ISO 21218:2008
(Main)Intelligent transport systems — Communications access for land mobiles (CALM)— Medium service access points
Intelligent transport systems — Communications access for land mobiles (CALM)— Medium service access points
ISO 21218:2008 determines the service access points of a communication interface (CI) as provided by the communication adaptation layer (CAL) for communication, and as provided by the CI management adaptation entity (CIMAE) for management of the CI.
Systèmes·intelligents·de·transport·—·Accès·aux·communications·des·services·mobiles·terrestres (CALM) — Points d'accès au service moyen
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21218
First edition
2008-08-15
Intelligent transport systems —
Communications access for land mobiles
(CALM) — Medium service access points
Systèmes de transport intelligents — Accès de communication pour
services mobiles terrestres (CALM) — Points d'accès au service moyen
Reference number
ISO 21218:2008(E)
©
ISO 2008
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ISO 21218:2008(E)
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ISO 21218:2008(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 2
5 Requirements . 4
5.1 Communication Module Adaptation . 4
5.1.1 General. 4
5.1.2 Communication Adaptation Layer . 5
5.1.3 CI Management Adaptation Entity . 5
5.2 Communication Interface. 6
5.2.1 Classes . 6
5.2.2 Access Classes. 6
5.2.3 CI Identifier . 7
5.2.4 Procedures . 8
5.3 Virtual Communication Interface . 15
5.3.1 Concept. 15
5.3.2 VCI Identifier. 16
5.3.3 Procedures . 17
5.4 Communication SAP . 18
5.4.1 LLC Types of Operation . 18
5.4.2 Addressing . 19
5.4.3 Service primitives (informative) . 22
5.4.4 Priority . 24
5.5 Management SAP. 25
5.5.1 General. 25
5.5.2 CIMAE-SETPARAM . 25
5.5.3 CIMAE-GETPARAM. 27
5.5.4 CIMAE-COMMAND. 29
5.5.5 CIMAE-REQUEST. 32
5.5.6 CIMAE-NOTIFY. 35
5.5.7 MAC management frame. 35
6 Conformance. 36
7 Test methods. 36
Annex A (normative) CI parameters . 37
Annex B (normative) COMMANDs. 54
Annex C (normative) REQUESTs. 58
Annex D (normative) Error/return codes . 61
Annex E (normative) ASN.1 definitions . 62
Bibliography . 72
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ISO 21218:2008(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 21218 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
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ISO 21218:2008(E)
Introduction
This International Standard is part of a family of standards for communications access for land mobiles
(CALM) which determine a common architecture, network protocols and air interface definitions for wireless
nd rd
communications using media such as cellular 2 generation, cellular 3 generation, microwaves, millimetre
waves, and infrared light. Further air interfaces, referred to as communication modules, may be added at a
later date. These air interfaces are designed to support point-to-multipoint and point-to-point communications
for roadside-to-roadside, vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside links in the ITS sector.
This International Standard determines the service access points for the OSI (see Clause 4) layers below the
network layer, i.e.
⎯ the M-SAP (see Clause 4) offered to the IME for management purposes, and
⎯ the C-SAP (see Clause 4) offered to the CALM network layer for communication purposes.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21218:2008(E)
Intelligent transport systems — Communications access for
land mobiles (CALM) — Medium service access points
1 Scope
This International Standard determines the service access points (SAPs) of a communication interface (CI) as
provided by the communication adaptation layer (CAL) for communication, and as provided by the CI
management adaptation entity (CIMAE) for management of the communication interface.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC TR 8802-1 Information technology — Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems — Local and metropolitan area networks — Specific requirements — Part 1: Overview of Local Area
Network Standards
ISO/IEC 8802-2, Information technology — Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems — Local and metropolitan area networks — Specific requirements — Part 2: Logical link control
ISO/IEC 8802-11:2005, Information technology — Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems — Local and metropolitan area networks — Specific requirements — Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium
Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications
ISO/IEC 8825-2, Information technology — ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Packed Encoding Rules
(PER)
ISO 21217, Intelligent transport systems — Communications access for land mobiles (CALM) — Architecture
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 8802-2, ISO/IEC 8802-11,
ISO 21217 and the following apply.
