ETSI GR NFV-SEC 011 V1.1.1 (2018-04)

Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); Security; Report on NFV LI Architecture

DGR/NFV-SEC011

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 05-Apr-2018
• Technical Committee: NFV SEC - Security
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 24-Apr-2018
• Completion Date: 06-Apr-2018

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI GR NFV-SEC 011 V1.1.1 (2018-04)






GROUP REPORT
Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV);
Security;
Report on NFV LI Architecture
Disclaimer
The present document has been produced and approved by the Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) ETSI Industry
Specification Group (ISG) and represents the views of those members who participated in this ISG.
It does not necessarily represent the views of the entire ETSI membership.

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2 ETSI GR NFV-SEC 011 V1.1.1 (2018-04)



Reference
DGR/NFV-SEC011
Keywords
lawful interception, NFV, security

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3 ETSI GR NFV-SEC 011 V1.1.1 (2018-04)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Definitions . 7
3.2 Abbreviations . 7
4 Problem Statement Lawful Interception in NFV . 8
4.1 General . 8
4.2 Security . 8
4.2.1 General . 8
4.2.2 Basic Trust and Default Security Stance . 8
4.2.2.1 General . 8
4.2.2.2 The One Deity Complex . 8
4.2.2.3 Basic LI Security Stance . 9
4.2.2.4 System Trust and Isolation . 9
4.2.3 LI Function Visibility and Hiding . 9
4.2.4 Data Egress and Communication . 10
4.3 Mobility and Location . 10
4.3.1 Virtualised Function Location . 10
4.3.1.1 General Location and Simple VNFs . 10
4.3.1.2 Multi VNFCI VNFs . 10
4.3.2 Inferred Location of the Target . 11
4.3.3 VNF Migration . 11
4.3.4 User Mobility . 12
4.4 Network Architecture . 13
4.5 Administration and Instantiation . 13
4.6 Mediation and Egress . 13
4.7 Correlation and Timing . 14
4.8 VNF Scaling . 14
5 LI Architecture . 16
5.1 General . 16
5.2 High Level Architecture . 16
5.3 Reference Point Architecture . 17
6 LI Deployment Scenarios . 18
6.1 General . 18
6.2 POI VNF Embedded - Trusted VNF . 19
6.2.1 Reference Diagram . 19
6.2.2 Components and Interfaces description . 20
6.3 POI VNF Embedded - Low-Trust VNF . 21
6.3.1 Reference Diagram . 21
6.3.2 Components and Interfaces description . 22
6.4 Non VNF Embedded POI . 23
6.4.1 General . 23
6.4.2 Non-Embedded POI . 24
6.4.3 NFV Layer POI . 24
6.4.4 NFV External Hardware POI . 25
6.5 LI Routing Proxy Gateway . 25
ETSI

