles coefficient as specified in EN 1097-2, using the conditions as specified in Annex A, and the results
declared in accordance with the relevant category specified in Table 7.
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Table 7 — Categories for maximum values of Los Angeles coefficient
Los Angeles coefficient Category
LA
RB
≤ 12
LA 12
RB
≤ 14 LA 14
RB
≤ 16
LA 16
RB
≤ 20
LA 20
RB
≤ 22
LA 22
RB
≤ 24 LA 24
RB
> 24
LA
RBDeclared
No requirement LA NR
RB
6.2.2 Resistance to impact
Where required, the impact value of railway ballast shall be determined in accordance with EN 1097-2, using
the conditions as specified in Annex A, and the results declared in accordance with the relevant category
specified in Table 8.
Table 8 — Categories for maximum values of resistance to impact
Impact value Category
% SZ
RB
≤ 14 SZ 14
RB
≤ 18
SZ 18
RB
≤ 20
SZ 20
RB
≤ 22
SZ 22
RB
> 22 SZ
RB Declared
No requirement SZ NR
RB
6.3 Resistance to wear
When required, the resistance to wear of railway ballast shall be determined in accordance with EN 1097-1,
using the conditions as specified in Annex A, and the results declared in accordance with the relevant
category specified in Table 9.
Table 9 — Categories for maximum values of resistance to wear
micro-Deval coefficient Category
M
DERB
≤ 5
M 5
DERB
≤ 7 M 7
DERB
≤ 9
M 9
DERB
≤ 11 M 11
DERB
≤ 13
M 13
DERB
≤ 15
M 15
DERB
> 15
M
DERBDeclared
No requirement M NR
DERB
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6.4 Particle density and water absorption
6.4.1 Particle density
When required, the particle density shall be determined in accordance with EN 1097-6 (apparent density) and
the results declared.
6.4.2 Water absorption
When required, the water absorption shall be determined in accordance with EN 1097-6 depending upon the
size of the railway ballast and the results declared.
7 Chemical requirements
7.1 General
The necessity for testing and declaring all properties specified in this clause shall be limited according to the
particular application at end use or origin of the railway ballast. When required, the railway ballast shall be
tested as specified in Clause 7 to determine the appropriate chemical properties.
Railway ballast shall not contain other components or matter than specified in this standard.
7.2 Petrographic description
When required, the petrographic description of railway ballast shall be determined and described in
accordance with EN 932-3 and the results declared.
7.3 Dangerous substances
National regulations on dangerous substances may require verification and declaration on release, and
sometimes content, when construction products covered by this standard are placed on those markets.
In the absence of European harmonized test methods, verification and declaration on release/content should
be done taking into account national provisions in the place of use.
NOTE An informative database covering European and national provisions on dangerous substances is available at
the Construction web site on EUROPA accessed through: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/construction/cpd-ds/
8 Durability
8.1 General
The necessity for testing and declaring all properties specified in this clause shall be limited according to the
particular application at end use or origin of the railway ballast. When required, the railway ballast shall be
tested as specified in Clause 8 to determine the relevant durability properties.
8.2 Magnesium sulfate soundness
When required, the resistance to weathering of railway ballast shall be determined in accordance with the
magnesium sulfate soundness test in EN 1367-2, using the conditions as specified in Annex D, and the results
declared in accordance with the relevant category specified in Table 10.
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Table 10 — Categories for maximum magnesium sulfate soundness
Magnesium sulfate value Category
Percentage loss of mass MS
RB
≤ 3 MS 3
RB
≤ 6 MS 6
RB
> 6 MS
RBDeclared
No requirement MS NR
RB
8.3 Freeze-thaw resistance
8.3.1 Water absorption as a screening test for freeze-thaw resistance
When required, the water absorption value as a screening test shall be determined in accordance with the
procedures specified in EN 1097-6 and the result declared.
