83.080.01 - Plastics in general
ICS 83.080.01 Details
Plastics in general
Kunststoffe im allgemeinen
Plastiques en général
Polimerni materiali na splošno
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This document is applicable to the qualitative analysis of plastic materials in their original form by Raman spectroscopy. It describes procedures to determine the composition of unknown general plastics and multi-layer film plastics.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document describes the background to methods for the determination of the thermal conductivity
and thermal diffusivity of polymeric materials. Different techniques are available for these measurements
and some can be better suited than others for a particular type, state and form of material. This document
provides a broad overview of these techniques. Standards specific to these techniques, as referenced in this
document, are used to carry out the actual test method.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes the background to methods for the determination of the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of polymeric materials. Different techniques are available for these measurements and some can be better suited than others for a particular type, state and form of material. This document provides a broad overview of these techniques. Standards specific to these techniques, as referenced in this document, are used to carry out the actual test method.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes the background to methods for the determination of the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of polymeric materials. Different techniques are available for these measurements and some can be better suited than others for a particular type, state and form of material. This document provides a broad overview of these techniques. Standards specific to these techniques, as referenced in this document, are used to carry out the actual test method.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard20 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method of determining the biobased mass content in plastics products, based on the radiocarbon analysis and elemental analysis. This document is applicable to plastic products and plastic materials, polymer resins, monomers or additives, which are made from biobased and/or fossil-based constituents. This method can be applied provided that the plastic product contains the element carbon and that a statement giving its elemental composition and its biobased carbon content is available.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the determination of the thermal diffusivity of a thin solid disc of
plastics in the thickness direction by the light flash method. This method is based upon the measurement of
the temperature rise at the rear face of the thin-disc specimen produced by a short energy pulse on the front
face.
The method is applicable to homogeneous solid plastics as well as composites having an isotropic
or orthotropic structure. In general, it covers materials having a thermal diffusivity, α, in the range
1 × 10−7 m2⋅s−1 < α < 1 × 10−4 m2⋅s−1. Measurements can be carried out in gaseous and vacuum environments
over a temperature range from −100 °C to +400 °C.
NOTE For inhomogeneous specimens, the measured values can be specimen thickness dependent.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies methods for an accelerated photo-degradation test using an electrodeless plasma radiation source. This method is suitable for evaluating or predicting degradation and failure caused by the photo-degradation of a material and a product within a short-term period. Specimen preparation and evaluation of the results are covered in other International Standards for specific materials.
- Technical specification6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the determination of the thermal diffusivity of a thin solid disc of plastics in the thickness direction by the light flash method. This method is based upon the measurement of the temperature rise at the rear face of the thin-disc specimen produced by a short energy pulse on the front face.
The method is applicable to homogeneous solid plastics as well as composites having an isotropic or orthotropic structure. In general, it covers materials having a thermal diffusivity, α, in the range 1 × 10−7 m2⋅s−1 < α < 1 × 10−4 m2⋅s−1. Measurements can be carried out in gaseous and vacuum environments over a temperature range from −100 °C to +400 °C.
NOTE For inhomogeneous specimens, the measured values can be specimen thickness dependent.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies dimensional requirements relating to test specimens prepared from plastics materials intended for processing by moulding, as well as to test specimens prepared by machining from sheets or shaped articles. It compiles the designations and dimensions of test specimens used for the acquisition of comparable data and also of other frequently used specimens.
The following types of test specimen are specified:
a) Type A1 and type A2 specimens (1 = injection moulded, 2 = machined from a sheet or shaped article)
These are tensile test specimens from which, with simple machining, specimens for a variety of other tests can be taken (see Annex A).
The type A1 specimen is a multipurpose test specimen. The principal advantage of a multipurpose test specimen is that it allows all the test methods mentioned in Annex A to be carried out by all test laboratories on the basis of comparable mouldings. Consequently, the properties measured are coherent as all are measured using similar specimens prepared in the same way. In other words, it can be expected that test results for a given set of specimens will not vary appreciably due to unintentionally different moulding conditions. On the other hand, if desired, the influence of moulding conditions and/or different states of the specimens can be assessed without difficulty for all of the properties measured.
