ISO/IEC 15895:1999
(Main)Information technology — Data interchange on 12,7 mm 128-track magnetic tape cartridges — DLT 3-XT format
Information technology — Data interchange on 12,7 mm 128-track magnetic tape cartridges — DLT 3-XT format
This International Standard specifies the physical and magnetic characteristics of a 12,7 mm wide, 128-track magnetic tape cartridge, to enable physical interchangeability of such cartridges between drives. It also specifies the quality of the recorded signals, a format - called Digital Linear Tape 3 Extended (DLT 3-XT) - and a recording method, thereby allowing data interchange between drives. Together with a labelling standard, for instance International Standard ISO 1001 for Magnetic Tape Labelling, it allows full data interchange by means of such magnetic tape cartridges.
Technologies de l'information — Échange de données sur cartouches de bande magnétique de 12,7 mm, 128 pistes — Format DLT 3-XT
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 15895
First edition
1999-12-15
Information technology — Data
interchange on 12,7 mm 128-track
magnetic tape cartridges — DLT 3-XT
format
Technologies de l'information — Échange de données sur cartouches
de bande magnétique de 12,7 mm, 128 pistes — Format DLT 3-XT
Reference number
ISO/IEC 15895:1999(E)
©
ISO/IEC 1999
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ISO/IEC 15895:1999(E)
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ii © ISO/IEC 1999 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E)
ISO/IEC
4.30 Test Recording Current 3
4.31 Typical Field 3
5 Conventions and notations 3
5.1 Representation of numbers 3
5.2 Dimensions 3
5.3 Names 3
5.4 Acronyms 3
6 Environment and safety 3
6.1 Cartridge and tape testing environment 4
6.2 Cartridge operating environment 4
6.3 Cartridge storage environment 4
6.4 Safety 4
6.4.1 Safeness 4
6.4.2 Flammability 4
6.5 Transportation 4
Section 2 - Requirements for the unrecorded tape 5
7 Mechanical and electrical requirements 5
7.1 Material 5
7.2 Tape length 5
7.3 Width 5
7.4 Total thickness 5
7.5 Discontinuity 5
7.6 Longitudinal curvature 5
7.6.1 Requirement 5
7.6.2 Procedure 5
7.7 Out-of-Plane distortions 5
7.8 Cupping 5
7.9 Roughness of the coating surfaces 5
7.9.1 Roughness of the back coating surface 5
7.9.2 Roughness of the magnetic coating surface 5
7.10 Coating adhesion 6
7.11 Layer-to-layer adhesion 6
7.11.1 Requirements 6
7.11.2 Procedure 6
7.12 Modulus of elasticity 7
7.12.1 Requirement 7
7.12.2 Procedure 7
7.13 Flexural rigidity 7
7.13.1 Requirement 7
7.13.2 Procedure 8
7.14 Tensile yield force 8
7.14.1 Procedure 8
7.15 Electrical resistance 8
7.16.1 Requirement 8
7.15.2 Procedure 8
7.16 Inhibitor tape 9
7.17 Abrasivity 9
7.17.1 Requirement 9
7.17.2 Procedure 9
7.18 Light transmittance of the tape and the leader 9
7.19 Coefficient of dynamic friction 9
7.19.1 Requirements 9
7.19.2 Procedure for the measurement of the friction between the magnetic surface and the back surface 10
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E)
7.19.3 Procedure for the measurement of the friction between the magnetic surface or the back surface and calcium
titanate ceramic 10
8 Magnetic recording characteristics 10
8.1 Typical Field 11
8.2 Signal amplitude 11
8.3 Resolution 11
8.4 Overwrite 11
8.4.1 Requirement 11
8.5 Peak shift 11
8.5.1 Requirement 11
8.5.2 Procedure 11
9 Tape quality 12
9.1 Missing pulses 12
9.1.1 Requirement 12
9.2 Missing pulse zone 12
9.2.1 Requirement 12
9.3 Tape durability 12
Section 3 - Mechanical specifications of the tape cartridge 12
10 General 12
10.1 Bottom side and right side 13
10.2 Back side and left side 14
10.3 Tape reel 14
10.4 Tape leader and markers 15
10.5 Front side 16
10.6 Operation of the cartridge 16
10.7 Tape winding 17
10.8 Moment of inertia 17
10.9 Material 17
11 Method of recording 26
11.1 Physical recording density 26
11.2 Channel bit cell length 26
11.2.1 Average Channel bit cell length 26
11.2.2 Long-term average Channel bit cell length 26
11.2.3 Short-term average Channel bit cell length 26
11.3 Flux transition spacing 26
11.4 Read signal amplitude 26
11.5 Azimuth 27
11.6 Channel skew 27
12 Tape format 27
12.1 Reference Edge 27
12.2 Direction of recording 27
12.3 Tape layout 27
12.4 Calibration and Directory Area 27
12.4.1 Scratch Area 28
12.4.2 Guard Area G1 28
12.4.3 Calibration Tracks Area 28
12.4.4 Guard Area G2 29
12.4.5 Directory Area 29
12.4.6 Guard Area G3 29