If the water absorption, determined in accordance with EN 1097-6 (water absorption of railway ballast
saturated to constant mass), is not greater than 0,5, the railway ballast shall be assumed to be freeze thaw
resistant.
If the water absorption, determined in accordance with EN 1097-6 (water absorption of railway ballast
saturated to constant mass), is greater than 0,5, then the resistance to freezing and thawing shall be
determined in accordance with 8.3.2 or 8.3.3.
NOTE With some railway ballast containing a proportion of porous flint aggregate sources the differentiation between
satisfactory and unsatisfactory freeze-thaw durability can be better assessed by density measurements rather than water
absorption.
8.3.2 Resistance to freezing and thawing
When required, the resistance to freezing and thawing shall be determined in accordance with EN 1367-1,
using the conditions as specified in Annex E, and the results declared in accordance with the relevant
category specified in Table 11.
Table 11 — Categories for maximum freeze-thaw resistance values
Freeze-thaw Category
Percentage loss of mass F
RB
≤ 1 F 1
RB
≤ 2 F 2
RB
≤ 4 F 4
RB
> 4 F
RBDeclared
No requirement F NR
RB
8.3.3 Resistance to freezing and thawing in the presence of salt (extreme conditions)
When required (see Note below), the resistance to freezing and thawing shall be determined in accordance
with EN 1367-6 and the results declared in accordance with the relevant category specified in Table 12. In this
case, the resistance to freezing and thawing (see 8.3.2) shall not be determined.
NOTE The results of this test provide a means for assessing an aggregate’s resistance to frost weathering in areas
where frequent freeze-thaw cycling occurs with seawater sprays or abundant de-icers conditions, and where result values
of EN 1367-1 test method do not describe correctly aggregate performance in extreme conditions.
oSIST prEN 13450:2015
prEN 13450:2015 (E)
This test has been found to be appropriate for certain petrographic types of aggregate (e.g. basalts) under
severe conditions of use and may not be universally applicable to all rock types.
Table 12 — Categories for maximum freeze-thaw resistance in the presence of salt
Freeze-thaw Category
Percentage loss of mass F
ECRB
≤ 2 F 2
ECRB
≤ 4 F 4
ECRB
≤ 5 F 5
ECRB
≤ 6 F 6
ECRB
≤ 8 F 8
ECRB
> 8 F
ECRBDeclared
No requirement F NR
ECRB
NOTE When tests using de-icing solutions other than NaCl, the limits of
Table 12 would not apply.
8.4 Electrical conductivity
When required, the electrical conductivity of railway ballast shall be determined.
Requirements for the declaration of the electrical conductivity of railway ballast are currently under
development. Until such time as these are finalised attention should be paid to requirements at the place of
use.
8.5 Sonnenbrand
Where signs of "Sonnenbrand" are known the loss of mass and the resistance to fragmentation shall be
determined in accordance with EN 1367-3 and EN 1097-2.
NOTE "Sonnenbrand" is a type of rock decay that can be present in some basalts and manifests itself under the
influence of atmospheric conditions. It starts with the appearance of grey/white coloured spots. Usually hairline cracks are
generated radiating out from the spots and interconnecting them. This reduces the strength of the mineral fabric, and as a
result the rock decays to small particles. Depending on the source this process can take place within months of extraction
or extend over several decades. In exceptional cases, a rapid decay results in the formation of large cracks and the
breaking of aggregate particles.
On completion of the boiling test, the loss of mass and the resistance to fragmentation (SB SZ or SB LA)
RB RB
shall be declared in accordance with the relevant category specified in Table 13.