Also described are reduced-scale test specimens designated type Axy, where x is the number indicating the method of specimen preparation (1 = injection moulded, 2 = machined from a sheet or shaped article) and y is a number indicating the scale factor (1:y). These can be used e.g. when full-sized test specimens are not convenient or when sample material exists in small quantities only.
b) Type B specimens
These are bar specimens which can be directly moulded or can be machined from the central section of type A1 specimens or from sheets or shaped articles.
c) Type C specimens
These are small tensile test specimens which can be directly moulded or machined, e.g. from plates (Type D or type F specimens), from the central section of type A1 specimens or from sheets or shaped articles.
d) Type D1 and type D2 specimens
These are square plates of thickness 1 mm and 2 mm, respectively.
e) Type F specimens
These are rectangular plates intended for use in the analysis of mechanical anisotropy.
If a particular type of test specimen is not mentioned in this document, this does not mean that there is any intention to exclude the use of the specimen. Additional specimen types can be added in future if they are commonly used.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 8256:2004 specifies two methods (method A and method B) for the determination of the tensile-impact strength of plastics under defined conditions. The tests can be described as tensile tests at relatively high strain rates. These methods can be used for rigid materials (as defined in ISO 472), but are especially useful for materials too flexible or too thin to be tested with impact tests conforming to ISO 179 or ISO 180.
These methods are used for investigating the behaviour of specified specimens under specified impact velocities, and for estimating the brittleness or the toughness of specimens within the limitations inherent in the test conditions.
These methods are applicable both to specimens prepared from moulding materials and to specimens taken from finished or semi-finished products (for example mouldings, films, laminates, or extruded or cast sheets).
Results obtained by testing moulded specimens of different dimensions may not necessarily be the same. Equally, specimens cut from moulded products may not give the same results as specimens of the same dimensions moulded directly from the material. Test results obtained from specimens prepared from moulding compounds cannot be applied directly to mouldings of any given shape, because values may depend on the design of the moulding and the moulding conditions. Results obtained by method A and method B may or may not be comparable.
These methods are not suitable for use as a source of data for design calculations on components. Information on the typical behaviour of a material can be obtained, however, by testing different types of test specimen prepared under different conditions, and by testing at different temperatures. The two different methods are suitable for production control as well as for quality control.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the thermal diffusivity of a thin solid disc of plastics in the thickness direction by the light flash method. This method is based upon the measurement of the temperature rise at the rear face of the thin-disc specimen produced by a short energy pulse on the front face. The method is applicable to homogeneous solid plastics as well as composites having an isotropic or orthotropic structure. In general, it covers materials having a thermal diffusivity, α, in the range 1 × 10−7 m2⋅s−1 α −4 m2⋅s−1. Measurements can be carried out in gaseous and vacuum environments over a temperature range from −100 °C to +400 °C. NOTE For inhomogeneous specimens, the measured values can be specimen thickness dependent.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard18 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This part of IEC 62321 specifies two different techniques for the determination of tris(2‑chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) in plastics, the GC-MS or LC-MS method, both of which are applicable to quantitative analysis. These two techniques are applicable to use with polyurethane, polyvinylchloride, and polyethylene materials containing TCEP between 200 mg/kg to 2 000 mg/kg. These test methods do not apply to plastic materials having a processing temperature higher than 230 °C. GC-MS using a pyrolyser/thermal desorption accessory (Py/TD-GC-MS) technique is described in REF _Ref141858781 \w \h Annex A 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F005200650066003100340031003800350038003700380031000000 and can be used for the screening of TCEP in plastics. NOTE TCEP starts thermal decomposition at approximately 230 °C. Polymer types that have a processing temperature into shapes of plastics (e.g. pellets, moulded parts or sheets) not exceeding the decomposition temperature can contain TCEP.
