prEN IEC 62314:2020
(Main)Solid-state relays
Solid-state relays
This International Standard applies to particular all-or-nothing electrical relays denominated solid-state relays intended for performing electrical operations by single step function changes to the state of electric circuits between the OFF-state and the ON-state and vice versa. This document deals with solid-state relays which are intended for incorporation in other products or equipment. As such, solid-state relays are considered to be components and this document defines the basic safety-related and functional requirements for solid-state relays as stand-alone components. Such solid-state relays are incorporated in products or equipment which themselves have to comply with the relevant product and/or application standard(s) to meet their intended application. The following are examples of such applications: - general industrial equipment; - electrical facilities; - electrical machines; - electrical appliances; - office communications; - building automation and environmental control; - automation and process control; - electrical installation engineering; - medical engineering; - telecommunications; - vehicle engineering; - transportation engineering; - lighting control. Where the component is intended to be incorporated into the equipment by the final user without EMC knowledge, an assessment for EMC compliance is available. There are no EMC requirements for solid state relays intended for incorporation into the equipment by the equipment manufacturer, because the performance strongly depends on the application into the equipment. Solid-state switching devices with monolithic structures fall within the scope of IEC sub195 committee 47E and are not covered in this document. Semiconductor controllers and contactors fall within the scope of the IEC 60947 series of standards - Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - developed by IEC subcommittee 121A and are not covered in this document. Compliance with the requirements of this document is verified by the type tests and routine tests indicated. The object of this document is to state: - the characteristics of solid-state relays; - the requirements which solid-state relays shall comply with reference to a) their operation and behaviour; b) their 205 dielectric properties; - the tests verifying that the requirements have been met, and the test methods to be adopted; - the information to be given with the solid-state relay or in the manufacturer’s documentation.
Halbleiterrelais
Relais statiques
Polprevodniški releji
General Information
RELATIONS
Standards Content (sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 62314:2020
01-november-2020
Polprevodniški releji
Solid-state relays
Halbleiterrelais
Relais statiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 62314:2020
ICS:
29.120.70 Releji Relays
oSIST prEN IEC 62314:2020 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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94/480/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 62314 ED2
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2020-10-02 2020-12-25
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
94/470/CD, 94/473/CC
IEC TC 94 : ALL-OR-NOTHING ELECTRICAL RELAYS
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
Austria Mr Bernhard Spalt
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if
any, in this CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY
SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING NOT SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING
Attention IEC-CENELEC parallel votingThe attention of IEC National Committees, members of
CENELEC, is drawn to the fact that this Committee Draft
for Vote (CDV) is submitted for parallel voting.
The CENELEC members are invited to vote through the
CENELEC online voting system.
This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of
which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.TITLE:
Solid-state relays
PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2023
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:
Copyright © 2020 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is permitted to download this
electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National Committee positions.
You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for any other purpose without
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94/480/CDV – 2 – IEC CDV 62314:2020 IEC 2020(E)
1 CONTENTS
2 FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 4
3 1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 6
4 2 Normative references ...................................................................................................... 7
5 3 Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................... 8
6 3.1 Terms and definitions related to relays.................................................................... 8
7 3.2 Terms and definitions related to insulation coordination (see clause 12) ............... 12
8 4 Characteristics of solid-state relays ............................................................................... 15
9 4.1 Type of solid-state relay ........................................................................................ 15
10 5 Rated values ................................................................................................................. 15
11 5.1 Rated and limiting values for load circuits and for insulation coordination ............. 15
12 5.2 Load category ....................................................................................................... 16
13 5.3 Rated and limiting values for control circuits ......................................................... 17
14 5.4 Normal service, transport and storage conditions .................................................. 18
15 5.5 Normal mounting conditions .................................................................................. 18
16 6 Provisions for test .......................................................................................................... 18
17 6.1 Type test............................................................................................................... 18
18 6.2 Routine test .......................................................................................................... 19
19 7 Documentation and marking .......................................................................................... 19
20 7.1 Data ...................................................................................................................... 19
21 7.2 Instructions for installation, operation and maintenance ........................................ 20
22 7.3 Marking ................................................................................................................. 21
23 8 Temperature-rise ........................................................................................................... 21
24 8.1 General ................................................................................................................. 21
25 8.2 Test conditions ..................................................................................................... 21
26 9 Basic operating Function ............................................................................................... 22
27 9.1 OFF-state leakage current measurement .............................................................. 22
28 9.2 ON-state voltage drop measurement ..................................................................... 22
29 10 Electrical endurance ...................................................................................................... 22
30 10.1 Overload test ........................................................................................................ 22
31 10.2 Endurance test...................................................................................................... 24
32 11 Clearances and creepage distances .............................................................................. 26
33 11.1 General ................................................................................................................. 26
34 11.2 Basis for insulation coordination ........................................................................... 26
35 11.3 Requirements and dimensioning rules ................................................................... 27