12.5 Data Area 29
12.5.1 Physical tracks 30
12.5.2 Width of the physical tracks 30
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ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E)
ISO/IEC
12.5.3 Logical tracks 30
12.5.4 Locations of the physical tracks 30
12.5.5 Layout of tracks in the Data Area 31
13 Data format 31
13.1 Data Bytes 32
13.2 Logical Blocks 32
13.3 Data Blocks 32
13.4 Types of Logical Blocks 32
13.5 Entities 32
13.6 Logical Block format 32
13.6.1 Preamble 33
13.6.2 Sync 33
13.6.3 Data Field 33
13.6.4 EDC 35
13.6.5 Control Field 1 (CF1) 35
13.6.6 Control Field 2 (CF2) 36
13.6.7 CRC 37
13.6.8 Postamble 37
14 Use of Logical Blocks 37
14.1 Data Blocks 37
14.2 Filler Blocks 37
14.3 End of Track Blocks (EOTR) 38
14.4 End of Data Blocks (EOD) 38
14.5 ECC Blocks 38
15 Format of Entities 38
16 Error handling 38
Annexes
A - Measurement of light transmittance 39
B - Generation of the Data Block CRCs 42
C - ECC generation 43
D - Generation of page CRCs 46
E - Format of MAP entries 47
F - Format of Control Field 1 48
G - Format of Control Field 2 49
H - Recommendations for transportation 50
J - Inhibitor tape 51
K - Recommendations on tape durability 52
L - Handling guidelines 53
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission)
form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC
participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the
respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees
collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard ISO/IEC 15895 was prepared by ECMA — European association for standardizing
information and communication systems (as ECMA-258) and was adopted, under a special “fast-track procedure”,
by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its approval by national
bodies of ISO and IEC.
Annexes A to G form a normative part of this International Standard. Annexes H to L are for information only.
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ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E)
ISO/IEC
Introduction
This International Standard constitutes a further development of the magnetic tape cartridge specified in International Standard
ISO/IEC 14833. A higher capacity is achieved by using a thinner, thus longer tape.
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ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E) ISO/IEC
4 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply.
4.1 Average Signal Amplitude: The average peak-to-peak value of the output signal from the read head at the
physical recording density of 1 640 ftpmm measured over a minimum length of track of 25,4 mm, exclusive of missing pulses.
4.2 azimuth: The angular deviation, in degrees of arc, of the mean flux transition line of the recording made on a track
from the line normal to the Reference Edge.
4.3 back surface: The surface of the tape opposite the magnetic coating which is used to record data.
4.4 Beginning-Of-Tape markers (BOT 1 and BOT 2): Two holes punched on the centreline of the tape towards
the end nearest to the leader.
4.5 byte: An ordered set of bits acted upon as a unit.
Note - In this International Standard, all bytes are 8-bit bytes.
4.6 cartridge: A case containing a single supply reel of 12,7 mm wide magnetic tape with a leader attached at the
outer end.
4.7 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) character: A 64-bit character, generated by a mathematical computation,
used for error detection.
4.8 Early Warning (EW): A signal generated by the drive indicating the approaching end of the recording area.
4.9 Error-Detecting Code (EDC): A mathematical computation yielding check bytes used for error detection.
4.10 End-Of-Tape marker (EOT): A hole punched on the centreline of the tape towards the end farthest from the
leader.
4.11 Entity: A group of twenty physical blocks treated as a logical unit and recorded on a logical track.
4.12 Error-Correcting Code (ECC): A mathematical computation yielding check bytes used for the correction of
errors detected by the CRC and the EDC.
4.13 flux transition position: The point which exhibits the maximum free-space flux density normal to the tape
surface.
4.14 flux transition spacing: The distance on the magnetic tape between successive flux transitions.
4.15 Logical Block: The two physical blocks simultaneously written on, or read from, the two physical tracks of a
logical track.
