EN ISO 1562:2004
(Main)Dentistry - Casting gold alloys (ISO 1562:2004)
Dentistry - Casting gold alloys (ISO 1562:2004)
Zahnheilkunde - Goldgusslegierungen (ISO 1562:2004)
Diese Internationale Norm enthält die Einteilung für, sowie Anforderungen an Dental-Goldgusslegierungen mit einem Massenanteil von mindestens 60 % an Gold und einem Massenanteil von mindestens 75 % an Gold und spezifizierten Platingruppenmetallen (Platin, Palladium, Iridium, Ruthenium und Rhodium). Prüfverfahren werden gegeben, um Informationen zu erhalten über die Korrosionsbeständigkeit, Anlaufbeständigkeit und das elektrochemische Verhalten.
Diese Internationale Norm gilt für Gusslegierungen, die für die Herstellung von Zahnersatz und Füllungen sowie für Konstruktionen ohne Keramikverblendung geeignet sind.
Art dentaire - Alliages d'or à couler (ISO 1562:2004)
Zobozdravstvo – Odlitki iz zlitin zlata (ISO 1562:2004)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
01-november-2004
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 1562:2000
Zobozdravstvo – Odlitki iz zlitin zlata (ISO 1562:2004)
Dentistry - Casting gold alloys (ISO 1562:2004)
Zahnheilkunde - Goldgusslegierungen (ISO 1562:2004)
Art dentaire - Alliages d'or a couler (ISO 1562:2004)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 1562:2004
ICS:
11.060.10 =RERWHKQLþQLPDWHULDOL Dental materials
SIST EN ISO 1562:2004 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
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SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
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SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
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SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 1562
Fourth edition
2004-05-01
Dentistry — Casting gold alloys
Art dentaire — Alliages d'or à couler
Reference number
ISO 1562:2004(E)
©
ISO 2004
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SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
ISO 1562:2004(E)
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ii © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
ISO 1562:2004(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 Classification. 2
5 Requirements . 2
5.1 Chemical composition. 2
5.2 Biocompatibility . 2
5.3 Mechanical properties . 2
5.4 Density . 3
5.5 Corrosion resistance . 3
5.6 Tarnish resistance . 3
5.7 Electrochemical behaviour . 3
5.8 Melting range. 3
6 Sampling . 3
7 Preparation of test specimens. 3
7.1 General. 3
7.2 Specimens for tensile testing . 4
8 Testing. 5
8.1 Visual inspection. 5
8.2 Testing of proof strength of non-proportional extension and of percentage elongation
after fracture . 5
9 Information and instructions . 5
9.1 Information. 5
9.2 Processing instructions . 6
9.3 Hazardous elements . 6
10 Marking. 6
10.1 Alloy. 6
10.2 Package. 6
Annex A (informative) Surface corrosion testing — Static immersion test . 7
Annex B (informative) Tarnish testing — Sodium sulfide test. 9
Annex C (informative) Electrochemical testing — Potentiodynamic test. 11
Bibliography . 16
© ISO 2004 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
ISO 1562:2004(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 1562 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 106, Dentistry, Subcommittee SC 2, Prosthodontic
materials.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 1562:1993), which has been technically revised,
including the following changes:
a) bench-cooling replaces softening and hardening heat treatments of test specimens;
b) introduction of upper limits for beryllium and cadmium;
c) introduction of electrochemical testing (potentiodynamic test).
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SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
ISO 1562:2004(E)
Introduction
Dental casting alloys with noble metal content of at least 25 % (mass fraction) but less than 75 % (mass
fraction) are addressed in ISO 8891.
Dental casting alloys intended solely as the substructure of a metal-ceramic dental restorative system and
also dual-purpose casting gold alloys having at least 75 % (mass fraction) noble metal content are addressed
in ISO 9693.
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SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
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SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1562:2004(E)
Dentistry — Casting gold alloys
1 Scope
This International Standard gives the classification of, and specifies requirements for, dental casting gold
alloys with at least 60 % mass fraction of gold and at least 75 % mass fraction of gold plus specified platinum
group metals (platinum, palladium, iridium, ruthenium and rhodium). Test methods are given for providing
information on corrosion resistance, tarnish resistance and electrochemical behaviour.
This International Standard is applicable to casting alloys suitable for the fabrication of dental restorations and
appliances without ceramic veneer.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3585, Borosilicate glass 3.3 — Properties
ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ISO 6507-1, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1: Test method
ISO 6892, Metallic materials — Tensile testing at ambient temperature
ISO 9693, Metal-ceramic dental restorative systems
ISO 10271, Dental metallic materials — Corrosion test methods
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
bench-cooling
process whereby a casting is retained in its investment with exposed metal uppermost and placed on a flat,
insulating surface in freely circulating air until its temperature falls to ambient
3.2
dual-purpose casting gold alloy
casting gold alloy, in accordance with this International Standard, that is also intended for use as the
substructure of a metal-ceramic dental restorative system in accordance with ISO 9693
3.3
primary pack
container that comes in direct contact with the casting gold alloy
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SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
ISO 1562:2004(E)
4 Classification
For the purposes of this International Standard, dental casting gold alloys are classified, according to their
mechanical properties and the application for which they are recommended, as follows:
— Type 1: low-strength for castings subject to very slight stress, e.g. inlays.
