ISO 23218-1:2022

Industrial automation systems and integration — Numerical control systems for machine tools — Part 1: Requirements for numerical control systems

This document specifies general requirements for the design and manufacturing of numerical control systems (NC systems) for machine tools. It consists of technical and inspection requirements and test methods. This document is applicable to NC systems used in machine tools (including metal cutting machine tools, metal forming machine tools and woodworking machine tools) and to partial assemblies of machine tools (including cabinets and auxiliary devices) intended to be integrated into machine tools. It is also applicable to other production equipment using NC systems.

Systèmes d'automatisation et intégration — Systèmes de commandes numériques des machines-outils — Partie 1: Exigences relatives aux systèmes de commandes numériques

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 23-Jun-2022
• ICS: 25.040.20 - Numerically controlled machines
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 184/SC 1 - Industrial cyber and physical device control
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 184/SC 1/WG 10 - Numerical control systems for machine tools - Technical requirements
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 24-Jun-2022
• Due Date: 16-Dec-2023
• Completion Date: 24-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 23218-1
First edition
2022-06
Industrial automation systems and
integration — Numerical control
systems for machine tools —
Part 1:
Requirements for numerical control
systems
Systèmes d'automatisation et intégration — Systèmes de commandes
numériques des machines-outils —
Partie 1: Exigences relatives aux systèmes de commandes numériques
Reference number
ISO 23218-1:2022(E)
© ISO 2022