4.16 logical track: A pair of physical tracks that are written or read simultaneously.
4.17 magnetic tape: A tape that accepts and retains magnetic signals intended for input, output, and storage purposes
on computers and associated equipment.
4.18 Master Standard Reference Tape: A tape selected as the standard for reference field, signal amplitude,
resolution, peakshift, and overwrite characteristics.
Note - The Master Standard Reference Tape is maintained by the Quantum Corporation.
4.19 object: A Record or a Tape Mark Block.
4.20 page: A logical division of a physical block.
4.21 physical block: A set of contiguous bytes recorded on a physical track and considered as a unit.
4.22 physical recording density:
The number of recorded flux transitions per unit length of track, expressed in flux
transitions per millimetre (ftpmm).
4.23 physical track: A longitudinal area on the tape along which a series of magnetic signals can be recorded.
4.24 Record: A collection of User Bytes, the number of which is determined by the host.
4.25 Reference Edge: The bottom edge of the tape when viewing the magnetic coating of the tape with the BOT holes
to the left and the EOT hole to the right of the observer.
4.26 Reference Field: The Typical Field of the Master Standard Reference Tape.
4.27 Secondary Standard Reference Tape: A tape the characteristics of which are known and stated in relation to
those of the Master Standard Reference Tape.
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E)
Note - Secondary Standard Reference Tapes can be ordered under Reference "SSRT/DLT3XT" until the year 2003 from Quantum Corporation, 333 South
Street, Shrewsbury, Mass. 01545-4195, USA. It is intended that these be used for calibrating tertiary reference tapes for routine calibration.
In principle, these Secondary Standard Reference Tapes will be available for a period of 10 years from the publication of the first version of this International
Standard. However, this period may be changed to take into account the demand for such Secondary Standard Reference Tapes.
4.28 Standard Reference Amplitude (SRA): The Average Signal Amplitude from the Master Standard Reference
Tape when it is recorded with the Test Recording Current at 1 640 ftpmm.
4.29 Standard Reference Current: The current that produces the Reference Field.
4.30 Test Recording Current: The current that is 1,1 times the Standard Reference Current.
4.31 Typical Field: In the plot of the Average Signal Amplitude against the recording field at the physical recording
density of 1 640 ftpmm, the minimum field that causes an Average Signal Amplitude equal to 95 % of the maximum Average
Signal Amplitude.
5 Conventions and notations
5.1 Representation of numbers
The following conventions and notations apply in this International Standard, unless otherwise stated.
− In each block and in each field the bytes shall be arranged with Byte 1, the least significant, first. Within each byte the bits
shall be arranged with Bit 1, the least significant, first and Bit 8, the most significant bit, last. This order applies to the data,
and to the input and output of the error-detecting and error-correcting codes, and to the cyclic redundancy characters.
− Letters and digits in parentheses represent numbers in hexadecimal notation.
− The setting of bits is denoted by ZERO or ONE.
− Numbers in binary notation and bit patterns are represented by strings of ZEROs and ONEs shown with the most significant
bit to the left.
5.2 Dimensions
The dimensions in figures 1 to 4 are nominal dimensions. Unless otherwise stated, all dimensions in figures 8 to 23 are in
millimetres with a tolerance of ± 50 mm.
5.3 Names
The names of basic elements, e.g. specific fields, are written with a capital initial letter.
5.4 Acronyms
BOT 1 Beginning of Tape No. 1
BOT 2 Beginning of Tape No. 2
CF1 Control Field 1
CF2 Control Field 2
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check (character)
ECC Error-Correcting Code
EDC Error-Detecting Code
EOD End of Data
EOT End of Tape
EOTR End of Track
EW Early Warning
FCT1 Forward Calibration Track 1
FCT2 Forward Calibration Track 2
RCT1 Reverse Calibration Track 1
RCT2 Reverse Calibration Track 2
RLL Run Length Limited
SRA Standard Reference Amplitude
6 Environment and safety
Unless otherwise stated, the conditions specified below refer to the ambient conditions in the test or computer room and not to
those within the tape drive.
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ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E) ISO/IEC
6.1 Cartridge and tape testing environment.
Unless otherwise stated, tests and measurements made on the cartridge and tape to check the requirements of this International
Standard shall be carried out under the following conditions.
− temperature: 23 °C ± 2 °C
− relative humidity: 40 % to 60 %
− conditioning before testing: 24 h
6.2 Cartridge operating environment
Cartridges used for data interchange shall be capable of operating under the following conditions.
