ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018

Cards and security devices for personal identification — Contactless proximity objects — Part 3: Initialization and anticollision

This document describes the following: - polling for proximity cards or objects (PICCs) entering the field of a proximity coupling device (PCD); - the byte format, the frames and timing used during the initial phase of communication between PCDs and PICCs; - the initial Request and Answer to Request command content; - methods to detect and communicate with one PICC among several PICCs (anticollision); - other parameters required to initialize communications between a PICC and PCD; - optional means to ease and speed up the selection of one PICC among several PICCs based on application criteria; - optional capability to allow a device to alternate between the functions of a PICC and a PCD to communicate with a PCD or a PICC, respectively. A device which implements this capability is called a PXD. Protocol and commands used by higher layers and by applications and which are used after the initial phase are described in ISO/IEC 14443‑4. This document is applicable to PICCs of Type A and of Type B (as described in ISO/IEC 14443‑2), to PCDs (as described in ISO/IEC 14443‑2) and to PXDs. NOTE 1 Part of the timing of data communication is defined in ISO/IEC 14443‑2. NOTE 2 Test methods for this document are defined in ISO/IEC 10373‑6.

Cartes et dispositifs de sécurité pour l'identification personnelle — Objets sans contact de proximité — Partie 3: Initialisation et anticollision

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 18-Jun-2018
• ICS: 35.240.15 - Identification cards. Chip cards. Biometrics
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17 - Cards and security devices for personal identification
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/WG 8 - Integrated circuit cards without contacts
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Due Date: 10-Apr-2020
• Completion Date: 19-Jun-2018

Relations

• Amended By: ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018/Amd 1:2021 - Cards and security devices for personal identification — Contactless proximity objects — Part 3: Initialization and anticollision — Amendment 1: Dynamic power level management
• Effective Date: 27-Nov-2021
• Amended By: ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018/Amd 2:2020 - Cards and security devices for personal identification — Contactless proximity objects — Part 3: Initialization and anticollision — Amendment 2: Enhancements for harmonization
• Effective Date: 13-Oct-2020
• Revises: ISO/IEC 14443-3:2016 - Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards — Part 3: Initialization and anticollision
• Effective Date: 22-Apr-2017
• Consolidated By: ISO 11339:2022 - Adhesives — T-peel test for flexible-to-flexible bonded assemblies
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 14443-3
Fourth edition
2018-07
Cards and security devices for
personal identification — Contactless
proximity objects —
Part 3:
Initialization and anticollision
Cartes et dispositifs de sécurité pour l'identification personnelle —
Objets sans contact de proximité —
Partie 3: Initialisation et anticollision
Reference number
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2018

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/IEC 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols, abbreviated terms and notations . 3
4.1 Symbols and abbreviated terms. 3
4.2 Notations . 5
5 General requirements . 5
5.1 Alternating PICC and PCD support (PXD) . 5
5.2 Alternating between Type A and Type B commands . 5
5.2.1 Polling . . 5
5.2.2 Influence of Type A commands on PICC Type B operation . 6
5.2.3 Influence of Type B commands on PICC Type A operation . 6
5.2.4 Transition to POWER-OFF state . 7
5.3 RFU handling . 7
6 Type A — Initialization and anticollision . 7
6.1 etu . 7
6.2 Frame format and timing . 7
6.2.1 Frame delay time . 8
6.2.2 Request Guard Time . 9
6.2.3 Frame formats .10
6.2.4 CRC_A .12
6.3 PICC states .12
6.3.1 POWER-OFF state.13
6.3.2 IDLE state .14
6.3.3 READY state.14
6.3.4 ACTIVE state .14
6.3.5 HALT state .14
6.3.6 READY* state .14
6.3.7 ACTIVE* state.15
6.3.8 PROTOCOL state .15
6.4 Command set .15
6.4.1 REQA and WUPA commands .15
6.4.2 ANTICOLLISION and SELECT commands .16
6.4.3 HLTA command .16
6.5 Select sequence . .17
6.5.1 Select sequence flowchart .17
6.5.2 ATQA — Answer to Request .17
6.5.3 Anticollision and Select .18
6.5.4 UID contents and cascade levels .21
7 Type B — Initialization and anticollision .23
7.1 Character, frame format and timing .23
7.1.1 Character transmission format .23
7.1.2 Character separation .23
7.1.3 Frame format .24
7.1.4 SOF .24
7.1.5 EOF .25
7.1.6 Timing before the PICC SOF .26
7.1.7 Timing before the PCD SOF .26
7.2 CRC_B . .27
7.3 Anticollision sequence .27
© ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018(E)

