ISO/IEC 9594-4:2014
(Main)Information technology — Open Systems Interconnection — The Directory — Part 4: Procedures for distributed operation
Information technology — Open Systems Interconnection — The Directory — Part 4: Procedures for distributed operation
ISO/IEC 9594 has been produced to facilitate the interconnection of information processing systems to provide directory services. A set of such systems, together with the directory information that they hold, can be viewed as an integrated whole, called the Directory. The information held by the Directory, collectively known as the Directory Information Base (DIB), is typically used to facilitate communication between, with or about objects such as application entities, people, terminals and distribution lists. ISO/IEC 9594-4:2014 specifies the procedures required for a distributed directory consisting of a mix of Directory System Agents (DSAs) and lightweight directory access protocol (LDAP) servers acting together to provide a consistent service to its users, independent of the point of access. It also describes procedures for protocol conversion between the directory access protocol/directory system protocol (DAP/DSP) protocols and the LDAP protocol.
Technologies de l'information — Interconnexion de systèmes ouverts (OSI) — L'annuaire — Partie 4: Procédures pour le fonctionnement réparti
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 9594-4
Seventh edition
2014-03-01
Information technology — Open Systems
Interconnection — The Directory —
Part 4:
Procedures for distributed operation
Technologies de l'information — Interconnexion de systèmes ouverts
(OSI) — L'annuaire
Partie 4: Procédures pour le fonctionnement réparti
Reference number
ISO/IEC 9594-4:2014(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2014
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ISO/IEC 9594-4:2014(E)
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ii © ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC 9594-4:2014(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 9594-4 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 6, Telecommunications and information exchange between systems, in collaboration with
ITU-T. The identical text is published as Rec. ITU-T X.518 (10/2012).
This seventh edition cancels and replaces the sixth edition (ISO/IEC 9594-4:2008), which has been
technically revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO/IEC 9594-4:2008/Cor.1:2011.
ISO/IEC 9594 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology — Open Systems
Interconnection — The Directory:
— Part 1: Overview of concepts, models and services
— Part 2: Models
— Part 3: Abstract service definition
— Part 4: Procedures for distributed operation
— Part 5: Protocol specifications
— Part 6: Selected attribute types
— Part 7: Selected object classes
— Part 8: Public-key and attribute certificate frameworks
— Part 9: Replication
© ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved
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CONTENTS
Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards . 1
2.2 Other references . 2
3 Definitions . 2
3.1 Basic Directory definitions . 2
3.2 Directory model definitions . 2
3.3 DSA information model definitions . 2
3.4 Abstract service definitions . 3
3.5 Protocol definitions . 3
3.6 Directory replication definitions . 3
3.7 Distributed operation definitions . 3
4 Abbreviations . 5
5 Conventions . 5
6 Overview . 7
7 Distributed Directory system model . 8
8 DSA interactions model . 9
8.1 Decomposition of a request . 9
8.2 Uni-chaining . 9
8.3 Multi-chaining . 10
8.4 Referral. 11
8.5 Mode determination . 12
9 Overview of DSA abstract service . 13
10 Information types . 13
10.1 Introduction . 13
10.2 Information types defined elsewhere . 13
10.3 Chaining arguments . 14
10.4 Chaining results . 17
10.5 Operation progress . 17
10.6 Trace information . 18
10.7 Reference type . 18
10.8 Access point information . 19
10.9 DIT bridge knowledge . 20
10.10 Exclusions . 20
10.11 Continuation reference . 21
11 Bind and Unbind . 22
11.1 DSA Bind . 22
11.2 DSA Unbind . 23
12 Chained operations . 23
12.1 Chained operations . 23
12.2 Chained Abandon operation . 24
12.3 Chained operations and protocol version . 24
13 Chained errors . 24
13.1 Introduction . 24
13.2 DSA referral . 24
14 Introduction . 26
14.1 Scope and limits . 26
14.2 Conformance . 26
14.3 Conceptual model. 26
14.4 Individual and cooperative operation of DSAs . 26
Rec. ITU-T X.518 (10/2012) iii
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Page
14.5 Cooperative agreements between DSAs . 27
15 Distributed Directory behaviour . 27
15.1 Cooperative fulfilment of operations . 27
15.2 Phases of operation processing . 27
15.3 Managing Distributed Operations . 28
15.4 Loop handling . 29
15.5 Other considerations for distributed operation . 30
15.6 Authentication of Distributed operations . 31
16 The Operation Dispatch er . 32
16.1 General concepts . 32
16.2 Procedures of the Operation Dispatcher . 37
16.3 Overview of procedures . 38
17 Request Validation procedure . 39
17.1 Introduction . 39
17.2 Procedure parameters . 40
17.3 Procedure definition . 41
18 Name Resolution procedure . 44