− temperature: 10 °C to 40 °C
− relative humidity: 20 % to 80 %
Note - Localized tape temperatures in excess of 49 °C may cause tape damage.
If during storage and/or transportation a cartridge has been exposed to conditions outside the above values, it shall be
conditioned before use by exposure to the operating environment for a time equal to, or greater than, the time away from the
operating environment up to a maximum of 24 h. There shall be no deposit of moisture on or in the cartridge.
6.3 Cartridge storage environment
Cartridges shall be stored under the following conditions:
− temperature: 16 °C to 32 °C
− relative humidity: 20 % to 80 %
The stray magnetic field at any point on the tape shall not exceed 4 000 A/m. There shall be no deposit of moisture on or in the
cartridge.
6.4 Safety
6.4.1 Safeness
The cartridge and its components shall not constitute any safety or health hazard when used in the intended manner, or through
any foreseeable misuse in an information processing system.
6.4.2 Flammability
The cartridge and its components shall be made from materials which, if ignited from a match flame, and when so ignited do
not continue to burn in a still carbon dioxide atmosphere.
6.5 Transportation
This International Standard does not specify parameters for the environment in which cartridges should be transported. Annex
H gives some recommendations for transportation.
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E)
Section 2 - Requirements for the unrecorded tape
7 Mechanical and electrical requirements
7.1 Material
The tape shall consist of a base material (oriented polyethylene terephthalate film or its equivalent) coated on one surface with a
strong yet flexible layer of ferromagnetic material dispersed in a suitable binder. The other surface of the tape shall be coated
with a non-ferromagnetic conductive coating.
7.2 Tape length
The length of the tape, from the leader splice to the hub, shall be 560 m ± 1 m .
7.3 Width
The width of the tape shall be 12,649 mm ± 0,010 mm.
The width shall be measured across the tape from edge to edge when the tape is under a tension of less than 0,28 N.
7.4 Total thickness
The total thickness of the magnetic tape at any point shall be between 8,6 μm and 9,2 μm.
7.5 Discontinuity
There shall be no discontinuities in the tape between the BOT 2 and EOT such as those produced by tape splicing or
perforations.
7.6 Longitudinal curvature
The longitudinal curvature is measured as the departure of the Reference Edge of the tape from a straight line along the
longitudinal dimension of the tape in the plane of the tape surface.
7.6.1 Requirement
Any deviation of the Reference Edge from a straight line shall be continuous and shall not exceed 0,076 mm within any 229
mm length of tape.
7.6.2 Procedure
Measure at a tension of 1,39 N ± 0,28 N in a test fixture equipped with two guides spaced at 229 mm. The two guides shall be
spring-loaded to position the Reference Edge of the tape against two edge control surfaces. Measure the maximum deviation of
the Reference Edge of the tape from the line drawn between the two control surfaces.
7.7 Out-of-Plane distortions
All visual evidence of out-of-plane distortion shall be removed when the tape is subjected to a uniform tension of 0,6 N. Out-of-
plane distortions are local deformations which cause portions of the tape to deviate from the plane of the surface of the tape.
Out-of-plane distortions are most readily observed when the tape is lying on a flat surface under no tension.
7.8 Cupping
The departure across the width of the tape from a flat surface shall not exceed 0,76 mm.
Cut a 1,0 m ± 0,1 m length of tape. Condition it for a minimum of 3 h in the test environment by hanging it so that both surfaces
are freely exposed to the test environment. From the centre portion of the conditioned tape cut a test piece of approximately 25
mm length. Stand the test piece on its end in a cylinder which is at least 25 mm high with an inside diameter of 13,0 mm ± 0,2
mm. With the cylinder standing on an optical comparator measure the cupping by aligning the edges of the test piece to the
reticle and determining the distance from the aligned edges to the corresponding surface of the test piece at its centre.
7.9 Roughness of the coating surfaces
7.9.1 Roughness of the back coating surface
The back coating surface shall have an arithmetic average roughness R between 0,005 µm and 0,025 µm (ISO 1302: N2). This
a
measurement shall be made using a contacting stylus of radius 12,5 µm with a 20 mg load, and a 254 µm cut-off range.
7.9.2 Roughness of the magnetic coating surface
The magnetic coating surface shall have an arithmetic average roughness R between 0,005 0 µm and 0,012 5 µm (ISO 1302:
a
N3). For this measurement, the contacting stylus radius shall be 12,5 µm with a 20 mg load, and a 254 µm cut-off range.