3.1
CI Identifier
unique identifier of a (virtual) CI
3.2
CM Protocol Layers
all OSI communication protocol layers of a CALM CI that are below the CALM network layer except the CAL
3.3
COMMAND
command sent to the CIMAE using the M-SAP service primitive COMMAND.request
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ISO 21218:2008(E)
3.4
Communication Interface
CI
all parts of the OSI communication protocol stack below the network layer, including the related management
functions, for a specific type of communication protocol
EXAMPLE An example of communication protocol is CALM IR (ISO 21214), others are shown in Figure 1.
3.5
Communication Module
CM
all parts of the OSI communication protocol stack below the network layer, including the related management
functions comprising the blocks CMME and CMPL
NOTE CMME and CMPL are shown in Figure 1.
3.6
Interface Management Entity
part of the CALM management which is horizontally connected to the CIMAE
3.7
Medium
physical properties of a CI used to transmit a modulated signal, e.g. wireless or on a wire
3.8
REQUEST
command sent to the IME using the M-SAP service primitive REQUEST.request
3.9
Virtual Communication Interface
logical entity in a CI that is associated with a peer station
3.10
CI Priority Manager
logical entity in a CI that is managing priority queues
4 Abbreviated terms
NOTE See also: ISO/IEC 8802-2, ISO/IEC 8802-11, ISO 21210, ISO 21214, ISO 21217.
APN Access Point Name
BC-VCI VCI for transmission to the broadcast MAC address
CAL Communication Adaptation Layer
CEN European Committee for Standardization
CI Communication Interface
CIC Communication interface class
CI-ID CI Identifier
CIMAE CI Management Adaptation Entity
CIME CI Management Entity
CIPL Interface Protocol Layers
CM Communication Module
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ISO 21218:2008(E)
CMME CM Management Entity
CMPL CM Protocol Layers
C-SAP Communication SAP as offered by the CAL to the CALM network layer
DLL Data Link Layer
DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communication
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
GC-VCI VCI for transmission to a groupcast MAC address
IME Interface Management Entity
LSB Least Significant Bit
MC-VCI VCI for transmission to a multicast (group) MAC address
ME Management Entity
MedID Medium identifier, part of CI-ID
MIB Management Information Base
M-SAP Management SAP as offered by the CIMAE towards the IME
MSB Most Significant Bit
OBU On-Board Unit
OSI Open System Interconnection
PIN Personal Identification Number
RX/TX-CI CI capable of operating in receive and transmit mode
RX-only-CI CI capable of operating in receive mode only
RX-VCI VCI for reception
SerialNumber Serial Number, part of CI-ID
SIM Subscriber Identity Module
SNAP Sub-Network Access Protocol
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
TX-only-CI CI capable of operating in transmit mode only, either broadcast or multicast
TX-VCI VCI for unicast transmission
UC-VCI VCI for reception from and transmission to a unicast MAC address (It consists of a
TX-VCI and the shared RX-VCI.)
VCI Virtual Communication Interface
WAVE Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (IEEE work item related to CALM M5)
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ISO 21218:2008(E)
5 Requirements
5.1 Communication Module Adaptation
5.1.1 General
As CALM is open for existing communication modules (CM), i.e. CMs that are not aware of CALM, and
CALM-specific CMs, there is a need to adapt the interfaces of such existing CMs to those expected by the
CALM network layer and the CALM management. The task is to adapt
⎯ the CM Protocol Layers (CMPL) of the OSI protocol stack of a CM to the common CALM network layer by
means of a Communication Adaptation Layer (CAL), and
⎯ the CM Management Entity (CMME) of the CM to the Interface Management Entity (IME) by means of a
CI Management Adaptation Entity (CIMAE).