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ISO 23218-1:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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ISO 23218-1:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Abbreviated terms . 4
5 Technical requirements . 5
5.1 NC system functional requirements . 5
5.1.1 Coordinate system and motion direction . 5
5.1.2 Programming languages . 5
5.1.3 Control function of the NC system . 5
5.2 Interface signals of NC systems . 5
5.2.1 Analogue interface signal . 5
5.2.2 Digital interface signal . 5
5.2.3 Fieldbus interface . 6
5.3 Environmental requirements of NC systems . 6
5.3.1 General . 6
5.3.2 Temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure environmental
adaptability requirements . 6
5.3.3 Mechanical environment adaptability . 6
5.4 EMC immunity requirements of NC systems . 7
5.4.1 EMC basic requirements for NC systems . 7
5.4.2 Criteria of EMC immunity. 7
5.4.3 EMC basic immunity performance requirements for NC systems . 7
5.5 Protection and safety requirements of NC systems . 9
5.6 Document requirements for NC system . 9
5.6.1 Technical documentation . 9
5.6.2 Guarantee file . 9
5.6.3 Packaging documentation. 9
5.6.4 Nameplate . . 9
6 Test method .10
6.1 Test conditions of NC systems . 10
6.2 Function test of NC systems . 10
6.3 Inspection for basic design requirements of NC systems . 10
6.4 Environmental test of NC systems . 10
6.4.1 Temperature and humidity adaptability test . 10
6.4.2 Mechanical environmental adaptability test . 11
6.4.3 Power environment adaptability test .12
6.5 EMC immunity test of NC systems .12
6.5.1 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) immunity test .12
6.5.2 Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test .13
6.5.3 Surge immunity test . 14
6.5.4 Voltage dip and short interruption immunity test . . 14
6.5.5 Radio-frequency radiated immunity test . 15
6.5.6 Radio-frequency field conduction immunity test . 16
6.5.7 Power frequency magnetic field immunity test . 16
6.6 Packing inspection . 17
6.7 Integrity check for the accompanying product documents . 17
6.8 Sequence of inspection and test . 17
7 Inspection rules .17
7.1 General . 17
7.2 Classification of inspection . 17
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ISO 23218-1:2022(E)
7.3 Type inspection . 18
7.4 Routine inspection . 18
7.5 Special inspection . 18
8 Packaging, storage and transportation .19
8.1 Packaging . 19
8.2 Storage . 19
8.3 Transportation . 19
Annex A (normative) Product quality determination rules and inspection items .20
Bibliography .21
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ISO 23218-1:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Automation systems and integration,
Subcommittee SC 1, Industrial cyber and physical device control.
A list of all parts in the ISO 23218 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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ISO 23218-1:2022(E)
Introduction
Numerically controlled machine tools are effective production assets with an operations stock of more
than four million units and still increasing.
While mechanical construction sets the base for accuracy and durability, the numerical control system
(NC system) enables the leverage the potential of the system.
The NC system comprises a powerful computing hardware, a sophisticated NC-Kernel, and an
elaborated connectivity, stretching from internal process parameters to high level manufacturing
execution systems (MES) integration and beyond. It supports operation concepts from push buttons to
sophisticated touch-panel systems.
Machine tools and their NC systems are used in harsh environments facing operational conditions,
such as vibrations, dirt, coolant spray and electromagnetic interference. Purchasers and operators of
machine tools require confidence in the appropriate quality, durability and usability in order to ensure
the intended use and productivity.
The ISO 23218 series addresses requirements for the NC systems. This document specifically provides
1)
requirements for the NC system itself, and ISO 23218-2 provides requirements for NC system
integration.
Expected users of this document include:
— design engineers working for an NC system company for machine tools, for developing a new and/
or improving a current NC system for machine tools;
— design engineers working for a machine tool builder company, for developing and providing new
and/or improving current machine tools by procuring an NC system;
— facility planning engineers, for procuring new and/or improving current machine tools with an NC
system.
1) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/FDIS 23218-2.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 23218-1:2022(E)
Industrial automation systems and integration —
Numerical control systems for machine tools —
Part 1:
Requirements for numerical control systems
1 Scope
This document specifies general requirements for the design and manufacturing of numerical control
systems (NC systems) for machine tools. It consists of technical and inspection requirements and test
methods.
This document is applicable to NC systems used in machine tools (including metal cutting machine tools,
metal forming machine tools and woodworking machine tools) and to partial assemblies of machine
tools (including cabinets and auxiliary devices) intended to be integrated into machine tools. It is also
applicable to other production equipment using NC systems.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies
ISO 780, Packaging — Distribution packaging — Graphical symbols for handling and storage of packages
ISO 841, Industrial automation systems and integration — Numerical control of machines — Coordinate
system and motion nomenclature
ISO 2806, Industrial automation systems — Numerical control of machines — Vocabulary
ISO 6983-1, Automation systems and integration — Numerical control of machines — Program format
and definitions of address words — Part 1: Data format for positioning, line motion and contouring control
systems
ISO 10303-238, Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and
exchange — Part 238: Application protocol: Model based integrated manufacturing
ISO 14649 (all parts), Industrial automation systems and integration — Physical device control — Data
model for computerized numerical controllers
IEC 60068-2-1:2007, Environmental testing — Part 2-1: Tests — Test A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing — Part 2-1: Tests — Test B Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-6:2007, Environmental testing — Part 2-6: Tests — Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-14:2009, Environmental testing — Part 2-14: Tests — Test N: Change of temperature
IEC 60068-2-27:2008, Environmental testing — Part 2-27: Tests — Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60068-2-31:2008, Environmental testing — Part 2-31: Tests — Test Ec: Rough handling shocks,
primarily for equipment-type specimens
IEC 60068-2-78:2012, Environmental testing — Part 2-78: Tests — Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state
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ISO 23218-1:2022(E)
IEC 60204-1, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61000-4-2:2008, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 4-2: Testing and measurement
techniques — Electrostatic discharge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-3:2020, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 4-3: Testing and measurement
techniques — Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-4:2012, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 4-4: Testing and measurement
techniques — Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test
IEC 61000-4-5:2014, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 4-5: Testing and measurement
techniques — Surge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-6:2013, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 4-6: Testing and measurement
techniques — Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields
IEC 61000-4-8:2009, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 4-8: Testing and measurement
techniques — Power frequency magnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-11:2020, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 4-11: Testing and measurement
techniques — Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests
IEC 61000-6-2, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-2: Generic standards — Immunity for
industrial environments
IEC 61800-3:2017, Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems — Part 3: EMC requirements and
specific test methods
IEC 82079-1, Preparation of instructions for use — Structuring, content and presentation — Part 1: General