- Standard67 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
- Draft30 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Draft33 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
1.1 This document specifies two methods (method A and method B) for the determination of the tensile-impact strength of plastics under defined conditions. The tests can be described as tensile tests at relatively high strain rates. These methods can be used for rigid materials (as defined in ISO 472), but are especially useful for materials too flexible or too thin to be tested with impact tests conforming to the ISO 179 series or ISO 180.
1.2 These methods are used for investigating the behaviour of specified specimens under specified impact velocities, and for estimating the brittleness or the toughness of specimens within the limitations inherent in the test conditions.
1.3 These methods are applicable both to specimens prepared from moulding materials and to specimens taken from finished or semi-finished products (for example mouldings, laminates, or extruded or cast sheets).
1.4 Results obtained by testing moulded specimens of different dimensions are not necessarily the same. Equally, it is possible that specimens cut from moulded products will not give the same results as specimens of the same dimensions moulded directly from the material. Test results obtained from specimens prepared from moulding compounds cannot be applied directly to mouldings of any given shape, because values may depend on the design of the moulding and the moulding conditions. Results obtained by method A and method B can or can not be comparable.
1.5 These methods are not suitable for use as a source of data for design calculations on components. Information on the typical behaviour of a material can be obtained, however, by testing different types of test specimen prepared under different conditions, and by testing at different temperatures. The two different methods are suitable for production control as well as for quality control.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies dimensional requirements relating to test specimens prepared from plastics materials intended for processing by moulding, as well as to test specimens prepared by machining from sheets or shaped articles. It compiles the designations and dimensions of test specimens used for the acquisition of comparable data and of other frequently used specimens.
The following types of test specimen are specified:
A Tensile specimen, multipurpose or reduced-scale
B Bar specimen
C Small tensile specimen
D Square plate specimen
F Rectangular plate specimen
NOTE If a particular type of test specimen is not mentioned in this document, this does not mean that there is any intention to exclude the use of the specimen. Additional specimen types can be added in future if they are commonly used.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the safety requirements for flexible polymeric frontsheet and backsheet constructions, which are intended for use as relied upon insulation in photovoltaic (PV) modules. In accordance with the corresponding safety requirements in IEC 61730-1 on the PV module level, the test methods and specifications in this document define the specific requirements of the polymeric frontsheet or backsheet constructions on the component level and cover mechanical, electrical, visual and thermal characterization in an unexposed state and/or after ageing.
A polymeric frontsheet and backsheet must pass the requirements in this standard for a PV module to pass the design requirements of IEC 61730-1. Compliance with the safety requirements for a frontsheet or backsheet on the component level does not replace the need for a safety qualification of the complete PV module, in which the frontsheet or backsheet is integrated. The appropriate requirements for testing and qualification on the PV module level are defined in IEC 61730-1 (or IEC TS 62915 in case of retesting) and IEC 61215-1, with test methods provided by IEC 61730-2 and IEC 61215-2, respectively.
