Iron ores — Experimental methods for checking the precision of sampling, sample preparation and measurement

This document specifies experimental methods for checking the precision of sampling, sample preparation and measurement of iron ores being carried out in accordance with the methods specified in ISO 3082 and the relevant ISO standards for measurement. This document can also be applied for the purpose of checking the precision of sampling, sample preparation and measurement separately.

Minerais de fer — Méthodes expérimentales de contrôle de la fidélité de l'échantillonnage, de préparation des échantillons et de mesurage

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
04-Aug-2019
Technical Committee
Drafting Committee
Current Stage
9020 - International Standard under periodical review
Start Date
15-Jul-2024
Completion Date
15-Jul-2024
Ref Project

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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 3085
Fifth edition
2019-08
Iron ores — Experimental methods for
checking the precision of sampling,
sample preparation and measurement
Minerais de fer — Méthodes expérimentales de contrôle de la fidélité
de l'échantillonnage, de préparation des échantillons et de mesurage
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 General conditions . 2
5.1 Sampling . 2
5.1.1 General. 2
5.1.2 Number of lots . 2
5.1.3 Number of increments and number of gross samples . 2
5.2 Sample preparation and measurement . 2
5.3 Replication of experiment . 2
5.4 Record of the experiment . 2
6 Method of experiment. 3
6.1 Sampling . 3
6.1.1 Systematic sampling . 3
6.1.2 Stratified sampling . 4
6.2 Sample preparation and measurement . 5
6.2.1 General. 5
6.2.2 Method 1 . 5
6.2.3 Method 2 . 6
6.2.4 Method 3 . 6
7 Analysis of experimental data . 7
7.1 General . 7
7.2 Method 1. 7
7.3 Method 2. 9
7.4 Method 3.11
8 Interpretation of results and action .12
8.1 Interpretation of results .12
8.2 Actions .13
8.2.1 Checking for changes in quality variation .13
8.2.2 Increasing number of increments .13
8.2.3 Increasing mass of increments .13
8.2.4 Checking the sample preparation and measurement procedures .13
9 Test report .13
Annex A (informative) Example of experiment on systematic sampling by method 1 .14
Bibliography .18
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 102, Iron ore and direct reduced iron,
Subcommittee SC 1, Sampling.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition (ISO 3085:2002), which has been technically
revised. The main change compared to the previous edition is the use of the mean square difference
between assay pairs, as described in the Introduction.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Introduction
The key change between this document and the previous edition is the use of the mean square
difference between assay pairs to estimate the numerical value of the precision instead of the mean
difference between assay pairs, noting that the use of mean square differences was included in
ISO 3085:1996, Annex B, as an alternative method only. The use of mean square differences avoids
overestimating the sampling system’s capability, thereby limiting the opportunity for improvement.
In addition, when possible measurement outliers are identified, the process (such as sampling, sample
preparation or measurement) under investigation may not be in a state of statistical control and should
be checked in order to detect assignable causes. If these assignable causes can be identified, then the set
of measurements should be repeated after the assignable causes have been corrected. Otherwise, data
assessment should proceed without eliminating the outliers.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3085:2019(E)
Iron ores — Experimental methods for checking
the precision of sampling, sample preparation and
measurement
1 Scope
This document specifies experimental methods for checking the precision of sampling, sample
preparation and measurement of iron ores being carried out in accordance with the methods specified
in ISO 3082 and the relevant ISO standards for measurement.
This document can also be applied for the purpose of checking the precision of sampling, sample
preparation and measurement separately.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3082:2017, Iron ores — Sampling and sample preparation procedures
ISO 3084, Iron ores — Experimental methods for evaluation of quality variation
ISO 11323, Iron ore and direct reduced iron — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11323 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
4 Principle
Sampling from 20 lots or more, preferably taking twice as many increments as specified in ISO 3082
and placing the increments alternately into two gross samples. If this is impracticable or the precision
testing is carried out in conjunction with routine sampling, the normal number of increments specified
in ISO 3082 may be used.
Preparation of separate test samples from each gross sample and determination of relevant quality
characteristics.
Analysis of the experimental data obtained and calculation of the estimated value of the precision of
sampling, sample preparation and measurement for each selected quality characteristic.
Comparison of the estimated precision with that specified in ISO 3082:2017, Table 1, and necessary
action taken if the estimated precision does not attain these specified values.
5 General conditions
5.1 Sampling
5.1.1 General
The sampling procedure to be followed shall be selected from the two methods of sampling, namely
systematic sampling or stratified sampling, depending on the method of taking increments from the lot
in accordance with ISO 3082
...


INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 3085
Fifth edition
2019-08
Iron ores — Experimental methods for
checking the precision of sampling,
sample preparation and measurement
Minerais de fer — Méthodes expérimentales de contrôle de la fidélité
de l'échantillonnage, de préparation des échantillons et de mesurage
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 General conditions . 2
5.1 Sampling . 2
5.1.1 General. 2
5.1.2 Number of lots . 2
5.1.3 Number of increments and number of gross samples . 2
5.2 Sample preparation and measurement . 2
5.3 Replication of experiment . 2
5.4 Record of the experiment . 2
6 Method of experiment. 3
6.1 Sampling . 3
6.1.1 Systematic sampling . 3
6.1.2 Stratified sampling . 4
6.2 Sample preparation and measurement . 5
6.2.1 General. 5
6.2.2 Method 1 . 5
6.2.3 Method 2 . 6
6.2.4 Method 3 . 6
7 Analysis of experimental data . 7
7.1 General . 7
7.2 Method 1. 7
7.3 Method 2. 9
7.4 Method 3.11
8 Interpretation of results and action .12
8.1 Interpretation of results .12
8.2 Actions .13
8.2.1 Checking for changes in quality variation .13
8.2.2 Increasing number of increments .13
8.2.3 Increasing mass of increments .13
8.2.4 Checking the sample preparation and measurement procedures .13
9 Test report .13
Annex A (informative) Example of experiment on systematic sampling by method 1 .14
Bibliography .18
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 102, Iron ore and direct reduced iron,
Subcommittee SC 1, Sampling.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition (ISO 3085:2002), which has been technically
revised. The main change compared to the previous edition is the use of the mean square difference
between assay pairs, as described in the Introduction.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Introduction
The key change between this document and the previous edition is the use of the mean square
difference between assay pairs to estimate the numerical value of the precision instead of the mean
difference between assay pairs, noting that the use of mean square differences was included in
ISO 3085:1996, Annex B, as an alternative method only. The use of mean square differences avoids
overestimating the sampling system’s capability, thereby limiting the opportunity for improvement.
In addition, when possible measurement outliers are identified, the process (such as sampling, sample
preparation or measurement) under investigation may not be in a state of statistical control and should
be checked in order to detect assignable causes. If these assignable causes can be identified, then the set
of measurements should be repeated after the assignable causes have been corrected. Otherwise, data
assessment should proceed without eliminating the outliers.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3085:2019(E)
Iron ores — Experimental methods for checking
the precision of sampling, sample preparation and
measurement
1 Scope
This document specifies experimental methods for checking the precision of sampling, sample
preparation and measurement of iron ores being carried out in accordance with the methods specified
in ISO 3082 and the relevant ISO standards for measurement.
This document can also be applied for the purpose of checking the precision of sampling, sample
preparation and measurement separately.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3082:2017, Iron ores — Sampling and sample preparation procedures
ISO 3084, Iron ores — Experimental methods for evaluation of quality variation
ISO 11323, Iron ore and direct reduced iron — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11323 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
4 Principle
Sampling from 20 lots or more, preferably taking twice as many increments as specified in ISO 3082
and placing the increments alternately into two gross samples. If this is impracticable or the precision
testing is carried out in conjunction with routine sampling, the normal number of increments specified
in ISO 3082 may be used.
Preparation of separate test samples from each gross sample and determination of relevant quality
characteristics.
Analysis of the experimental data obtained and calculation of the estimated value of the precision of
sampling, sample preparation and measurement for each selected quality characteristic.
Comparison of the estimated precision with that specified in ISO 3082:2017, Table 1, and necessary
action taken if the estimated precision does not attain these specified values.
5 General conditions
5.1 Sampling
5.1.1 General
The sampling procedure to be followed shall be selected from the two methods of sampling, namely
systematic sampling or stratified sampling, depending on the method of taking increments from the lot
in accordance with ISO 3082
...

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