— Type 2: medium-strength for castings subject to moderate stress, e.g. inlays, onlays, and full
crowns.
— Type 3: high-strength for castings subject to high stress, e.g. onlays, thin cast backings,
pontics, crowns and saddles.
— Type 4: extra-high-strength for castings subject to very high stress and used in thin cross-section,
e.g. saddles, bars, clasps, thimbles, unit castings and partial denture
frameworks.
5 Requirements
5.1 Chemical composition
The percentage of each of the constituents in the alloy shall not deviate by more than 0,5 % (mass fraction)
from the values stated on the package label or insert [see 10.2 c)].
The alloy shall not contain more than 0,02 % (mass fraction) of cadmium or beryllium. If the alloy contains
more than 0,1 % (mass fraction) of nickel, the percentage shall not exceed the amount indicated on the outer
package [see 10.2 j)].
Determine the composition, using analytical procedures with sensitivities appropriate to the concentration of
each element, and its permitted deviation from the stated value or permitted limit.
5.2 Biocompatibility
Specific qualitative and quantitative requirements for freedom from biological hazard are not included in this
International Standard, but it is recommended that, in assessing possible biological hazards, reference be
made to ISO 10993-1 and ISO 7405.
5.3 Mechanical properties
The mechanical properties of the alloy, depending on its Type classification, shall comply with the
requirements specified in Table 1.
Testing shall be carried out in accordance with 8.2 on specimens prepared according to 7.1 and 7.2.
Table 1 — Mechanical properties
Minimum proof strength
Minimum percentage elongation
of non-proportional extension
Alloy
after fracture
R
p0,2
MPa %
Type 1 80 18
Type 2 180 10
Type 3 270 5
Type 4
360 3
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SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
ISO 1562:2004(E)
5.4 Density
3
The density of the alloy as delivered shall not deviate by more than 0,5 g/cm from the value stated on the
package label or insert [see 10.2 g)].
Use test procedures with an accuracy appropriate to determine compliance.
5.5 Corrosion resistance
At this time it has not been possible to set requirements for corrosion. However it is recommended that the
static immersion test given in Annex A be used to provide information on the type and quantity of metal ions
which leach from a dental casting alloy.
The test procedure in Annex A is in accordance with ISO 10271.
5.6 Tarnish resistance
At this time it has not been possible to set requirements for tarnish resistance. However it is recommended
that the sodium sulfide tarnish test given in Annex B be used to provide information on the probability of
surface alteration as a result of tarnish.
The test procedure in Annex B is in accordance with ISO 10271.
5.7 Electrochemical behaviour
Either as an alternative or in addition to the static immersion test, the potentiodynamic test given in Annex C
should be used in evaluating the electrochemical behaviour of dental casting gold alloys.
The test procedure in Annex C is in accordance with ISO 10271.
5.8 Melting range
Solidus and liquidus temperatures of the alloy shall not deviate by more than ± 20 °C from the values stated
on the package label or insert [see 10.2 f)].
Determine solidus and liquidus temperatures by the cooling curve method or other procedures with an
accuracy of ± 10 °C.
6 Sampling
The sample shall be adequate to prepare the specimens as required in 7.2 and Annexes A, B and C (if used),
and shall be from one batch (lot). Further samples and packaging materials shall be made available for
inspection in accordance with 8.1.
7 Preparation of test specimens
7.1 General
Prepare the test specimens by the lost wax process of investment casting generally employed in a dental
laboratory, following the manufacturer's instructions for use (investing, melting and casting).
Unless the manufacturer recommends otherwise, bench-cool the casting, divest and carefully separate the
sprues and remove any casting beads, fins, etc.
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If a manufacturer recommends a heat treatment for hardening [see 9.1 d)] for all castings, apply this heat
treatment to all test specimens.
Replace any test specimens that contain visible defects.
7.2 Specimens for tensile testing
For tensile testing in accordance with Clause 8, prepare specimens, which comply with Figure 1 or Figure 2,
cast and finished in accordance with 7.1.
NOTE Test specimens normally require no further finishing after the treatment described above.
Dimensions in millimetres
a
Gauge length.
b
Parallel section of test specimen.
Figure 1 — Test specimen with conical shoulders
Dimensions in millimetres
a
Gauge length.
b
Parallel section of test specimen.
Figure 2 — Test specimen with radius shoulders
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SIST EN ISO 1562:2004
ISO 1562:2004(E)
8 Testing
8.1 Visual inspection
Visually inspect to check that requirements specified in Clauses 9 and 10 have been met.
8.2 Testing of proof strength of non-proportional extension and of percentage elongation
after fracture
8.2.1 Tensile testing
Determine the proof strength of 0,2 % non-proportional extension and the percentage elongation after fracture
in accordance with ISO 6892 on six test specimens cast and finished in accordance with Clause 7. Load the
test specimens in tension in a universal tensile testing machine at a cross-head speed of (1,5 ± 0,5) mm/min
up to the fracture point of the specimens.
Determine the force from the force/elongation recording for 0,2 % non-proportional extension and calcula
...
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