- Standard35 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
1.1 This document specifies two methods (method A and method B) for the determination of the tensile-impact strength of plastics under defined conditions. The tests can be described as tensile tests at relatively high strain rates. These methods can be used for rigid materials (as defined in ISO 472), but are especially useful for materials too flexible or too thin to be tested with impact tests conforming to the ISO 179 series or ISO 180. 1.2 These methods are used for investigating the behaviour of specified specimens under specified impact velocities, and for estimating the brittleness or the toughness of specimens within the limitations inherent in the test conditions. 1.3 These methods are applicable both to specimens prepared from moulding materials and to specimens taken from finished or semi-finished products (for example mouldings, laminates, or extruded or cast sheets). 1.4 Results obtained by testing moulded specimens of different dimensions are not necessarily the same. Equally, it is possible that specimens cut from moulded products will not give the same results as specimens of the same dimensions moulded directly from the material. Test results obtained from specimens prepared from moulding compounds cannot be applied directly to mouldings of any given shape, because values may depend on the design of the moulding and the moulding conditions. Results obtained by method A and method B can or can not be comparable. 1.5 These methods are not suitable for use as a source of data for design calculations on components. Information on the typical behaviour of a material can be obtained, however, by testing different types of test specimen prepared under different conditions, and by testing at different temperatures. The two different methods are suitable for production control as well as for quality control.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard17 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies dimensional requirements relating to test specimens prepared from plastics materials intended for processing by moulding, as well as to test specimens prepared by machining from sheets or shaped articles. It compiles the designations and dimensions of test specimens used for the acquisition of comparable data and of other frequently used specimens. The following types of test specimen are specified: A Tensile specimen, multipurpose or reduced-scale B Bar specimen C Small tensile specimen D Square plate specimen F Rectangular plate specimen NOTE If a particular type of test specimen is not mentioned in this document, this does not mean that there is any intention to exclude the use of the specimen. Additional specimen types can be added in future if they are commonly used.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard15 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method for assessing the expansion of PVC materials and products during their combustion under the effect of heat radiation. This test method is also applicable to materials and products made from blends and mixtures of PVC with other polymers, such as PVC blended with a copolymer of styrene and acrylonitrile (PVC-SAN).
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard13 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
A portion of 60 g of loose moulding material is dropped little by little into a measuring cylinder as evenly distributed as possible. A plunger with specified mass fitting to the measuring cylinder is slowly lowered until it is entirely supported by the material. After 1 min the volume of the material with the plunger resting upon it, shall be determined and the apparent density shall be calculated.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
Development of technical principles, which will be used across the board for future standardization
projects on testing methods for plastics and microplastics in various matrices (in particular water, soil,
compost, sewage sludge, biota). This includes the following::
- Description of necessary working conditions in the laboratory
- Description of necessary working conditions in the field
- safety instructions
- Proposals for harmonisation of size classes to be considered
- Proposals to harmonise the indication of results
- Notes on matrix-specific particularities with regard to the representativeness of the results
- Standard29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method of determining the apparent density, i.e. the mass per unit of volume, of loose material that cannot be poured from a funnel of specified design.
NOTE For a method of determining the apparent density of loose moulding material that can be poured from a specified funnel, see ISO 60.
This document is applicable to loose moulding materials such as slice, granular or powder.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This standard is aimed at providers of manufacturing services for polymer parts who use additive manufacturing machines and at the customers for these services. Designers of parts as well as buyers and providers of manufacturing services can specify, in a traceable manner, the required or the achievable level of quality with the aid of this standard. This standard applies to parts that have been manufactured from a thermoplastic polymer by means of laser sintering (LS) or material extrusion (MEX). Its applicability to other processes for polymers shall be checked in the specific case. The quality grades apply to parts that have not been post-processed after unpacking from the build space and the removal of possible support structures.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes the principles to be followed in the analysis of microplastics in various environmental matrices. This includes the unique particle size classification of plastics, the use of certain apparatus with regard to sampling, sample preparation, and the determination of representative sample quantities.
The purpose of this document is to specify minimum requirements until specific standards for the different case situations are available. This is important to ensure that the development of the specific standards is done on a consistent basis to ensure that comparison or correlation of results is possible.
This document does not include requirements for monitoring actions.
- Standard29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method suitable for the production control or product development purposes for assessing the heat release rate of essentially flat products exposed in the horizontal orientation to controlled levels of radiant heating with an external igniter. The heat release rate is determined by the use of a thermopile instead of the more accurate oxygen consumption techniques. The time to ignition and sustained flaming are also measured in this test. The mass loss of the test specimen can also be measured optionally.
