ISO 12877:2011
(Main)Traceability of finfish products — Specification on the information to be recorded in farmed finfish distribution chains
Traceability of finfish products — Specification on the information to be recorded in farmed finfish distribution chains
ISO 12877:2011 specifies the information to be recorded in farmed finfish supply chains in order to establish the traceability of products originating from farmed finfish. It specifies how traded fishery products are to be identified, and the information to be generated and held on those products by each of the food businesses that physically trade them through the distribution chains. It is specific to the distribution for human consumption of farmed finfish and their products, from finfish meal, breeding and finfish farming through to retailers or caterers.
Traçabilité des produits de la pêche — Spécifications relatives aux informations à enregistrer dans les chaînes de distribution des poissons d'élevage
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12877
First edition
2011-08-15
Traceability of finfish products —
Specification on the information to be
recorded in farmed finfish distribution
chains
Traçabilité des produits de la pêche — Spécifications relatives aux
informations à enregistrer dans les chaînes de distribution des poissons
d'élevage
Reference number
©
ISO 2011
© ISO 2011
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ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Abbreviations.2
5 Principle.3
6 Requirements.4
6.1 Identification of the units traded.4
6.2 Recording of information.4
6.3 Fish feed production .6
6.4 Breeders .10
6.5 Hatcheries .12
6.6 Fish farms.16
6.7 Live fish transporters.20
6.8 Processors .23
6.9 Transporters and storers.28
6.10 Traders and wholesalers .31
6.11 Retailers and caterers.34
6.12 Bringing in supplies from outside the domain.36
Bibliography.40
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12877 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 234, Fisheries and aquaculture.
iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
Introduction
There are increasing demands for detailed information on the nature and origin of food products. Traceability
is becoming a legal and commercial necessity.
The ISO definition of traceability concerns the ability to trace the history, application and location of that which
is under consideration, and for products this can include the origin of materials and parts, the processing
history and the distribution and location of the product after delivery. Traceability includes not only the
principal requirement to be able to physically trace products through the distribution chain, from origin to
destination and vice versa, but also to be able to provide information on what they are made of and what has
happened to them. These further aspects of traceability are important in relation to food safety, quality and
labelling.
The scheme specified in this International Standard does not demand perfect traceability, i.e. that a particular
retail product should be traceable back to a single farm and batch of origin, or vice versa from origin to
destination. Pragmatically, it is recognized that mixing of units is likely to occur at a number of stages in the
distribution chains, e.g. in grading at auction markets prior to sale and in the processing of raw materials into
products. Where such mixing occurs, the food business is transforming the trade units. The requirement for
traceability is that the business records the IDs of the received trade units that may be input to each created
trade unit, and vice versa. The particular product is then traceable back to a finite number of farms and
batches of origin, and vice versa.
Given the enormous variety of fish products and of their distribution chains that operate within and between
different countries, and varying legal requirements, the information specifications cannot itemize all the
information that may possibly be required in every situation. This International Standard provides a generic
basis for traceability. Flexibility is allowed for businesses to record further information, in their own
non-standardized files, but keyed to the same unit IDs.
The information remains in the ownership of the food business that generated it, but is available when
required by law for the purposes of traceability (in the event of a food safety problem) or by commercial
agreement between businesses. The structure, names and content of the information is standardized so that it
can be readily communicated from business to business through the distribution chains, ensuring common
understanding of terms and meanings.
Commercial arrangements for businesses to communicate information through the distribution chains are to
be encouraged, particularly for the information desired by the trade to be visible at the various transaction
points in the chains, but that is not the subject of this International Standard.
This International Standard is designed with electronic representation and communication of data in mind, but
this is not a requirement when using this International Standard. The specifications can be met by paper
systems, although the obvious benefits of business efficiency, including rapid communication, will be lost.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12877:2011(E)
Traceability of finfish products — Specification on the
information to be recorded in farmed finfish distribution chains
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the information to be recorded in farmed finfish supply chains in order to
establish the traceability of products originating from farmed finfish. It specifies how traded fishery products
are to be identified, and the information to be generated and held on those products by each of the food
businesses that physically trade them through the distribution chains. It is specific to the distribution for human
consumption of farmed finfish and their products, from finfish meal, breeding and finfish farming through to
retailers or caterers.
NOTE Together with ISO 12875 for captured finfish, this International Standard provides a basis for implementing
chain traceability of finfish.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 8601, Data elements and interchange formats — Information interchange — Representation of dates and
times
ISO 3166-1, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions — Part 1: Country
codes
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
traceability
ability to trace the history, application or location of that which is under consideration
NOTE 1 When considering a product, traceability can relate to
⎯ the origin of materials and parts,
⎯ the processing history, and
⎯ the distribution and location of the product after delivery.
NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 9000:2005, definition 3.5.4.
3.2
Unique Logistic Unit Identifier
ULUI
any composition established for transport and/or storage that needs to be identified and managed through the
supply chain
3.3
Unique Trade Unit Identifier
UTUI
smallest unit which is guaranteed to retain its integrity as it moves from one link of the chain to the next
NOTE UTUI is the smallest unit that is kept whole and undivided with no change in content or label/identification.
4 Abbreviations
In this document, the following abbreviations apply.
EFSIS European Food Safety Inspection Service
ACC Aquaculture Certification Council
EPC Electronic Product Code, a unique number provided by GS1 used to identify instances of trade
items (individual trade units) particularly suited for representation in an RFID chip
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
FBO Food Business Operator, generic term for someone in the supply chain who processes, sends or
receives relevant trade units or logistic units
GLN Global Location Number, a 13 digit globally unique number provided by GS1 used to identify
parties and physical locations
GMO Genetically Modified Organism
GMP Good Manufacturing Practice
GS1 Global non-profit organization dedicated to the design and implementation of global standards and
solutions to improve the efficiency and visibility of supply and demand chains globally and across
sectors. Previously EAN/UCC
GTIN Global Trade Item Number, a 8-14 digit globally unique number provided by GS1 used to identify
types of trade items (product types)
HACCP Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points
HS Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System
ID Identifier
LU Logistic Unit
RFID Radio-Frequency Identification, the use of an object (typically referred to as an RFID tag) applied
to or incorporated into a product for the purpose of identification and tracking using radio waves
RFMO Regional Fisheries Management Organization
SGTIN Serialized Global Trade Item Number, a unique number provided by GS1 used to identify
instances of trade items (individual trade units) by extending the GTIN
2 © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
SSCC Serial Shipping Container Code, an 18 digit globally unique number provided by GS1 used to
identify logistics units
TU Trade Unit
5 Principle
The fundamental principle of chain traceability is that Trade Units (TU) shall be identified by unique codes (UI).
This code may be globally unique in itself (for instance the GS1 SGTIN or EPC numbers) or it could be unique
in that particular scope only, which means that there should be no other TUs in that part of the chain that may
have the same number. If the scope (the company, the chain, the sector, the country, the product type, or
similar) is assigned a globally unique number, the combination of the globally unique scope number and the
locally unique TU number shall constitute a globally unique identifier for the TU.
NOTE 1 The UTUI term is introduced to indicate a TU identifier which is, or can be made, globally unique.
TUs may be grouped together to make Logistic Units (LUs) or LUs may be grouped together to make higher
level LUs. A fundamental principle of chain traceability is that logistic units shall be identified by a unique code.
This code may be globally unique in itself (for instance the GS1 SSCC code) or it could be unique in that
particular scope only, which means that there should be no other LUs in that part of the chain that may have
the same number. If the scope (the company, the chain, the sector, the country, the product type, or similar) is
assigned a globall
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