Table 13 — Categories for maximum values of resistance to “Sonnenbrand”
Test Method Result Value Category
SB
RB
Boiling test Loss of mass after boiling ≤ 1 SB
RBSZ
And either Increase of impact value after boiling ≤ 3 SB
RBLA
a) Impact test Increase of Los Angeles coefficient after boiling ≤ 5
or
b) Los Angeles test
Boiling test Loss of mass after boiling > 1 SB
RBSZDeclared
> 3 SB
And either Increase of impact value after boiling
RBLADeclared
oSIST prEN 13450:2015
prEN 13450:2015 (E)
a) Impact test Increase of Los Angeles coefficient after boiling > 5
or
b) Los Angeles test
No requirement SB NR
RB
9 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance
The conformity of the product with the requirements of this standard shall be demonstrated by product type
determination and factory production control by the manufacturer in accordance with prEN 16236.
10 Designation
10.1 Designation and description
Railway ballast shall be identified in the following terms:
a) source and producer - if the material has been re-handled in a depot both source and depot shall be
given; in the case of recycled railway ballast, the source / plant / site / track where it has been taken from
shall be given;
b) type of aggregate as described in Annex A – specific material;
c) railway ballast size.
10.2 Additional information for the description of railway ballast
The necessity for other information depends on the situation and end use, for example:
a) a code to relate the designation to the description;
b) any other additional information needed to identify the particular railway ballast.
The manufacturer shall be informed at the time of order of any special requirements associated with a
particular end use and of requirements for extra information.
11 Marking and labelling
The delivery ticket shall contain at least the following information:
a) source and manufacturer;
b) designation;
c) date of dispatch;
d) serial number of the ticket;
e) reference to this European Standard.
NOTE For CE marking and labelling see ZA.3 for additional information required to be included on the delivery ticket.
oSIST prEN 13450:2015
prEN 13450:2015 (E)
Annex A
(normative)
Source materials considered in the development of EN 13450 and their
status in respect of the scope of this standard
The source types listed in this annex have been considered in the preparation of this standard. Their status
within the standard is indicated in Table A.1. Source materials not described here are outside the scope of
EN 13450.
NOTE 1 CEN/TC 154 intends to keep this inventory under continual review. Any relevant information to assist in the
updating of this annex including any proposal for the inclusion of new source material types can be submitted to the
secretariat of CEN TC 154 (see Annex F).
Sources with no history of use as railway ballast are outside the scope of the standard and cannot be used as
aggregate in conformity with this standard, and are therefore shown grey shaded in Table A.1.
Sources with positive history of use and no identification of the need for additional requirements are within the
scope of the standard.
Sources with a positive history of use and where the need for additional requirements has been identified are
provisionally within scope pending the inclusion of suitable test methods and requirements.
NOTE 2 In situations where the need for additional requirements has been identified, such materials, when placed on
the market as railway ballast, will conform fully with this standard but may also be required to comply with specific relevant
additional requirements at the place of use. Additional characteristics and requirements may be specified on a case by
case basis depending upon experience of use of the product, and defined in specific contractual documents.
In all cases, there is an obligation to control the potential release of regulated dangerous substances (RDS) in
accordance with Member State requirements at the place of use (see 7.3).
Table A.1 — Inventory list with classification codes and status for source materials for EN 13450
railway ballast (1 of 2)
Additional
Special
History of requirements
Nr. Source Subnr. Specific material requirements
use identified for
in standard
inclusion
Natural All petrographic types
P P Yes Yes No
aggregates * included in EN 932-3
A1 Reclaimed asphalt No – –
A2 Crushed concrete No – –
Construction
A3 Crushed bricks, masonry No – –
and demolition
A
recycling
Hydraulically bound and
A4 No – –
industries
unbound materials
Mix of A1, A2, A3 and
A5 No – –
A4
oSIST prEN 13450:2015
prEN 13450:2015 (E)
Municipal incinerator
a
bottom ash
Municipal solid
B1 No – –
(excluding fly ash)
waste
B
(MIBA)
incineration
industry
Municipal incinerator fly
B2 No – –
ash (MIFA)
C1 Coal fly ash No – –
Fluidized bed
C2 combustion fly ash No – –
(FBCFA)
Coal Power
C generation C3 Boiler sl
...
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