- Standard33 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method of determining the degree of disintegration of plastic materials when exposed to a laboratory-scale composting environment. The method is not applicable to the determination of the biodegradability of plastic materials under composting conditions. Further testing is necessary to be able to claim compostability.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes the principles to be followed in the analysis of microplastics in various environmental matrices. This includes the unique particle size classification of plastics, the use of certain apparatus with regard to sampling, sample preparation, and the determination of representative sample quantities. The purpose of this document is to specify minimum requirements until specific standards for the different case situations are available. This is important to ensure that the development of the specific standards is done on a consistent basis to ensure that comparison or correlation of results is possible. This document does not include requirements for monitoring actions.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard23 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method suitable for the production control or product development purposes for assessing the heat release rate of essentially flat products exposed in the horizontal orientation to controlled levels of radiant heating with an external igniter. The heat release rate is determined by the use of a thermopile instead of the more accurate oxygen consumption techniques. The time to ignition and sustained flaming are also measured in this test. The mass loss of the test specimen can also be measured optionally.
- Standard33 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method suitable for the production control or product development purposes for assessing the heat release rate of essentially flat products exposed in the horizontal orientation to controlled levels of radiant heating with an external igniter. The heat release rate is determined by the use of a thermopile instead of the more accurate oxygen consumption techniques. The time to ignition and sustained flaming are also measured in this test. The mass loss of the test specimen can also be measured optionally.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method of determining the degree of disintegration of plastic materials when exposed to a laboratory-scale composting environment. The method is not applicable to the determination of the biodegradability of plastic materials under composting conditions. Further testing is necessary to be able to claim compostability.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method of determining the degree of disintegration of plastic materials when exposed to a laboratory-scale composting environment. The method is not applicable to the determination of the biodegradability of plastic materials under composting conditions. Further testing is necessary to be able to claim compostability.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard9 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the technical requirements, test methods, detection rules, marking/labelling, packaging, transportation and storage of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) based filament for use in specific additive manufacturing technology, such as materials extrusion (MEX). The document applies to PLA based filament for MEX additive manufacturing applications.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies two methods, A and B, for determining the pourability of plastics in powdered and granular form, by measuring the flow time through a funnel under specified conditions.
From method A, information concerning the processability can be derived, whilst method B is especially designed for process control during manufacture.
The methods specified are not necessarily applicable to all plastics in powdered and granular form.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies two methods, A and B, for determining the pourability of plastics in powdered and granular form, by measuring the flow time through a funnel under specified conditions.
From method A, information concerning the processability can be derived, whilst method B is especially designed for process control during manufacture.
The methods specified are not necessarily applicable to all plastics in powdered and granular form.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method to evaluate the anti-biofilm activity of anti-biofilm treated plastics and other non-porous surfaces of products, including intermediate products. It is applicable to products such as plastics, coating materials, ceramics, stainless steels and rubber. Textile and photocatalytic materials are out of its scope. This method is intended to be a screening test for material development, and it is not expected to reflect effects observed in the actual environment in which materials will be deployed. A “Crystal violet staining – Absorbance measurement assay” is used to quantify the amount of biofilm formation in this document.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies two methods, A and B, for determining the pourability of plastics in powdered and granular form, by measuring the flow time through a funnel under specified conditions. From method A, information concerning the processability can be derived, whilst method B is especially designed for process control during manufacture. The methods specified are not necessarily applicable to all plastics in powdered and granular form.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
1.1 This document specifies a method for determining the Izod impact strength of plastics under defined conditions. A number of different types of specimen and test configurations are defined. Different test parameters are specified according to the type of material, the type of test specimen and the type of notch.
1.2 The method is used to investigate the behaviour of specified types of specimen under the impact conditions defined and for estimating the brittleness or toughness of specimens within the limitations inherent in the test conditions.
1.3 The method is suitable for use with the following range of materials:
— rigid thermoplastic moulding and extrusion materials, including filled and reinforced compounds in addition to unfilled types; rigid thermoplastics sheets;
— rigid thermosetting moulding materials, including filled and reinforced compounds; rigid thermosetting sheets, including laminates;
— fibre-reinforced thermosetting and thermoplastic composites incorporating unidirectional or non-unidirectional reinforcements such as mat, woven fabrics, woven rovings, chopped strands, combination and hybrid reinforcements, rovings and milled fibres and sheet made from pre-impregnated materials (prepregs);
— thermotropic liquid-crystal polymers.