18.1 Introduction . 44
18.2 Find DSE procedure parameters. 44
18.3 Procedures . 45
19 Operation evaluation . 54
19.1 Modification procedures . 55
19.2 Single entry interrogation procedure . 62
19.3 Multiple entry interrogation procedure . 62
20 Continuation Reference procedures . 77
20.1 Chaining strategy in the presence of shadowing . 77
20.2 Issuing chained subrequests to a remote DSA or LDAP server . 79
20.3 Procedures' parameters . 80
20.4 Definition of the procedures . 80
20.5 Abandon procedures . 89
20.6 DAP request to LDAP request procedure . 91
20.7 LDAP result to DAP reply procedure . 95
21 Results Merging procedure . 97
22 Procedures for distributed authentication . 99
22.1 Requester authentication . 100
22.2 Results authentication . 100
23 Knowledge administration overview . 101
23.1 Maintenance of knowledge references . 101
23.2 Requesting cross reference . 102
23.3 Knowledge inconsistencies . 103
24 Hierarchical operational bindings . 104
24.1 Operational binding type characteristics . 104
24.2 Operational binding information object Class definition . 107
24.3 DSA procedures for hierarchical operational binding management . 107
24.4 Procedures for operations . 111
24.5 Use of application contexts . 111
25 Non-specific hierarchical operational binding . 111
25.1 Operational binding type characteristics . 111
25.2 Operational binding information object class definition . 112
25.3 DSA procedures for non-specific hierarchical operational binding management . 113
25.4 Procedures for operations . 114
25.5 Use of application contexts . 114
iv Rec. ITU-T X.518 (10/2012)
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Page
Annex A – ASN.1 for Distributed Operations . 115
Annex B – Specification of hierarchical and non-specific hierarchical operational binding types . 119
Annex C – Example of distributed name resolution . 121
Annex D – Distributed use of authentication . 123
D.1 Summary . 123
D.2 Distributed protection model . 123
D.3 Signed chained operations . 123
Annex E – Knowledge maintenance example . 125
Annex F – Amendments and corrigenda . 128
Rec. ITU-T X.518 (10/2012) v
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Introduction
This Recommendation | International Standard, together with other Recommendations | International Standards, have
been produced to facilitate the interconnection of information processing systems to provide directory services. A set of
such systems, together with the directory information that they hold, can be viewed as an integrated whole, called the
Directory. The information held by the Directory, collectively known as the Directory information base (DIB), is
typically used to facilitate communication between, with or about objects such as application entities, people, terminals
and distribution lists.
The Directory plays a significant role in Open Systems Interconnection, whose aim is to allow, with a minimum of
technical agreement outside of the interconnection standards themselves, the interconnection of information processing
systems:
– from different manufacturers;
– under different managements;
– of different levels of complexity; and
– of different ages.
This Recommendation | International Standard specifies the procedures by which the distributed components of the
Directory interwork in order to provide a consistent service to its users.
This Recommendation | International Standard provides the foundation frameworks upon which industry profiles can be
defined by other standards groups and industry forums. Many of the features defined as optional in these frameworks
may be mandated for use in certain environments through profiles. This seventh edition technically revises and
enhances the sixth edition of this Recommendation | International Standard.
This seventh edition specifies versions 1 and 2 of the Directory protocols.
The first and second editions specified only version 1. Most of the services and protocols specified in this edition are
designed to function under version 1. However, some enhanced services and protocols, e.g., signed errors, will not
function unless all Directory entities involved in the operation have negotiated version 2. Whichever version has been
negotiated, differences between the services and between the protocols defined in the seven editions, except for those
specifically assigned to version 2, are accommodated using the rules of extensibility defined in Rec. ITU-T X.519 |
ISO/IEC 9594-5.
Annex A, which is an integral part of this Recommendation | International Standard, provides the ASN.1 module for
directory distributed operations.
Annex B, which is an integral part of this Recommendation | International Standard, provides the ASN.1 module
providing definitions for hierarchical operational bindings.
Annex C, which is not an integral part of this Recommendation | International Standard, describes an example of
distributed name resolution.
Annex D, which is not an integral part of this Recommendation | International Standard, describes authentication in the
distributed operations environment.
Annex E, which is not an integral part of this Recommendation | International Standard, illustrates knowledge
maintenance.