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4 ETSI GR NFV-SEC 011 V1.1.1 (2018-04)
6.5.1 General . 25
6.5.2 LRPG Functionality . 25
6.6 LI Controller . 26
6.6.1 Overview . 26
6.6.2 LI Controller Functions . 26
6.6.2.1 The LI Service Controller . 26
6.6.2.2 The LI Security Controller . 26
6.7 LEMF . 26
6.7.1 General . 26
6.7.2 Virtualisation (vLEMF) . 27
6.7.3 Scaling and Dynamic Configuration . 27
6.7.4 Single logical vLEMF . 27
7 Part VNF Part Legacy Implementations. 27
7.1 Overview . 27
7.2 General Implications . 28
7.2.1 ADMF . 28
7.2.1.1 Backward compatibility . 28
7.2.1.2 Standalone vs NFV Virtualised . 28
7.2.2 MF/DF . 29
7.2.2.1 Backward compatibility . 29
7.2.2.2 Standalone vs NFV Virtualised . 29
7.2.2.3 Handover Aspects . 29
7.2.3 Mixed Legacy and Virtualised Functions . 30
7.2.4 VNF Mobility . 30
7.2.5 Target Mobility . 30
7.2.6 LI Security Risks in Hybrid Deployment Scenarios . 31
7.2.6.1 Overview . 31
7.2.6.2 Virtualised Node Compromise . 31
7.2.6.3 Legacy Node Compromise . 31
7.2.6.4 Mitigations . 31
8 LI Solutions . 32
8.1 LI Deployment and Lifecycle Management . 32
8.1.1 Overview . 32
8.1.2 LI Deployment and Lifecycle Management Overview . 32
8.1.3 LI VNF instantiation . 34
8.1.4 Embedded Virtualised POI Security Provisioning and Configuration . 36
8.1.4.1 General . 36
8.1.4.2 Virtualised POI On-Boarding. 37
8.1.4.3 POI Instantiation . 38
8.1.5 Initial Communication Establishment and Certificate Provision . 39
8.1.5.1 General . 39
8.1.5.2 Trusted MANO . 39
8.1.5.3 Low Trust MANO . 39
8.1.6 ADMF VNFI and Connectivity Tracking . 40
8.1.6.1 General . 40
8.1.6.2 ADMF VNFI Tracking . 40
8.1.6.3 ADMF VNFI Connectivity Tracking . 40
8.1.6.4 VNFI scaling/migration . 41
8.2 LI Solutions Evolution Stages . 41
8.2.1 Overview . 41
8.2.2 Stage 1 Evolution . 44
8.2.3 Stage 2 Evolution . 45
8.2.4 Stage 3 Evolution . 46
8.2.5 Stage 4 Evolution . 47
Annex A (informative): Authors & contributors . 48
History . 49

ETSI

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5 ETSI GR NFV-SEC 011 V1.1.1 (2018-04)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Group Report (GR) has been produced by ETSI Industry Specification Group (ISG) Network Functions
Virtualisation (NFV).
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be
interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
Introduction
Virtualised CSP networks are required to be able to support lawful interception and other mandatory regulatory
requirements. Lawful Interception (LI) as detailed in ETSI GS NFV-SEC 004 [i.1], needs to be performed in a way that
is transparent to both the targeted user and non-authorized CSP personnel. In addition, LI needs to be implemented in
security domain isolation from other general CSP network functions.
In a virtualised network, many of the legacy "Security by Obscurity" and physical hardware based approaches for
hiding Lawful Interception are no longer viable, either due to mobility of virtualised network functions or as a result of
the common hypervisor/compute architecture on which virtualised networks are based. Therefore, the virtualised
network functions need to provide equivalent transparency and security solutions compared to existing legacy hardware
networks. In order to support this, it is necessary for both the NFV platform on which the virtualised
function/application is running and the underlying hardware platform to provide a set of standard secure building blocks
on which the virtualised network function/application can be implemented.
ETSI

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6 ETSI GR NFV-SEC 011 V1.1.1 (2018-04)
1 Scope
The present document provides a study of the virtual functions which are required to support LI in ETSI NFV based
virtualised networks. The present document identifies the set of capabilities, interfaces, functions and components
which can be utilized by the virtualised applications (VNFs) to provide Lawful Interception. The present document
identifies top to bottom (Virtualised Application through NFV layer through hardware platform) LI architectures and
identifies within the scope of ETSI NFV, capabilities, interfaces, functions and components required to support these
architectures.
The present document has 3 primary objectives:
1) Identify and define 1 or more NFV reference LI architectures, including administration functions, virtual
points of interception, mediation functions and other LI functions. This is intended to provide a common
reference architecture which can be used to identify functional split across the Virtualised Network Functions
application layer (e.g. 3GPP Network), NFV software platform layer (ETSI NFV) and Hardware Platform
layer.
2) Identify potential NFV solutions which provide the capabilities, interfaces, functions and components to meet
the identified LI architectures. This is intended to identify all of the elements and interconnection relationships
needed to perform LI in a virtualised network. These will form the basis for future normative standardization
in both ETSI NFV and other bodies such as 3GPP utilizing ETSI NFV to virtualise their network functions.
3) Document deployment scenarios examples for each of the identified reference LI architectures. This is
intended to show specific examples for different types of interception (e.g. on switch/function vs probe based)
in specific technology deployment scenarios (e.g. 3GPP).
2 References
2.1 Normative references
Normative references are not applicable in the present document.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] ETSI GS NFV-SEC 004: "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); NFV Security; Privacy and
Regulation; Report on Lawful Interception Implications".
[i.2] ETSI TS 102 232-1: "Lawful Interception (LI); Handover Interface and Service-Specific Details
(SSD) for IP delivery; Part 1: Handover specification for IP delivery".
[i.3] ETSI GS NFV-SEC 009: "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); NFV Security; Report on use
cases and technical approaches for multi-layer host administration".
[i.4] ETSI GS NFV-MAN 001: "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); Management and
Orchestration".
[i.5] ETSI GS NFV 002: "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); Architectural Framework".
ETSI