36 11.4 Tests and measurements ...................................................................................... 30
37 11.5 Alternative test methods ....................................................................................... 31
38 12 Terminations ................................................................................................................. 31
39 12.1 Quick-connect terminations ................................................................................... 31
40 12.2 Screw-type and screwless-type clamping-units ..................................................... 34
41 12.3 Solder terminals .................................................................................................... 34
42 12.4 Sockets ................................................................................................................. 34
43 13 Heat and fire resistance ................................................................................................. 35
44 13.1 Materials ............................................................................................................... 35
45 13.2 Ball pressure test .................................................................................................. 36
46 14 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) ............................................................................. 36
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47 Annex A (normative) Test for solid-state relays intended for self ballasted lamp loads ......... 37
48 Annex B (informative) Risk assessment ............................................................................... 40
49 B.1 General ................................................................................................................. 40
50 B.2 Risk assessment procedure .................................................................................. 40
51 Annex C (normative) Pollution degree .................................................................................. 47
52 Annex D (normative) Rated impulse withstand voltages ....................................................... 48
53 Annex E (informative) Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) ................................................. 50
54 E.1 General ................................................................................................................. 50
55 E.2 EMC immunity ...................................................................................................... 50
56 E.3 EMC radiated and conducted emission ................................................................. 53
58 Figure A.1 – Circuit diagram for testing solid-state relay ....................................................... 37
59 Figure B.1 – Iterative process of risk assessment and risk reduction ..................................... 41
60 Figure B.2 – Risk reduction ................................................................................................... 43
62 Table 1 – Load categories..................................................................................................... 17
63 Table 2 – Type testing .......................................................................................................... 19
64 Table 3 – Routine tests ......................................................................................................... 19
65 Table 4 – Required data ....................................................................................................... 20
66 Table 5 – Minimum requirements for overload capability test conditions ............................... 23
67 Table 6 – Endurance test ...................................................................................................... 25
68 Table 7 – Minimum clearance ............................................................................................... 28
69 Table 8 – Minimum creepage distances for solid-state relays ................................................ 29
70 Table 9 – Preconditioning ..................................................................................................... 31
71 Table 10 – Cross-sectional areas for conductors depending on the resistive current
72 carried by the terminal .......................................................................................................... 32
73 Table 11 – Test conditions for test Tb ................................................................................... 34
74 Table A.1 – Values for I and I t depending on the type of distribution system ................ 38
peak75 Table A.2 – Calculated circuit parameters ............................................................................. 38
76 Table A.3 – Number of operations for endurance test ........................................................... 39
77 Table B.1 – Examples for the relation between failure mode, consequences and hazard ...... 44
78 Table B.2 – Severity of harm ................................................................................................. 45
79 Table B.3 – Probability of harm ............................................................................................. 45
80 Table B.4 – Risk category ..................................................................................................... 45
81 Table D.1 – Rated impulse withstand voltages (waveform: 1,2/50 µs) for solid-state
82 relays connected directly to the mains .................................................................................. 48
83 Table E.1 – Environmental conditions influencing EMC ......................................................... 50
84 Table E.2 – Immunity tests for industrial environments ......................................................... 51
85 Table E.3 – Immunity tests for residential, commercial and light-industrial86 environments ........................................................................................................................ 52
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94/480/CDV – 4 – IEC CDV 62314:2020 IEC 2020(E)
89 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
90 ____________
92 SOLID-STATE RELAYS
95 FOREWORD
96 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
97 all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
98 co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
99 in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
100 Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
101 preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
102 may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
103 with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
104 Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
105 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
106 consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
107 interested IEC National Committees.108 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
109 Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
110 Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
111 misinterpretation by any end user.112 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
113 transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
114 any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
115 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
116 assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
117 services carried out by independent certification bodies.118 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
119 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
120 members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
121 other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
122 expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
123 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
124 indispensable for the correct application of this publication.125 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
126 rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
127 International Standard IEC 62314 has been prepared by technical committee 94: All-or-nothing
128 electrical relays.129 This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2006. This edition
130 constitutes a technical revision.131 This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
132 edition:133 a) addition of load category LC N, LC O and LC P for DC load;
134 b) addition of load category LC G for self-ballasted lamp load;
135 c) addition of “sockets” terminal;
136 d) requirement for degree of protection;
137 e) update of references.
