ISO 4582:2017
(Main)Plastics — Determination of changes in colour and variations in properties after exposure to glass-filtered solar radiation, natural weathering or laboratory radiation sources
Plastics — Determination of changes in colour and variations in properties after exposure to glass-filtered solar radiation, natural weathering or laboratory radiation sources
ISO 4582:2017 specifies methods to determine changes in colour and other appearance properties, and variations in mechanical or other properties, of plastics that have been exposed to glass-filtered solar radiation, to natural weathering or to simulated solar radiation from a laboratory source. The procedure used to analyse data depends on whether the test used to characterize the materials being exposed is destructive or non-destructive. The exposures are conducted under conditions described in specific exposure standards.
Plastiques — Détermination des changements de coloration et des variations de propriétés après exposition au rayonnement solaire sous verre, aux agents atmosphériques ou aux sources de rayonnement de laboratoire
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4582
Fourth edition
2017-08
Plastics — Determination of changes
in colour and variations in properties
after exposure to glass-filtered solar
radiation, natural weathering or
laboratory radiation sources
Plastiques — Détermination des changements de coloration et des
variations de propriétés après exposition au rayonnement solaire sous
verre, aux agents atmosphériques ou aux sources de rayonnement de
laboratoire
Reference number
©
ISO 2017
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
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ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Determination of changes in colour or other appearance attributes .2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Changes in colour . 2
4.2.1 Principles . 2
4.2.2 Apparatus . 3
4.2.3 Test specimens. 3
4.2.4 Procedure . 3
4.3 Changes in other appearance properties . 5
5 Determination of changes in mechanical or other properties . 5
5.1 Principles . 5
5.2 Apparatus . 6
5.3 Test specimens . 6
5.4 Procedure . 6
5.4.1 Determination of initial properties . 6
5.4.2 Storage of file specimens . 6
5.4.3 Determination of properties after exposure . 7
6 Expression of results . 7
6.1 Changes in colour . 7
6.1.1 Instrumental measurements . 7
6.1.2 Visual assessment . 7
6.2 Changes in other appearance properties . 7
6.2.1 Instrumental measurements . 7
6.2.2 Visual assessment of change in appearance attributes . 8
6.2.3 Changes in mechanical and other properties . 8
7 Precision . 9
8 Test report . 9
Annex A (normative) Statistical formulae based on ISO 2602 for determination of mean
and standard deviation and procedure for determination of time to 50 % loss
of property .10
Annex B (informative) Possible effects of surface cleaning on assessment of exposure .15
Bibliography .16
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
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expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
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URL: w w w . i s o .org/ iso/ foreword .html
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 6, Ageing,
chemical and environmental resistance.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 4582:2007), which has been technically
revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— due to the withdrawal of all parts of ISO 7724, the colour measurement procedure has been revised.
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
Introduction
A number of different exposure techniques can be used to provide information on the effects of
environmental stresses such as simulated solar radiation, heat and water on plastics [see ISO 877 (all
parts) and ISO 4892 (all parts)]. Each exposure test has its own particular application and relevance.
When determining changes in a particular property or attribute of a material subjected to different
exposures, the same evaluation methods should be used after all exposures to ensure meaningful
results.
Results for plastics subjected to exposure tests are strongly dependent on the type of exposure
conditions used, the type of plastic being tested and the property being evaluated. A result obtained
for one property may not be the same as that for a different property of the same material, even if the
same exposure test is used. This document is not intended to establish a fixed procedure for conducting
the exposure test, but is intended to provide a set of specific procedures used to express the results
for change in a characteristic property of the material after it has been exposed. It is up to the user
to determine which exposure conditions are most relevant to the specific material and the service
conditions being used.
Test methods should be selected to determine changes in appearance and properties of the exposed
material with its proposed application in mind. The exposure test used should be devised to
discriminate among materials based on such changes. This document suggests typical properties that
can be used to determine changes in plastics which have been subjected to exposure tests.
NOTE Because of large differences in the spectral distribution of the radiation sources used, there can
be large differences in results for the same plastics exposed in the various devices described in ISO 4892 (all
parts). Therefore, comparisons between plastics are intended to be made only based on results from exposures
in the same type of device and under the same conditions. For optimum comparisons, plastics are expected to be
exposed at the same time in the same device.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4582:2017(E)
Plastics — Determination of changes in colour and
variations in properties after exposure to glass-filtered
solar radiation, natural weathering or laboratory
radiation sources
1 Scope
This document specifies methods to determine changes in colour and other appearance properties,
and variations in mechanical or other properties, of plastics that have been exposed to glass-filtered
solar radiation, to natural weathering or to simulated solar radiation from a laboratory source. The
procedure used to analyse data depends on whether the test used to characterize the materials being
exposed is destructive or non-destructive. The exposures are conducted under conditions described in
specific exposure standards.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 105-A01, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A01: General principles of testing
ISO 105-A02, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour
ISO 105-A03, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A03: Grey scale for assessing staining
ISO 291, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
ISO 2602, Statistical interpretation of test results — Estimation of the mean — Confidence interval
ISO 10640, Plastics — Methodology for assessing polymer photoageing by FTIR and UV/visible spectroscopy
ISO 11664-1, Colorimetry — Part 1: CIE standard colorimetric observers
ISO 11664-2, Colorimetry — Part 2: CIE standard illuminants
ISO 11664-3, Colorimetry — Part 3: CIE tristimulus values
ISO 11664-4, Colorimetry — Part 4: CIE 1976 L*a*b* Colour space
CIE Publication No. 15, Colorimetry
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// w
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