The sum of CMPL and CMME in Figure 1 is entitled Communication Module (CM).
The sum of CM and CAL and CIMAE in Figure 1 is entitled Communication Interface (CI).
CMME and CIMAE constitute the Communication Interface Management Entity (CIME).
CAL and CMPL constitute the Communication Interface Protocol Layers (CIPL).
The CM Protocol Layers shall include at a minimum a physical layer (PHY), a medium access control
sub-layer (MAC), and optionally a logical link control sub-layer (LLC). In the communication path, the CAL
shall offer an LLC SAP (C-SAP) towards the CALM network layer, and shall serve the underlying protocol
layer.
In a specific implementation, the CM may include higher layers of the OSI communication protocol stack
including the related management.
The previously stated inclusion of higher protocol layers shall be restricted to those communication
technologies already existing and not being aware of CALM, e.g. the cellular media ISO 21212 and ISO 21213.
In the management path, the CIMAE shall provide a Management SAP (M-SAP) towards the IME, and shall
serve the CM and the CAL.
The CI adaptation is outlined in Figure 1.
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ISO 21218:2008(E)
Figure 1 — Architecture
This International Standard provides common basic functional specifications for the Communication
Adaptation Layer and for the CI Management Adaptation Entity. It specifies both the Communication SAP
(C-SAP) and the Management SAP (M-SAP). Further information may be found in the related standards for
the media, e.g. ISO 21212, ISO 21213, ISO 21214.
5.1.2 Communication Adaptation Layer
The CIs built on different media of CALM are using the same CALM network layer. All CIs shall use the same
type of C-SAP between the CALM network layer and the CAL.
The medium-specific CAL provides a C-SAP to the CALM network layer following the same principles as
outlined in ISO/IEC 8802-2. The supported types of LLC operation and LLC services may depend on the
CALM networking protocol selected.
⎯ For CALM FAST communications, Type I. operation is mandatory, with the LLC service XID being
prohibited.
⎯ The other types of LLC operation, i.e. Type II. and Type III., are optional.
The CAL can be considered as a medium-specific LLC or as an extension of an existing LLC providing the
adaptation of the specific needs of a medium to the common communication C-SAP.
5.1.3 CI Management Adaptation Entity
The CIs built on different media of CALM are using the same IME, i.e. the same CALM management. All CIs
shall use the same type of M-SAP between the CALM management and the CIMAE.
The CIMAE provides the M-SAP to the IME following the same principles as outlined in
ISO/IEC 8802-11 with respect to the Station Management Entity.
Explicit implementation of the SAP between the CMME and the CIMAE is not required. Thus this SAP is
outside the scope of this International Standard.
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ISO 21218:2008(E)
The CIMAE can be considered as medium-specific management entity providing the adaptation of the specific
needs of a medium to the common M-SAP.
5.2 Communication Interface
5.2.1 Classes
Table 1 identifies and distinguishes the classes of CIs.
Table 1 — CI classes
Communication interface class Definition and explanations
CIC-wl1 Wireless CI that is capable of establishing simultaneous associations with
different peer stations for MAC unicast communication, and of receiving
from and transmitting to MAC broadcast and multicast (group) addresses.
Examples: CALM IR, CALM M5, CALM-MM, …
CIC-wl2 Wireless CI that is capable of establishing a session with a single peer
station. Handover between different peer stations may be possible, but
not visible to the CALM upper layers and management entities.
Examples: CALM-G2, CALM-G3, …
CIC-wl3 Wireless CI that is capable to transmitting only on the basis of MAC
broadcast/multicast (group) addresses.
Examples: CALM broadcast stations based on CALM-IR, CALM-M5,
CALM-MM, …
CIC-wl4 Wireless CI that is capable only of receiving frames from a broadcast
station.
Examples: Satellite navigation receiver, satellite broadcast receiver, …
CIC-wl5 Wireless CI that is capable only of performing communications between a
car and a roadside station based on the master-slave principle with the
roadside station being the master. Communication session establishment
is done inside the CI.