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7 ETSI GR NFV-SEC 011 V1.1.1 (2018-04)
[i.6] ETSI TS 133 108: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; 3G security;
Handover interface for Lawful Interception (LI) (3GPP TS 33.108)".
[i.7] ETSI GS NFV-SEC 012: "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) Release 3; Security; System
architecture specification for execution of sensitive NFV components".
[i.8] ETSI GS NFV-SEC 013: "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) Release 3; Security; Security
Management and Monitoring specification".
[i.9] ETSI TS 133 107: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; 3G security;
Lawful interception architecture and functions (3GPP TS 33.107)".
[i.10] ETSI GR NFV-SEC 016: "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); Security; Report on location,
timestamping of VNFs".
[i.11] ETSI GR NFV-SEC 007: "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); Trust; Report on Attestation
Technologies and Practices for Secure Deployments".
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in ETSI TS 102 232-1 [i.2],
ETSI TS 133 107 [i.9] and the following apply:
LI Virtual Machine (LI VM): dedicated virtual host containing a virtual Point of Interception
virtual point of interception: dedicated LI function which may be either a dedicated VNFCI within a VNFI or a
separate VNFI in its own right targeting traffic from other VNFIs
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in ETSI TS 102 232-1 [i.2], ETSI TS 133 107 [i.9]
and the following apply:
ADMF Administration Function
CA Certificate Authority
DF Delivery Function
HI Handover Interface
HI1 Handover Interface 1
HI2 Handover Interface 2
HI3 Handover Interface 3
LEA Law Enforcement Agency
LEMF Law Enforcement Monitoring Function
LI Lawful Interception
LI VM Lawful Interception Virtual Machine
LoA Level of Assurance
LRPG Lawful Interception Routing Proxy Gateway
MF Mediation Function
POI Point Of Interception
RD Retained Data
SDN Software Defined Network
SO Security Orchestrator
TCF Triggering Control Function
TTP Trusted Third Party
vDF virtualised Delivery Function
vMF virtualised Mediation Function
vPOI virtualised Point Of Interception
ETSI

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8 ETSI GR NFV-SEC 011 V1.1.1 (2018-04)
4 Problem Statement Lawful Interception in NFV
4.1 General
This clause outlines the overall challenges which should be addressed when considering how and where to deploy
Lawful Interception functionality in an NFV environment. These challenges form the basis of the problem set which
any LI architecture should be able to overcome, as detailed in subsequent clauses of the present document.
Details for the underlying LI requirements and internal LI VM functionality are given in ETSI GS NFV-SEC 004 [i.1]
and ETSI TS 102 232-1 [i.2].
4.2 Security
4.2.1 General
NFV does not necessarily introduce any new security challenges for lawful interception which did not otherwise exist in
legacy networks. In fact, a properly implemented NFV network may actually provide better LI security than legacy
networks which have historically provided security by obscurity. What NFV does in practice is rem
...