7.4 PICC states description .28
7.4.1 Initialization and anticollision flowchart .30
7.4.2 General statement for state description and transitions .30
7.4.3 POWER-OFF state.31
7.4.4 IDLE state .31
7.4.5 READY-REQUESTED sub-state .31
7.4.6 READY-DECLARED sub-state .31
7.4.7 PROTOCOL state .32
7.4.8 HALT state .32
7.5 Command set .32
7.6 Anticollision response rules .32
7.6.1 PICC with initialization only .33
7.7 REQB/WUPB command .33
7.7.1 REQB/WUPB command format .33
7.7.2 Coding of anticollision prefix byte APf .33
7.7.3 Coding of AFI .33
7.7.4 Coding of PARAM .34
7.8 Slot-MARKER command .35
7.8.1 Slot-MARKER command format .35
7.8.2 Coding of anticollision prefix byte APn .35
7.9 ATQB Response .36
7.9.1 ATQB response format .36
7.9.2 Pseudo-Unique PICC Identifier (PUPI) .36
7.9.3 Application data .36
7.9.4 Protocol Info .37
7.10 ATTRIB command .40
7.10.1 ATTRIB command format .40
7.10.2 Identifier .40
7.10.3 Coding of Param 1 .40
7.10.4 Coding of Param 2 .42
7.10.5 Coding of Param 3 .42
7.10.6 Coding of Param 4 .43
7.10.7 Higher layer INF .43
7.11 Answer to ATTRIB command .43
7.12 HLTB command and Answer .44
8 Electromagnetic disturbance handling .44
8.1 General .44
8.2 EMD timing constraints .45
8.3 Recommendations for a PCD algorithm for EMD handling .46
Annex A (informative) Communication example Type A .47
Annex B (informative) CRC_A and CRC_B encoding .50
Annex C (informative) Type A timeslot — Initialization and anticollision .53
Bibliography .57
iv © ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 17, Cards and
security devices for personal identification.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO/IEC 14443-3:2016), which has been
technically revised.
The following are the main changes since the last edition:
— RFU handling rules and clarifications have been added;
— Annexes D and E have been removed.
A list of all the parts in the ISO/IEC 14443 series can be found on the ISO website.
© ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018(E)

Introduction
The ISO/IEC 14443 series of standards describes the parameters for identification cards or objects for
international interchange.
This document describes polling for proximity cards entering the field of a proximity coupling device,
the byte format and framing, the initial Request and Answer to Request command content, methods to
detect and communicate with one proximity card among several proximity cards (anticollision) and
other parameters required to initialize communications between a proximity card and a proximity
coupling device. Protocols and commands used by higher layers and by applications and which are used
after the initial phase are described in ISO/IEC 14443-4.
The ISO/IEC 14443 series of standards is intended to allow operation of proximity cards in the presence
of other contactless cards or objects conforming to the ISO/IEC 10536 series of standards and the ISO/
IEC 15693 series of standards and near field communication (NFC) devices conforming to ISO/IEC
18092 and ISO/IEC 21481.
vi © ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018(E)
Cards and security devices for personal identification —
Contactless proximity objects —
Part 3:
Initialization and anticollision
1 Scope
This document describes the following:
— polling for proximity cards or objects (PICCs) entering the field of a proximity coupling device (PCD);
— the byte format, the frames and timing used during the initial phase of communication between
PCDs and PICCs;
— the initial Request and Answer to Request command content;
— methods to detect and communicate with one PICC among several PICCs (anticollision);
— other parameters required to initialize communications between a PICC and PCD;
— optional means to ease and speed up the selection of one PICC among several PICCs based on
application criteria;
— optional capability to allow a device to alternate between the functions of a PICC and a PCD to
communicate with a PCD or a PICC, respectively. A device which implements this capability is
called a PXD.
Protocol and commands used by higher layers and by applications and which are used after the initial
phase are described in ISO/IEC 14443-4.
This document is applicable to PICCs of Type A and of Type B (as described in ISO/IEC 14443-2), to PCDs
(as described in ISO/IEC 14443-2) and to PXDs.
NOTE 1 Part of the timing of data communication is defined in ISO/IEC 14443-2.
NOTE 2 Test methods for this document are defined in ISO/IEC 10373-6.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 7816-4, Identification cards — Integrated circuit cards — Part 4: Organization, security and
commands for interchange
ISO/IEC 7816-6, Identification cards — Integrated circuit cards — Part 6: Interindustry data elements for
interchange
ISO/IEC 13239, Information technology — Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems — High-level data link control (HDLC) procedures
ISO/IEC 14443-2, Cards and security devices for personal identification — Contactless proximity objects
—Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface
© ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018(E)