principles and detailed requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2806 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
numerical control system
NC system
system that realizes the automatic control of a process by the use of numerical data introduced while
the operation is in progress
Note 1 to entry: Driving devices are not included in NC systems.
3.2
port
access to a device or network of the numerical control (NC) system (3.1) where electromagnetic energy
or signals may be supplied or received or where the device or network variables may be observed or
measured
Note 1 to entry: The port generally refers to the boundary on the external interface of the numerical control (NC)
system, and interface generally refers to the boundary of each unit in NC system.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-131:2002, 131-12-60, modified]
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ISO 23218-1:2022(E)
3.3
enclosure port
physical boundary of the numerical control (NC) system (3.1) through which electromagnetic fields can
radiate or impinge
3.4
power port
port (3.2) which connects a numerical control (NC) system (3.1) to a power supply, which usually includes
a protection grounding port
Note 1 to entry: Power output port of a driver unit connecting to motor is the motor power interface.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-131:2002, 131-12-60, modified]
3.5
signal interfaces of control and measurement
control and measurement signal interface between a device and unit of the numerical control (NC)
system (3.1)
Note 1 to entry: Interfaces are connected with a signal line or signal cable to perform a specified function(s).
3.6
computer signal port
signal port
port between each device of the numerical control (NC) system (3.1) and computer(s), usually including
ports of, e.g. RS232/485, USB, keyboard, network signal
3.7
second environment
environment that includes all establishments other than those directly connected to a low-voltage
power supply network, which supplies buildings used for residential purposes
Note 1 to entry: Industrial areas or technical areas of any building fed from a dedicated transformer are examples
of second environment locations.
[SOURCE: IEC 61800-3:2017, 3.2.3]
3.8
EMC
electromagnetic compatibility
ability of an equipment or system to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment without
introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbances to anything in that environment
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-01-07]
3.9
immunity
ability of a device, equipment or system to perform without degradation in the
presence of an electromagnetic disturbance
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-01-20]
3.10
electrostatic discharge
ESD
transfer of electric charge between bodies of different electrostatic potential in proximity or through
direct contact
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-01-22]
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ISO 23218-1:2022(E)
3.11
electrical fast transient/burst
burst
sequence of a limited number of distinct pulses or an oscillation of limited duration
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-02-07]
3.12
transient, adj
pertaining to or designating a phenomenon or a quantity which varies between two consecutive steady-
states during a time interval which is short compared with the time-scale of interest
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-02-01]
3.13
surge
transient (3.12) wave of electrical current, voltage or power propagating along a line or a circuit and
characterized by a rapid increase followed by a slower decrease
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-08-11, modified]
3.14
voltage dip
sudden reduction of the voltage at a particular point of an electricity supply system below a specified
dip threshold followed by its recovery after a brief interval
Note 1 to entry: Typically, a dip is associated with the occurrence and termination of a short circuit or other
extreme current increase on the system or installations connected to it.
Note 2 to entry: A voltage dip is a two-dimensional electromagnetic disturbance, the level of which is determined
by both voltage and time (duration).
[SOURCE: IEC 61000-4-11:2020, 3.3]
3.15
conducted disturbance
electromagnetic disturbance for which the energy is transferred via one or more conductors
[SOURCE: IEC 61050:1991, 3.20]
4 Abbreviated terms
AC Alternating Current
CDN Coupling/Decoupling Network
DC Direct Current
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
EMI Electro-Magnetic Interference
ESD Electrostatic Discharge
MTBF Mean Time Between Failures
NC Numerical Control
NCSUT Numerical Control System Under Test
PELV Protective Extra-Low Voltage
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ISO 23218-1:2022(E)
RCD Residual Current protective Device
RF Radio Frequency
SPD Surge Protective Devices
SELV Safe Extra-Low Voltage
5 Technical requirements
5.1 NC system functional requirements
5.1.1 Coordinate system and motion direction
Coordinate system and motion direction of the NC system shall be in accordance with ISO 841.
5.1.2 Programming languages
Programming languages used by the NC system should be in accordance with the relevant ISO standards,
e.g. G codes (preparatory function codes) and M codes (miscellaneous function) shall be in accordance
with ISO 6983-1, STEP-NC shall be in accordance with the ISO 14649 series and ISO 10303-238.
5.1.3 Control function of the NC system
Control functions of NC systems should be able to fulfill the control requirements of the machine tools
controlled.
The control functions of the NC system shall be described in detail in the manual.
NC systems should have all relevant modes to fulfill the control requirements of the controlled machine
tools, e.g.
— automatic operation,
— manual operation,
— manual data input (MDI),
— program input and editing,
— home return.
Special function requirements of the NC system can be specified between the supplier and user of the
NC system.
5.2 Interface signals of NC systems
5.2.1 Analogue interface signal
The control signal between each device or unit of the NC system can use analogue interface
signals. Analogue input and output interface signals should be in accordance with the provisions of
IEC 61131-2:2007, 5.3.
5.2.2 Digital interface signal
Digital pulse interface signals between each device or unit for NC systems can have many types:
control level signal, interface signal, feed pulse interface signal, measurement feedback interface
signal, communication interface signal (e.g. RS232/485, USB, keyboard interface). The NC system
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ISO 23218-1:2022(E)
manufacturers should specify them in the product specification or the manual. For pulse interface
signals and level interface signals, their types, pulse rate, signal level and signal current should be
further specified.
5.2.3 Fieldbus interface
The NC system manufacturer should explain the fieldbuses used in the product instructions or manual.
The fieldbus interface should be designed and implemented in accordance with relevant parts of
IEC 61158 and IEC 61784-3.
5.3 Environmental requirements of NC systems
5.3.1 General
Electrical equipment shall be suitable for the physical environment and operating conditions of
its intended use. When special conditions apply or the limits specified are exceeded, an exchange of
information between user and supplier is necessary.
NOTE Environmental requirements for NC systems can be found in IEC 60204-1, IEC 61800-1, IEC 61800-2
and IEC 61131-2.
5.3.2 Temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure environmental adaptability
requirements
NC systems shall be able to be operated, stored and transported in conditions in accordance with
IEC 60204-1.
5.3.3 Mechanical environment adaptability
NC systems shall be able to withstand shock (impact) and vibration under the conditions given in
Table 1, according to IEC 60068-2-6 and IEC 60068-2-27.
Table 1 — Vibration and shock test requirements for NC systems
Vibration (sinusoidal) test Shock test
(NC system is running) (NC system is not running)
2
Frequency range 10 Hz to 55 Hz Impact acceleration 300 m/s
Sweep rate 1 octave/min. Shock wave half-sine wave
Amplitude peak 0,15 mm Time of duration 18 ms
Direction of vibration xyz Direction Perpendicular to the bottom surface
Sweep cycle number 10 one times / axis Shock number 3
NC systems shall be provided by the supplier with a standard packing box for transport, and shall be
able to withstand provisions of the Table 2, transportation impact test.
Table 2 — Requirements for transport shock limit test
Mass (packaging included) Free-fall height
kg m
Mass < 20 0,25
20 < Mass < 100 0,25
100 ≤ Mass 0,10
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ISO 23218-1:2022(E)
5.4 EMC immunity requirements
...