1.4 The method is not normally suitable for use with rigid cellular materials and sandwich structures containing cellular material. Notched specimens are also not normally used for long-fibre-reinforced composites or thermotropic liquid-crystal polymers.
1.5 The method is suited to the use of specimens which can be either moulded to the chosen dimensions, machined from the central portion of a standard multipurpose test specimen (see ISO 20753) or machined from finished or semi-finished products such as mouldings, laminates and extruded or cast sheet.
1.6 The method specifies preferred dimensions for the test specimen. Tests which are carried out on specimens of different dimensions or with different notches, or specimens which are prepared under different conditions, may produce results which are not comparable. Other factors, such as the energy capacity of the apparatus, its impact velocity and the conditioning of the specimens can also influence the results. Consequently, when comparative data are required, these factors are to be carefully controlled and recorded.
1.7 The method is not intended to be used as a source of data for design calculations. Information on the typical behaviour of a material can be obtained, however, by testing at different temperatures, by varying the notch radius and/or the thickness and by testing specimens prepared under different conditions.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 179-1:2010 specifies a method for determining the Charpy impact strength of plastics under defined conditions. A number of different types of specimen and test configurations are defined. Different test parameters are specified according to the type of material, the type of test specimen and the type of notch.
The method can be used to investigate the behaviour of specified types of specimen under the impact conditions defined and for estimating the brittleness or toughness of specimens within the limitations inherent in the test conditions. It can also be used for the determination of comparative data from similar types of material.
The method has a greater range of applicability than that given in ISO 180 (Izod impact testing) and is more suitable for the testing of materials showing interlaminar shear fracture or of materials exhibiting surface effects due to environmental factors.
The method is suitable for use with the following range of materials:
rigid thermoplastic moulding and extrusion materials (including filled and reinforced compounds in addition to unfilled types) and rigid thermoplastics sheets;
rigid thermosetting moulding materials (including filled and reinforced compounds) and rigid thermosetting sheets (including laminates);
fibre-reinforced thermosetting and thermoplastic composites incorporating unidirectional or multi-directional reinforcements (such as mats, woven fabrics, woven rovings, chopped strands, combination and hybrid reinforcements, rovings and milled fibres) or incorporating sheets made from pre-impregnated materials (prepregs), including filled compounds;
thermotropic liquid-crystal polymers.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the determination of puncture impact properties of rigid plastics, in the form of flat specimens, using instruments for measuring force and deflection. It is applicable if a force-deflection or force-time diagram, recorded at nominal constant striker velocity, is necessary for detailed characterization of the impact behaviour.
The test method is applicable to specimens with a thickness between 1 mm to 4 mm.
The method is suitable for use with the following types of material:
— rigid thermoplastic moulding and extrusion materials, including filled, unfilled and reinforced compounds and sheets;
— rigid thermosetting moulding and extrusion materials, including filled and reinforced compounds, sheets and laminates;
— fibre-reinforced thermoset and thermoplastic composites incorporating unidirectional or multi-directional reinforcements such as mats, woven fabrics, woven rovings, chopped strands, combination and hybrid reinforcements, rovings, milled fibres and sheets made from pre-impregnated materials (prepregs).
The method is also applicable to specimens which are either moulded or machined from finished products, laminates and extruded or cast sheet.
The test results are comparable only if the conditions of preparation of the specimens, their dimensions and surfaces as well as the test conditions are the same. In particular, results determined on specimens of different thickness cannot be compared with one another (see Annex E). Comprehensive evaluation of the reaction to impact stress can be obtained by determinations made as a function of impact velocity and temperature for different material variables, such as crystallinity and moisture content.
The impact behaviour of finished products cannot be predicted directly from this test, but specimens may be taken from finished products (see above) for tests by this method.