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ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E) ISO/IEC
7.10 Coating adhesion
The force required to peel any part of the coating from the tape base material shall be greater than 0,016 N.
Procedure
a) Take a test piece of the tape approximately 380 mm long and scribe a line through the recording coating across the width of
the tape 125 mm from one end.
b) Using a double-sided pressure sensitive tape, attach the full width of the test piece to a smooth metal plate, with the
magnetic coating (recording surface) facing the plate, as shown in figure 1.
c) Fold the test piece over 180° adjacent to, and parallel with, the scribed line. Attach the metal plate and the free end of the
test piece to the jaws of a universal testing machine and set the speed of the jaw separation to 254 mm per min.
d) Note the force at which any part of the coating first separates from the base material. If this is less than 0,016 N, the tape has
failed the test. If the test piece peels away from the double-sided pressure sensitive tape before the force exceeds 0,016 N,
an alternative type of double-sided pressure sensitive tape shall be used.
e) Repeat a) to d) for the back coating.
Figure 1 - Measurement of the coating adhesion
7.11 Layer-to-layer adhesion
Layer-to-layer adhesion refers to the tendency of a layer, when held in close proximity to the adjacent layer, to bond itself to an
adjacent layer so that free and smooth separation of the layers is difficult.
7.11.1 Requirements
There shall be no evidence of delamination or other damage to the coatings.
7.11.2 Procedure
a) Fasten one end of a 914 mm length of tape, magnetic coating inwards, to a horizontally mounted stainless steel cylinder with
a low cold-flow adhesive material.
b) The dimensions of the cylinder shall be
- diameter: 12,7 mm
- length: 102 mm
c) Attach a mass of 1 000 g to the opposite end of the tape.
d) Attach, 25,4 mm above the mass, a narrow strip of double-sided adhesive tape to the magnetic coating.
e) Slowly rotate the cylinder, so that the tape winds uniformly around it into a compact and even roll. The double-sided tape
secures the end and prevents unwinding when the mass is removed.
f) The cylinder with the tape shall then be exposed to the following temperature and humidity cycle:
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E)
Time Temperature RH
16 h to 18 h 54 °C 85 %
4 h 54 °C 10 % max.
1 h to 2 h 21 °C 45 %
g) Open the end of the roll and remove the double-sided adhesive tape.
h) Release the free end of the tape.
i) The outer one or two wraps shall spring loose without adhesion.
j) Hold the free end of the tape and allow the cylinder to fall, thereby unwinding the tape.
k) The tape shall show no coating delamination, except for the 51 mm of tape nearest to the cylinder.
Figure 2 - Measurement of layer-to-layer adhesion
7.12 Modulus of elasticity
The modulus of elasticity (Young's modulus) is the ratio of stress to strain in the longitudinal direction.
7.12.1 Requirement
2 2
The modulus of elasticity shall be between 4 900 N/mm and 9 500 N/mm .
7.12.2 Procedure
Clamp a test piece of tape at least 178 mm in length with an initial 102 mm separation between the jaws of a universal testing
machine with a nominal crosshead speed of 3 mm per minute. Calculate the modulus using the chord of the curve between the
force at 0 % and 1 % elongation.
7.13 Flexural rigidity
Flexural rigidity is the ability of the tape to resist bending in the longitudinal direction.
7.13.1 Requirement
-3
The flexural rigidity of the tape in the longitudinal direction shall be between 0,2 × 10 N ⋅ mm
-3
and 0,8 × 10 N ⋅ mm.
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ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E) ISO/IEC
7.13.2 Procedure
Calculate the flexural rigidity D from the following equation:
3
Et×
2
D = ×−1 υ
()
12
where:
E = modulus of elasticity obtained from 7.12
t = measured thickness of the tape in mm
n = Poisson's ratio, set to 0,33
7.14 Tensile yield force
The tensile yield force required to elongate the test piece by 3 % shall not be less than 9,6 N.
7.14.1 Procedure
Use a static-weighing-constant-rate-of-grip separation tester capable of indicating the load with an accuracy of 2 %. Clamp a
test piece of tape at least 178 mm long with an initial 102 mm separation between the jaws. Elongate the test piece at a rate of
51 mm per minute until a minimum elongation of 10 % is reached. The force required to produce an elongation of 3 % is the
tensile yield force.
