EN 61828:2001

Ultrasonics - Focusing transducers - Definitions and measurement methods for the transmitted fields

Provides definitions for the transmitted field characteristics of focusing transducers for applications in medical ultrasound; relates these definitions to theoretical descriptions, design, and measurement of the transmitted fields of focusing transducers. Gives measurement methods for obtaining defined characteristics of focusing transducers. Specifies beam axis alignment methods appropriate for focusing transducers.

Ultraschall - Fokusierende Wandler - Definitionen und Messverfahren für die erzeugten Felder

Ultrasons - Transducteurs focaliseurs - Définitions et méthodes de mesure des champs transmis

La présente Norme internationale spécifie: - des définitions des caractéristiques du champ transmis de transducteurs focalisants pour des applications ultrasonores médicales; - la relation entre ces définitions et les descriptions théoriques, la conception et le mesurage des champs transmis par des transducteurs focalisants; - des méthodes de mesurage pour l'obtention de caractéristiques définies de transducteurs focalisants; - des méthodes d'alignement de l'axe du faisceau adaptées aux transducteurs focalisants. La présente Norme internationale se réfère à des transducteurs ultrasonores focalisants fonctionnant dans la plage de fréquences appropriée pour des applications ultrasonores médicales (soit de 0,5 MHz à 40 MHz) aussi bien thérapeutiques que diagnostiques. La présente norme montre comment les caractéristiques du champ transmis par les transducteurs peuvent être décrites du point de vue de la conception et mesurées par une personne n'ayant aucune connaissance préalable des détails de construction d'un appareil spécifique. Le champ ultrasonore émis pour une excitation spécifiée est mesuré par un hydrophone soit dans un milieu d'essai standard (par exemple de l'eau), soit dans un autre milieu donné. La Norme s'applique uniquement à des milieux où le comportement du champ est essentiellement similaire à celui constaté dans un fluide (c'est-à-dire où l'influence des ondes de cisaillement et de l'anisotropie élastique est faible), cela comprenant les tissus mous et les gels imitant un tissu. Tous les aspects du champ affectant leur description théorique ou qui sont importants pour la conception sont aussi inclus. Ces définitions peuvent être utiles dans des communications scientifiques, pour la conception d'appareils et pour la description du rendement et de la sécurité de systèmes utilisant ces dispositifs.

Ultrasonics - Focusing transducers - Definitions and measurement methods for the transmitted fields (IEC 61828:2001)

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 11-Oct-2001
• Withdrawal Date: 31-Aug-2004
• ICS: 17.140.50 - Electroacoustics
• Technical Committee: CLC/SR 87 - CLC/SR 87
• Drafting Committee: IEC/TC 87 - IEC_TC_87
• Parallel Committee: IEC/TC 87 - IEC_TC_87
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 19-Jan-2024
• Completion Date: 19-Jan-2024
• Ref Project: SIST EN 61828:2002 - Ultrasonics - Focusing transducers - Definitions and measurement methods for the transmitted fields