Annex F, which is not an integral part of this Recommendation | International Standard, lists the amendments and defect
reports that have been incorporated to form this edition of this Recommendation | International Standard.
vi Rec. ITU-T X.518 (10/2012)
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ISO/IEC 9594-4:2014 (E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 9594-4
RECOMMENDATION ITU-T X.518
Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection –
The Directory: Procedures for distributed operation
SECTION 1 – GENERAL
1 Scope
This Recommendation | International Standard specifies the behaviour of DSAs taking part in a distributed directory
consisting of multiple Directory systems agents (DSAs) and/or LDAP servers with at least one DSA. The allowed
behaviour has been designed to ensure a consistent service given a wide distribution of the DIB across a distributed
directory. Only the behaviour of DSAs taking part in a distributed directory is specified. The behaviour of LDAP
servers are specified in relevant LDAP specifications. There are no special requirements on an LDAP server beyond
those given by the LDAP specifications.
The Directory is not intended to be a general purpose database system, although it may be built on such systems. It is
assumed that there is a considerably higher frequency of queries than of updates.
2 Normative references
The following Recommendations and International Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this Recommendation | International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated
were valid. All Recommendations and Standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this
Recommendation | International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent
edition of the Recommendations and Standards listed below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently
valid International Standards. The Telecommunication Standardization Bureau of the ITU maintains a list of currently
valid ITU-T Recommendations.
2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards
– Recommendation ITU-T X.200 (1994) | ISO/IEC 7498-1:1994, Information technology – Open Systems
Interconnection – Basic Reference Model: The basic model.
– Recommendation ITU-T X.500 (2012 | ISO/IEC 9594-1:2014, Information technology – Open Systems
Interconnection – The Directory: Overview of concepts, models and services.
– Recommendation ITU-T X.501 (2012) | ISO/IEC 9594-2:2014, Information technology – Open Systems
Interconnection – The Directory: Models.
– Recommendation ITU-T X.509 (2012) | ISO/IEC 9594-8:2014, Information technology – Open Systems
Interconnection – The Directory: Public-key and attribute certificate frameworks.
– Recommendation ITU-T X.511 (2012) | ISO/IEC 9594-3:2014, Information technology – Open Systems
Interconnection – The Directory: Abstract service definition.
– Recommendation ITU-T X.519 (2012) | ISO/IEC 9594-5:2014, Information technology – Open Systems
Interconnection – The Directory: Protocol specifications.
– Recommendation ITU-T X.520 (2012) | ISO/IEC 9594-6:2014, Information technology – Open Systems
Interconnection – The Directory: Selected attribute types.
– Recommendation ITU-T X.521 (2012) | ISO/IEC 9594-7:2014, Information technology – Open Systems
Interconnection – The Directory: Selected object classes.
– Recommendation ITU-T X.525 (2012) | ISO/IEC 9594-9:2014, Information technology – Open Systems
Interconnection – The Directory: Replication.
– Recommendation ITU-T X.680 (2008) | ISO/IEC 8824-1:2008, Information technology – Abstract
Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Specification of basic notation.
– Recommendation ITU-T X.681 (2008) | ISO/IEC 8824-2:2008, Information technology – Abstract
Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Information object specification.
– Recommendation ITU-T X.682 (2008) | ISO/IEC 8824-3:2008, Information technology – Abstract
Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Constraint specification.
Rec. ITU-T X.518 (10/2012) 1
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ISO/IEC 9594-4:2014 (E)
– Recommendation ITU-T X.683 (2008) | ISO/IEC 8824-4:2008, Information technology – Abstract
Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Parameterization of ASN.1 specifications.
2.2 Other references
– IETF RFC 3672 (2003), Subentries in the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP).
– IETF RFC 4510 (2006), Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Technical Specification Road
Map.
– IETF RFC 4511 (2006), Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): The Protocol.
– IETF RFC 4514 (2006), Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): String Representation of
Distinguished Names.
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this Recommendation | International Standard, the following definitions apply:
3.1 Basic Directory definitions
The following terms are defined in Rec. ITU-T X.500 | ISO/IEC 9594-1:
a) (the) Directory;
b) Directory Information Base.
3.2 Directory model definitions
The following terms are defined in Rec. ITU-T X.501 | ISO/IEC 9594-2:
a) access point;
b) alias;
c) Directory Information Tree ;
d) Directory System Agent (DSA);
e) Directory User Agent (DUA);
f) distinguished name;
g) relative distinguished name.
3.3 DSA information model definitions
The following terms are defined in Rec. ITU-T X.501 | ISO/IEC 9594-2:
a) category;
b) commonly usable;
c) context prefix;
d) cross reference;
e) DIB fragment;
f) DSA information tree;
g) DSA-Specific Entry (DSE);
h) DSE type;
i) immediate superior reference;
j) knowledge information;
k) knowledge reference category;
l) knowledge reference type;
m) naming context;
n) non-specific knowledge;
o) non-specific subordinate reference;
2 Rec. ITU-T X.518 (10/2012)
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ISO/IEC 9594-4:2014 (E)
p) operational attribute;
q) reference path;
r) spec
...
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