7.15 Electrical resistance
7.16.1 Requirement
The electrical resistance of any square area of the magnetic coating shall
6
− be greater than 5 × 10 Ω
12
− not exceed 50 × 10 Ω
The electrical resistance of any square area of the back coating shall
6
− not exceed 100 × 10 Ω
7.15.2 Procedure
Condition a test piece of tape in the test environment for 24 h. Position the test piece over two 24-carat gold-plated, semi-
circular electrodes having a radius r = 25,4 mm and a finish of at least N4, so that the recording surface is in contact with each
electrode. These electrodes shall be placed parallel to the ground and parallel to each other at a distance d = 12,7 mm between
their centres. Apply a force F of 1,62 N to each end of the test piece. Apply a d.c. voltage of 100 V ± 10 V across the
electrodes and measure the resulting current flow. From this value, determine the electrical resistance.
Repeat for a total of 5 positions along the test piece and average the 5 resistance readings. For the back coating repeat the
procedure with the back surface in contact with the electrodes.
Figure 3 - Measurement of electrical resistance
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E)
When mounting the test piece, make sure that no conducting paths exist between the electrodes except that through the coating
under test.
Note - Particular attention should be given to keeping the surfaces clean.
7.16 Inhibitor tape
This International Standard does not specify parameters for assessing whether or not a tape is an inhibitor tape. However, annex
J gives further information on inhibitor tapes.
7.17 Abrasivity
Tape abrasivity is the tendency of the magnetic coating to wear the magnetic heads.
7.17.1 Requirement
The depth of the wear pattern in a ferrite wear bar shall be less than 1,27 µm.
7.17.2 Procedure
A test piece 61 m in length shall be passed for 100 passes (50 cycles) over a rectangular bar of manganese zinc ferrite. The bar
shall be 0,3 mm wide and its top surface shall be rounded off with a radius r = 5 mm. The tape speed shall be 2,54 m/s, the
o
tension shall be nominally 1,3 N and the wrap angle shall be 12°. The wear depth is measured with a profilometer across the
width of the tape path.
Note - Manganese zinc ferrite should be available from Philips Ceramic Division in Saugerties (NY) under order part number 3H7.
Figure 4 - Measurement of abrasivity (not to scale)
7.18 Light transmittance of the tape and the leader
The light transmittance of the tape and the leader shall be less than 5 % when measured according to the method specified in
annex A.
7.19 Coefficient of dynamic friction
The coefficient of dynamic friction is measured between the surfaces of the tape, and calcium titanate ceramic.
7.19.1 Requirements
− Between the magnetic surface and the back surface : greater than 0,20
− Between the magnetic surface and other surfaces: 0,10 to 0,40
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ISO/IEC 15895:1999 (E) ISO/IEC
− Between the back surface and calcium titanate: 0,10 to 0,25
7.19.2 Procedure for the measurement of the friction between the magnetic surface and the back surface
a) Wrap a first piece of tape around a calcium titanate ceramic cylinder (Ra = 0,05 μm) of diameter 25,4 mm and wrap it with
a total wrap angle of more than 90° with the back surface outwards.
b) Wrap a second test piece, with the magnetic surface inwards, around the first test piece with a total wrap angle of 90°.
c) Exert on one end of the outer test piece a force F1 = 0,54 N.
d) Attach the other end to a force gauge mounted on a linear slide.
e) Drive the slide at a speed of 1 mm/s, measure the force F2 required.
f) Calculate the coefficient of dynamic friction γ from the equation
F 1
2
γ=×ln
( )
F π
1
where π is the value of the wrap angle in radians.
7.19.3 Procedure for the measurement of the friction between the magnetic surface or the back surface and calcium
titanate ceramic
a) Wrap a piece of tape around a calcium titanate ceramic cylinder (Ra = 0,05 μm) of diameter 25,4 mm and wrap it with a
total wrap angle of 90° with the magnetic surface or the back surface, as appropriate, inwards.
b) Exert on one end of the test piece a force F1 = 0,54 N.
c) Attach the other end to a force gauge mounted on a linear slide.
d) Drive the slide at a speed of 1 mm/s, measure the force F2 required.
e) Calculate the coefficient of dynamic friction γ from the equation
F 1
2
γ=×
ln( )
F π
1
where π is the value of the wrap angle in radians.
Note - Calcium titanate ceramic should be available from Philips Ceramic Division in Saugerties (NY) under order part Ca Ti.
8 Magnetic recording characteristics
The magnetic recording characteristics shall be defined by testing the requirements given below.
When performing the tests, the output or resultant signal shall be measured on the same relative pass for both a tape calibrated
to the Master Standard Reference Tape and the tape under test (read-while-write, or on equipment without read-while-write
capability, on the first forward
...
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