138 Secretary note: this list is subject to being updated at the appropriate times in the project
139 workflow and this note will be removed when having reached the FDIS stage.140
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141 Secretary note: clauses and/or subclauses which are titled as “Vacant” will be deleted and re-
142 numbered during the next step. The text of this International Standard is based on the following
143 documents:4CD CC
94/470/CD 94/473/CC
144
145 Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in the
146 report on voting indicated in the above table.147 This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The
148 committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
149 stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
150 the specific document. At this date, the publication will be151 • reconfirmed;
152 • withdrawn;
153 • replaced by a revised edition, or
154 • amended.
155
156 A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.
157 The National Committees are requested to note that for this document the stability date
158 is 20XX.159 THIS TEXT IS INCLUDED FOR THE INFORMATION OF THE NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND WILL BE DELETED
160 AT THE PUBLICATION STAGE.161
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162 SOLID-STATE RELAYS
163
164
165 1 Scope
166 This International Standard applies to particular all-or-nothing electrical relays denominated
167 solid-state relays intended for performing electrical operations by single step function changes
168 to the state of electric circuits between the OFF-state and the ON-state and vice versa.
169 This document deals with solid-state relays which are intended for incorporation in other
170 products or equipment. As such, solid-state relays are considered to be components and this
171 document defines the basic safety-related and functional requirements for solid-state relays as
172 stand-alone components.173 Such solid-state relays are incorporated in products or equipment which themselves have to
174 comply with the relevant product and/or application standard(s) to meet their intended
175 application. The following are examples of such applications:176 – general industrial equipment;
177 – electrical facilities;
178 – electrical machines;
179 – electrical appliances;
180 – office communications;
181 – building automation and environmental control;
182 – automation and process control;
183 – electrical installation engineering;
184 – medical engineering;
185 – telecommunications;
186 – vehicle engineering;
187 – transportation engineering;
188 – lighting control.
189 Where the component is intended to be incorporated into the equipment by the final user without
190 EMC knowledge, an assessment for EMC compliance is available. There are no EMC
191 requirements for solid state relays intended for incorporation into the equipment by the
192 equipment manufacturer, because the performance strongly depends on the application into the
193 equipment.194 Solid-state switching devices with monolithic structures fall within the scope of IEC sub-
195 committee 47E and are not covered in this document.196 Semiconductor controllers and contactors fall within the scope of the IEC 60947 series of
197 standards – Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – developed by IEC subcommittee 121A
198 and are not covered in this document.199 Compliance with the requirements of this document is verified by the type tests and routine
200 tests indicated.201 The object of this document is to state:
202 – the characteristics of solid-state relays;
203 – the requirements which solid-state relays shall comply with reference to
204 a) their operation and behaviour;
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205 b) their dielectric properties;
206 – the tests verifying that the requirements have been met, and the test methods to be adopted;
207 – the information to be given with the solid-state relay or in the manufacturer’s documentation.
208 2 Normative references209 The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
210 constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
211 For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
212 amendments) applies.213 IEC 60038:2009, IEC standard voltages
214 IEC 60050-444:2002, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 444: Elementary
215 relays216 IEC 60068-2-1:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Tests A: Cold
217 IEC 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Tests B: Dry heat
218 IEC 60068-2-14:2009, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Test N: Change of temperature
219 IEC 60068-2-20:2008, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Test T: Soldering
220 IEC 60068-2-78:2012, Environmental testing – Part 2-78: Tests – Test Cab: Damp heat, steady
221 state222 IEC 60112:2003/AMD1:2009, Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative
223 tracking indices of solid insulating materials224 IEC 60664-1:2007, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
225 Principles, requirements and tests226 Secretary note :IEC 60664-1:2020 is under confirming.
227 IEC 60664-3:2016, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 3:
228 Use of coating, potting or moulding for protection against pollution229 IEC 60669-1:2017, Switches for household and similar fixed-electrical installations – Part 1:
230 General requirements231 IEC 60695-2-10:2013, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-10: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
232 Glow-wire apparatus and common test procedure233 IEC 60747-5-5:2007, Semiconductor devices - Discrete devices – Part 5-5: Optoelectronic
234 devices - Photocouplers235 IEC 60999-1:1999, Connecting devices – Electrical copper conductors – Safety requirements
236 for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units – Part 1: General requirements and particular
2 2237 requirements for clamping units for conductors from 0,2 mm up to 35 mm (included)
238 IEC 61000-4 (all parts), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4: Testing and
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240 IEC 61210:2010, Connecting devices – Flat quick-connect terminations for electrical copper
241 conductors – Safety requirements242 IEC 61760-1:2006, Surface mounting technology – Part 1: Standard method for the
243 specification of surface mounting components (SMDs)244 IEC 61810-1:2015, Electromechanical elementary relays – Part 1: General and safety
245 requirements246 IEC 61984:2008, Connectors – Safety requirements and tests
247 IEC 62368-1:2018, Audio/video, information and communication technology equipment – Part 1:
248 Safety requirements249 IEC TS 62993:2018, Guidance for determination of clearances, creepage distances and
250 requirements for solid insulation for equipment with a rated voltage above 1 000 V AC and 1
251 500 V DC, and up to 2 000 V AC and 3 000 V DC252 CISPR 11:2015+AMD1:2016+AMD2:2019, Industrial, scientific and medical equipment – Radio-
253 frequency disturbance characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement254 Amendment 1 (2010)
255 CISPR 32:2015, Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment – Emission
256 requirements257 Secretary note: all normative references will be checked and updated in a later stage.