Relations

• Replaced By: EN IEC 61828:2021 - Ultrasonics - Transducers - Definitions and measurement methods regarding focusing for the transmitted fields
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2002
Ultrasonics - Focusing transducers - Definitions and measurement methods for
the transmitted fields (IEC 61828:2001)
Ultrasonics - Focusing transducers - Definitions and measurement methods for the
transmitted fields
Ultraschall - Fokusierende Wandler - Definitionen und Messverfahren für die erzeugten
Felder
Ultrasons - Transducteurs focaliseurs - Définitions et méthodes de mesure des champs
transmis
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61828:2001
ICS:
11.040.55 'LDJQRVWLþQDRSUHPD Diagnostic equipment
17.140.50 Elektroakustika Electroacoustics
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61828
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM October 2001
ICS 17.140.50
English version
Ultrasonics -
Focusing transducers -
Definitions and measurement methods
for the transmitted fields
(IEC 61828:2001)
Ultrasons - Ultraschall -
Transducteurs focaliseurs - Fokusierende Wandler -
Définitions et méthodes de mesure Definitionen und Messverfahren
des champs transmis für die erzeugten Felder
(CEI 61828:2001) (IEC 61828:2001)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2001-09-01. CENELEC members are bound to
comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and
notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2001 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61828:2001 E
Foreword
The text of document 87/196/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61828, prepared by IEC TC 87, Ultrasonics,
was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61828 on
2001-09-01.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2002-06-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2004-09-01
Annexes designated "normative" are part of the body of the standard.
Annexes designated "informative" are given for information only.
In this standard, annex ZA is normative and annexes A, B and C are informative.
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61828:2001 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 61161:1992 NOTE: Harmonized as EN 61161:1994 (not modified).
IEC 62092:2001 NOTE: Harmonized as EN 62092:2001 (not modified).
__________
- 3 - EN 61828:2001
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any
of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or
revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including
amendments).
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-801 1994 International Electrotechnical --
Vocabulary (IEV) -
Chapter 801: Acoustics and
electroacoustics
IEC 61102 1991 Measurement and characterisation of EN 61102 1993
ultrasonic fields using hydrophones in
the frequency range 0,5 MHz to 15 MHz
IEC 61157 1992 Requirements for the declaration of the EN 61157 1994
acoustic output of medical diagnostic
ultrasonic equipment
IEC 61689 1996 Ultrasonics - Physiotherapy systems - EN 61689 1996
Performance requirements and methods
of measurement in the frequency range
0,5 MHz to 5 MHz
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
2001-05
Ultrasons – Transducteurs focalisants –
Définitions et méthodes de mesurage
pour les champs transmis
Ultrasonics – Focusing transducers –
Definitions and measurement methods
for the transmitted fields
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61828  IEC:2006 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.7
INTRODUCTION.11
1 Scope.13
2 Normative references .13
3 General .15
3.1 Focusing transducers .15
3.2 System and measurement requirements.19
3.3 General focused field descriptions.21
4 Focusing definitions.25
4.1 Background information.25
4.2 Definitions .25
5 List of symbols .51
6 Measurement procedures .53
6.1 General .53
6.2 Finding the beam axis .53
6.3 Determining if transducer is focusing.57
6.4 Measuring other focal parameters of a focusing transducer .59

Annex A (informative) Background for the transmission/ Characteristics of focusing
transducers .81
Annex B (informative) Methods for determining the beam axis for well-behaved
beams .91
Annex C (informative) Methods for determining the beam axis for beams that are not
well-behaved .99

Bibliography.103

Figure 1 – Transducer options – Top: Transducer with a radius of curvature R and a focal
length equal to R – Middle: Transducer with a plano-concave lens – Bottom: Transducer
with a plano-convex lens.63
Figure 2 – Definitions for focusing measurements when the transducer geometry is
unknown .65
Figure 3 – Field parameters for non-focusing and focusing transducers .67
Figure 4 – Beam contour plot – Contours at –6, –12, and –20 dB for a 5 MHz transducer
with a diameter of 25 mm and a radius of curvature of 50 mm centred at location 0,0
(bottom centre of graph) .69
Figure 5 – Parameters for describing a focusing transducer of a known geometry.71
Figure 6 – Path difference parameters for describing a focusing transducer of a known
geometry .73
Figure 7 – Beamwidth focus in a principal longitudinal plane.75
Figure 8 –Types of geometric focusing.77
Figure 9 – Pressure focus in a principal longitudinal plane.79

61828  IEC:2006 – 5 –
Figure B.1 – X-axis scan at 9 cm depth for the first focal zone with beam centre .93
Figure B.2 – X-axis scan at 4,4 cm depth for the second focal zone.95
Figure C.1 – Asymmetric beam showing beamwidth midpoint method .101

Table B.1 – Standard deviations for x and y scans using three methods of determining
the centre of the beam .93
Table B.2 – –dB beamwidth levels for determining midpoints .97

61828  IEC:2006 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ULTRASONICS – FOCUSING TRANSDUCERS –
DEFINITIONS AND MEASUREMENT METHODS
FOR THE TRANSMITTED FIELDS
FOREWORD
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