Test data developed by this method is not intended to be used for design calculations. However, information on the typical behaviour of the material can be obtained by testing at different temperatures and impact velocities (see Annex D) by varying the thickness (see Annex E) and by testing specimens prepared under different conditions.
It is not the purpose of this document to give an interpretation of the mechanism occurring on every particular point of the force-deflection diagram. These interpretations are a task for scientific research.
- Standard42 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the Izod impact strength of plastics under defined conditions. A number of different types of specimen and test configurations are defined. Different test parameters are specified according to the type of material, the type of test specimen and the type of notch.
The method is used to investigate the behaviour of specified types of specimen under the impact conditions defined and for estimating the brittleness or toughness of specimens within the limitations inherent in the test conditions.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the Charpy impact strength of plastics under defined conditions. A number of different types of specimen and test configurations are defined. Different test parameters are specified according to the type of material, the type of test specimen and the type of notch.
The method can be used to investigate the behaviour of specified types of specimen under the impact conditions defined and for estimating the brittleness or toughness of specimens within the limitations inherent in the test conditions. It can also be used for the determination of comparative data from similar types of material.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the determination of puncture impact properties of rigid plastics, in the form of flat specimens, using instruments for measuring force and deflection. It is applicable if a force-deflection or force-time diagram, recorded at nominal constant striker velocity, is necessary for detailed characterization of the impact behaviour.
The test method is applicable to specimens with a thickness between 1 mm to 4 mm.
The method is suitable for use with the following types of material:
— rigid thermoplastic moulding and extrusion materials, including filled, unfilled and reinforced compounds and sheets;
— rigid thermosetting moulding and extrusion materials, including filled and reinforced compounds, sheets and laminates;
— fibre-reinforced thermoset and thermoplastic composites incorporating unidirectional or multi-directional reinforcements such as mats, woven fabrics, woven rovings, chopped strands, combination and hybrid reinforcements, rovings, milled fibres and sheets made from pre-impregnated materials (prepregs).
The method is also applicable to specimens which are either moulded or machined from finished products, laminates and extruded or cast sheet.
The test results are comparable only if the conditions of preparation of the specimens, their dimensions and surfaces as well as the test conditions are the same. In particular, results determined on specimens of different thickness cannot be compared with one another (see Annex E). Comprehensive evaluation of the reaction to impact stress can be obtained by determinations made as a function of impact velocity and temperature for different material variables, such as crystallinity and moisture content.
The impact behaviour of finished products cannot be predicted directly from this test, but specimens may be taken from finished products (see above) for tests by this method.
Test data developed by this method is not intended to be used for design calculations. However, information on the typical behaviour of the material can be obtained by testing at different temperatures and impact velocities (see Annex D) by varying the thickness (see Annex E) and by testing specimens prepared under different conditions.
It is not the purpose of this document to give an interpretation of the mechanism occurring on every particular point of the force-deflection diagram. These interpretations are a task for scientific research.
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This document specifies a test method for the determination of puncture impact properties of rigid plastics, in the form of flat specimens, using instruments for measuring force and deflection. It is applicable if a force-deflection or force-time diagram, recorded at nominal constant striker velocity, is necessary for detailed characterization of the impact behaviour. The test method is applicable to specimens with a thickness between 1 mm to 4 mm. The method is suitable for use with the following types of material: — rigid thermoplastic moulding and extrusion materials, including filled, unfilled and reinforced compounds and sheets; — rigid thermosetting moulding and extrusion materials, including filled and reinforced compounds, sheets and laminates; — fibre-reinforced thermoset and thermoplastic composites incorporating unidirectional or multi-directional reinforcements such as mats, woven fabrics, woven rovings, chopped strands, combination and hybrid reinforcements, rovings, milled fibres and sheets made from pre-impregnated materials (prepregs). The method is also applicable to specimens which are either moulded or machined from finished products, laminates and extruded or cast sheet. The test results are comparable only if the conditions of preparation of the specimens, their dimensions and surfaces as well as the test conditions are the same. In particular, results determined on specimens of different thickness cannot be compared with one another (see Annex E). Comprehensive evaluation of the reaction to impact stress can be obtained by determinations made as a function of impact velocity and temperature for different material variables, such as crystallinity and moisture content. The impact behaviour of finished products cannot be predicted directly from this test, but specimens may be taken from finished products (see above) for tests by this method. Test data developed by this method is not intended to be used for design calculations. However, information on the typical behaviour of the material can be obtained by testing at different temperatures and impact velocities (see Annex D) by varying the thickness (see Annex E) and by testing specimens prepared under different conditions. It is not the purpose of this document to give an interpretation of the mechanism occurring on every particular point of the force-deflection diagram. These interpretations are a task for scientific research.