258 3 Terms and definitions259 For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-444 and the
260 following apply.261 3.1 Terms and definitions related to relays
262 3.1.1
263 electrical relay
264 device designed to produce sudden and predetermined changes in one or more output circuits
265 when certain conditions are fulfilled in the electrical input circuits controlling the device
266 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-444:2002, 444-01-01]267 3.1.2
268 solid-state relay
269 electrical relay in which the intended response is produced by electronic, magnetic, optical or
270 other components without mechanical motion271 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-444:2002, 444-01-06]
272 3.1.3
273 rated operational voltage
274 U
275 value of voltage which determines the application of the solid-state relay and to which the
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277 3.1.4
278 rated insulation voltage
279 U
280 value of voltage to which dielectric tests and creepage distances are referred
281 3.1.5282 rated impulse withstand voltage
283 U
imp
284 peak value of an impulse voltage of prescribed form and polarity which the solid-state relay is
285 capable of withstanding without failure under specified conditions of test and to which the values
286 of the clearances are referred287 3.1.6
288 ON-state
289 specified condition of the solid-state relay when the output semiconductor is in the conducting
290 state291 3.1.7
292 OFF-state
293 specified condition of the solid-state relay when the output semiconductor is in the isolating
294 (non-conducting) state295 3.1.8
296 normally open element
297 switching element which is in ON-state condition when the solid-state relay is in its operate
298 condition and which is in OFF-state condition when the solid-state relay is in its release
299 condition300 3.1.9
301 normally closed element
302 switching element which is in OFF-state condition when the solid-state relay is in its operate
303 condition and which is in ON-state condition when the solid-state relay is in its release condition
304 3.1.10305 rated operational current
306 I
307 normal operating current when the solid-state relay is in the ON-state and takes into account
308 the rated frequency (see 5.1), the load category (see 5.2) and the overload characteristics at
309 40 °C ambient temperature unless otherwise specified310 3.1.11
311 rated uninterrupted current
312 I
313 value of current, stated by the manufacturer, which the solid-state relay can carry in
314 uninterrupted duty315 3.1.12
316 rated frequency
317 supply frequency for which a solid-state relay is designed and to which the other characteristic
318 values correspond319 Note 1 to entry: The same solid-state relay may be assigned a number or a range of rated frequencies or be rated
320 for both AC and DC321 3.1.13
322 overload current profile
323 gives the current/time coordinates for the controlled overload current
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324 3.1.14
325 operating capability
326 represents the combined capabilities of
327 – establishing and sustaining the ON-state and current carrying, and
328 – establishing and sustaining the OFF-state (blocking),
329 at maximum rated operational voltage under specified load and overload conditions in
330 accordance with load category, overload current profile and specified duty cycles
331 3.1.15332 rated conditional short-circuit current
333 value of prospective current, stated by the manufacturer, which the solid-state relay, protected
334 by a short-circuit protective device specified by the manufacturer, can withstand satisfactorily
335 for the operating time of this device under the test conditions specified in the relevant product
336 standard337 3.1.16
338 leakage current
339 I
340 maximum current (peak or RMS value for AC), stated by the manufacturer, flows through the
341 output circuit in OFF-state condition342 3.1.17
343 ON-state voltage drop
344 U
345 maximum voltage (peak or RMS value for AC), stated by the manufacturer, between output
346 terminals in the ON-state condition347 3.1.18
348 ON-state resistance
349 R
350 maximum value of resistance, stated by the manufacturer, between output terminals in the ON-
351 state condition352 3.1.19
353 power consumption
354 P
355 value of total power consumed of the control circuit and/or the supply circuit, if any
356 3.1.20357 rated control circuit voltage
358 U
359 rated value of the control signal voltage
360 3.1.21
361 rated control circuit current
...
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