ISO/IEC 14443-4, Cards and security devices for personal identification — Contactless proximity objects
—Part 4: Transmission protocol
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 14443-2 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
3.1
anticollision loop
algorithm used to prepare for dialogue between PCD and one or more PICCs out of the total number of
PICCs responding to a request command
3.2
byte
8 bits of data designated b8 to b1, from the most significant bit (MSB, b8) to the least significant bit
(LSB, b1)
3.3
collision
transmission by two PICCs in the same PCD energizing field and during the same time period, such that
the PCD is unable to distinguish from which PICC the data originated
3.4
frame
sequence of data bits and optional error detection bits, with frame delimiters at start and end
3.5
frame error
error on SOF, start and stop bits, parity bits, EOF
3.6
higher layer protocol
protocol layer (not described in this document) that makes use of the protocol layer defined in this
document to transfer information belonging to the application or higher layers of protocol that is not
described in this document
3.7
PCD Mode
mode in which a PXD operates as a PCD
3.8
PICC Mode
mode in which a PXD operates as a PICC
3.9
request command
command requesting PICCs of the appropriate type to respond if they are available for initialization
3.10
transmission error
frame error or CRC_A or CRC_B error
2 © ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018(E)

4 Symbols, abbreviated terms and notations
4.1 Symbols and abbreviated terms
ADC Application Data Coding, Type B
AFI Application Family Identifier, card preselection criteria by application, Type B
APf anticollision prefix f, used in REQB/WUPB, Type B
APn anticollision prefix n, used in Slot-MARKER command, Type B
ATQA Answer to Request, Type A
ATQB Answer to Request, Type B
ATTRIB PICC selection command, Type B
BCC Block Check Character (UID CLn check byte), Type A
CID Card Identifier
CLn cascade level n, Type A
CT cascade tag, Type A
CRC_A Cyclic Redundancy Check error detection code, Type A
CRC_B Cyclic Redundancy Check error detection code, Type B
D Divisor
E end of communication, Type A
EGT extra guard time, Type B
EOF end of frame, Type B
etu elementary time unit
FDT frame delay time PCD to PICC, Type A
fc carrier frequency
FO Frame Option, Type B
fs subcarrier frequency
FWI Frame Waiting time Integer
FWT Frame Waiting Time
HLTA halt command, Type A
HLTB halt command, Type B
ID identification number, Type A
INF information field belonging to higher layer, Type B
LSB least significant bit
© ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved 3

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018(E)

MBL Maximum Buffer Length, Type B
MBLI Maximum Buffer Length Index, Type B
MSB most significant bit
N number of anticollision slots, Type B
n variable integer value as defined in the specific clause
NAD node address
NVB number of valid bits, Type A
P odd parity bit, Type A
PCD proximity coupling device
PICC proximity card or object
PUPI Pseudo-Unique PICC Identifier, Type B
PXD proximity extended device
R slot number chosen by the PICC during the anticollision sequence, Type B
REQA REQuest command, Type A
REQB REQuest command, Type B
RFU reserved for future use
S start of communication, Type A
SAK Select acknowledge, Type A
SEL select code, Type A
SELECT SELECT command, Type A
SFGI Start-up Frame Guard time Integer
SFGT Start-up Frame Guard Time
SOF Start Of Frame, Type B
t maximum automatic mode alternation cycle time
cyc
t minimum time difference of PICC Mode durations
diff
t low EMD time, PICC
E, PICC
t low EMD time, PCD
E, PCD
TR0 guard time as defined in ISO/IEC 14443-2, Type B
TR1 synchronization time as defined in ISO/IEC 14443-2, Type B
TR2 frame delay time PICC to PCD, Type B
UID unique identifier, Type A
4 © ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2018(E)

UID CLn unique identifier of CLn, Type A
uidn byte number n of unique identifier, n ≥ 0
WUPA Wake-UP command, Type A
WUPB Wake-UP command, Type B
4.2 Notations
—  (xxxxx)b data bit representation
—  'XY' hexadecimal notation, equal to XY to the base 16
5 General requirements
5.1 Alternating PICC and PCD support (PXD)
A proximity extended device (PXD) shall alternately support PICC requirements (PICC Mode) and PCD
requirements (PCD Mode).
The alternation between the PICC Mode and the PCD Mode may be either automatic or a Mode (PICC
Mode or PCD Mode) may be explicitly selected by the user.
The PICC Mode and the PCD Mode are defined as PICC and PCD in the ISO/IEC 14443 series of standards.
The automatic alternation is defined as follows:
— the PXD shall altern
...