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This document specifies a method for determining the Charpy impact strength of plastics under defined conditions. A number of different types of specimen and test configurations are defined. Different test parameters are specified according to the type of material, the type of test specimen and the type of notch. The method can be used to investigate the behaviour of specified types of specimen under the impact conditions defined and for estimating the brittleness or toughness of specimens within the limitations inherent in the test conditions. It can also be used for the determination of comparative data from similar types of material.
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This document specifies a method for determining the Izod impact strength of plastics under defined conditions. A number of different types of specimen and test configurations are defined. Different test parameters are specified according to the type of material, the type of test specimen and the type of notch. The method is used to investigate the behaviour of specified types of specimen under the impact conditions defined and for estimating the brittleness or toughness of specimens within the limitations inherent in the test conditions.
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This document provides life cycle assessment (LCA) requirements and guidance to assess impacts over the life cycle of biobased plastic products, materials and polymer resins, which are partly or wholly based on biobased constituents. The applications of LCA as such are outside the scope of this document. Clarifications, considerations, practices, simplifications and options for the different applications, are also beyond the scope of this document. In addition, this document can be applied in studies that do not cover the whole life cycle, with justification, for example in the case of business-to-business information, such as cradle-to-gate studies, gate-to-gate studies, and specific parts of the life cycle (e.g. waste management, components of a product). For these studies, most requirements of this document are applicable (e.g. data quality, collection and calculation as well as allocation and critical review), but not all the requirements for the system boundary.
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This document specifies procedures for validation of high-speed tensile test data. It specifies a method to determine the spectrum of the natural oscillation frequencies of the force transducer and grip configuration of the high-speed tensile test equipment. The lowest significant frequency is used for the validation. This validation procedure only applies to force measurement systems used in high-speed tensile testing machines showing a level of resonance influence that could be critical to the obtained result. Once the relevant frequencies of the system and the anticipated strain for the given material are known, this method allows to calculate the theoretical maximum allowed test speed too.
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This document specifies test methods and evaluation criteria by addressing potential ecotoxicological adverse effects on marine organisms. Adverse effects on marine species can be caused by soluble degradation products of plastic materials such as intermediates or remaining residues resulting from the biodegradation of plastic materials that are used in products for marine applications (e.g. nets for fish farming, dolly ropes, floats, buoys and other non-fishing applications) and which are used in different marine zones, e.g. eulittoral, sublittoral or pelagic zones. The ecotoxicity testing scheme covers marine organisms from four trophic levels, primary producer, primary and secondary consumers and decomposer: — toxicity to marine algae, — toxicity to marine invertebrates, — toxicity to marine fish, — toxicity to marine microorganisms. This document is not suitable for the assessment of adverse effects caused by solid materials of any size.
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This document specifies test methods by centrifugation of water content of styrene anion exchange resins in hydroxide form.
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the thermal effusivity. This document is applicable to materials with thermal effusivity in the approximate range 40 W⋅s1/2⋅m−2⋅K−1 bn W⋅s1/2⋅m‑2⋅K‑1, and temperatures in the range of 50 K T
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This document specifies test methods for assessing the flame spread of plastic pipes including fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) pipes. This document is applicable to plastic pipes including FRP pipes for use in ships, air crafts and vehicles.
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