Examples: Japanese DSRC, CEN DSRC, …
CIC-wr1 Wired CI for local area network in a CALM installation. Non-deterministic.
CIC-wr2 Wired CI for local area network in a CALM installation. Deterministic.
5.2.2 Access classes
Access to a remote station may require authentication, for example:
⎯ PIN for a SIM card;
⎯ operator data:
⎯ provider name;
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ISO 21218:2008(E)
⎯ APN;
⎯ user name;
⎯ password.
This is identified by means of the CI access class presented in Table 2.
Table 2 — CI access classes
CI access class Definition and explanations
CIAC-1 No user authentication required. Usage of CI is free of any charge.
CIAC-2 CI requires access credentials, e.g. PIN and operator data. Usage of CI is
subject of a service charge, e.g. price per time unit/per data amount
unit/flat-rate.
CIAC-3 CI requires access credentials, e.g. PIN and operator data. However,
usage of CI is free of any charge.
5.2.3 CI Identifier
CIs shall be referenced/addressed by a unique CI-ID.
The CI-ID shall be constructed according to Figure 2.
Figure 2 — CI-ID
The CCK-ID field identifies a CALM Communication Kernel (CCK) in a CALM installation with several routers
and hosts, see ISO 21217. The CCK-ID shall be unique in a CALM installation. The CCK-ID field shall
constitute the least significant byte of the CI-ID.
The MedID field identifies a CALM CI. The MedID shall be unique within a CCK. The value zero shall be used
by the CI during registration at the IME. Assignment of values larger than zero shall be done by the IME. The
MedID field shall constitute the second byte of the CI-ID.
NOTE MedID=0 may also indicate "unknown" or "not existent".
The SerialNumber field identifies the CI or a VCI of this CI; see clause 5.3.2. The SerialNumber shall
constitute the third and fourth byte of the CI-ID. The value zero shall point to the MAC address of the local
station and by this to the CI.
NOTE The management of the situation in which a CI may have to maintain more VCIs than addressable with the
available SerialNumber address space may be possible and is implementation dependent.
The usage of the G/U bit is specified in 5.3.2.
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ISO 21218:2008(E)
5.2.4 Procedures
5.2.4.1 General
The procedures, as specified here, use management services of the M-SAP, as specified in 5.5.
5.2.4.2 Registration
Registration of a CI at the IME is the process of making the CI known at the IME, and of making it addressable
via a unique MedID. See the state machine in Figure 3.
The status of the CI before successful registration shall be CIstatus equal to "not existent".
Upon power-up of the CALM system, or upon physical insertion/activation of a CI, a CI shall request
registration of itself at the IME. The following procedure shall apply [steps 1) to 11)].
1) Set SerialNumber (see Figure 2) to a randomly selected number from an equal distribution process,
with the seed value derived from the unique MAC address of the CI.
2) Set CCK-ID (see Figure 2) to the value zero.
3) Set MedID (see Figure 2) to the value zero.
4) Set all CtrlCI bits (see Figure 2) to zero.
5) Construct the preliminary CI-ID (see Figure 2).
6) Send REQUEST 0 "RegReq" indicating parameter 22 "MedType" and parameter 34 "MAC address"
of this CI.
7) Set timer T_register to the value given in parameter 36 "TimeoutRegister".
8) Await COMMAND 0 "RegCmd" providing true values of "CCK-ID" and "MedID", and confirming the
MAC address as long as T_register has not expired.
9) If the command in the previous step was successfully received, stop T_register and continue with the
next step. If T_register had expired, start again with step 1).
10) If MACaddrTemp matches the confirmed MACaddr, registration was successful. Continue with the
next step. Otherwise start again with step 1).
11) Upon successful registration, set the SerialNumber to the value zero, which together with the CCK-ID
and the MedID as assigned by the IME constitutes the CI-ID of the registered CI. Set
parameter 45 "CCK-ID" and parameter 37 "MedID" as received in COMMAND 0. Set parameter 42
"CIstatus" to the value "registered", and notify this value to the IME. This setting shall trigger creation
of VCIs as specified in 5.3.
In order to register a device with CI class CIC-wl5, set all the CtrlCI bits in step 4) to one.
5.2.4.3 Deregistration
Deregistration of a CI at the IME is the reversal of the registration process of the CI. See the state machine in
Figure 3.
Deregistration may be performed by the CIMAE or may be requested by the IME by sending the
COMMAND 1 "CIstateChng" with the value "deregister".
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ISO 21218:2008(E)
Deregistration shall result in setting the MedID to the value zero, deletion of all VCIs and setting of parameter
42 "CIstatus" to the value "not existent".
Upon successful deregistration, the CI may be physically removed from the system.
5.2.4.4 Inactivation
Inactivation of a CI is the process to reset the CI and to block all subsequent communications. See the state
machine in Figure 3.
Inactivation may be performed by the CIMAE or may be requested by the IME by sending the COMMAND 1
"CIstateChng" with the value "inactivate".
Inactivation shall result in resetting the CI. As a consequence, all VCIs shall be deleted and no more pending
data packets shall be existent in the CI.
NOTE In a CI of class "CIC-wl2" and access class "CIAC-2" such as specified in ISO 21212 or ISO 21213,
inactivation will result in disconnecting from the wireless service, i.e. ringing off.
The CIMEA shall set parameter 42 "CIstatus" to the value "inactive" and shall notify the IME.
5.2.4.5 Activation
Activation of a CI is the process to enable communications in an inactive CI. See the state machine in
Figure 3.
Activation may be performed by the CIMAE or may be requested by the IME by sending the COMMAND 1
"CIstateChng" with the value "activate".
This command shall trigger creation of VCIs as specified below in this document.
NOTE In a CI of class "CIC-wl2" and access class "CIAC-2" such as specified in ISO 21212 or ISO 21213, the state
"active" indicates that the CI is within the communication zone of a base station and thus might connect to the service.
5.2.4.6 Suspension
Suspension of a CI is the process to put all communications of a CI on hold, without deleting any packets or
state variables. See the state machine in Figure 3.
Suspension may be performed by the CIMAE or may be requested by the IME by sending the COMMAND 1
"CIstateChng" with the value "suspend".
All VCIs shall be maintained. No pending data packets shall be lost. An ongoing frame transmission shall be
stopped as quickly as possible.
The CIMEA shall set parameter 42 "CIstatus" to the value "suspended" and shall notify it to the IME.
5.2.4.7 Reactivation
Reactivation of a CI is the process to resume communications in a suspended CI. See the state machine in
Figure 3.
Reactivation may be performed by the CIMAE or may be requested by the IME by sending the COMMAND 1
"CIstateChng" with the value "reactivate".
The CIMEA shall set parameter 42 "CIstatus" to the value "connected" and shall notify it to the IME. Pending
packets shall be processed after activation, if possible, otherwise pending packets may be deleted without
notification to the IME.
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ISO 21218:2008(E)
5.2.4.8 Connection
Connection of a CI is a process that depends on the CI access class.
For CI access class "CIAC-1" connection is established upon first usage of a TX-VCI.
For CI access classes "CIAC-2" and "CIAC-3" connection is achieved upon confirmed establishment of a
connection to the communication network. Connection may be requested by the IME by sending the
COMMAND 1 "CIstateChng" with the value "connect".
The CIMAE shall set the parameter 42 "CIstatus" to the value "connected" and shall notify it to the IME.
5.2.4.9 Disconnection
Disconnection of a CI is a process that depends on the CI access class.
For CI access class "CIAC-1", disconnection shall be performed upon the situation that no more TX-VCI with a
relation to a peer station are known.
For CI access classes "CIAC-2" and "CIAC-3" this is the term
...
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