ISO 11617:2014
(Main)Buildings and civil engineering works — Sealants — Determination of changes in cohesion and appearance of elastic weatherproofing sealants after exposure of statically cured specimens to artificial weathering and mechanical cycling
Buildings and civil engineering works — Sealants — Determination of changes in cohesion and appearance of elastic weatherproofing sealants after exposure of statically cured specimens to artificial weathering and mechanical cycling
ISO 11617:201 specifies laboratory exposure procedures for determining the effects of cyclic movement and artificial weathering on cured, elastic weatherproofing joint sealants (one- or multi-component).
Bâtiments et ouvrages de génie civil — Mastics — Détermination des variations de cohésion et apparence des mastics élastiques résistants aux intempéries après exposition d'éprouvettes statiquement polymérisées à un cycle mécanique et de vieillissement artificiel
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 11617
First edition
2014-07-01
Buildings and civil engineering
works — Sealants — Determination of
changes in cohesion and appearance
of elastic weatherproofing sealants
after exposure of statically cured
specimens to artificial weathering and
mechanical cycling
Bâtiments et ouvrages de génie civil — Mastics — Détermination des
variations de cohésion et apparence des mastics élastiques résistants
aux intempéries après exposition d’éprouvettes statiquement
polymérisées à un cycle mécanique et de vieillissement artificiel
Reference number
ISO 11617:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014
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ISO 11617:2014(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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ISO 11617:2014(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative reference . 1
3 Definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
5.1 Support . 2
5.2 Spacers . 3
5.3 Backing material (bond breaker) . 3
5.4 Separators . 3
5.5 Container . 4
5.6 Ventilated convection-type oven . 4
5.7 Fully automated test chamber with an artificial light source . 4
5.8 Artificial light source. 5
5.9 Black standard (insulated) and black panel (uninsulated) temperature sensors . 5
6 Preparation of test specimens . 6
7 Conditioning . 6
7.1 General . 6
7.2 Method A (default) . 6
7.3 Method B (option) . 6
8 Test procedure . 7
8.1 General . 7
8.2 Accelerated weathering exposure conditions (default period: six weeks) . 7
8.3 Mechanical cycling . 8
9 Examination for defects . 9
10 Photo documentation of test specimens .13
11 Continuation of degradation cycles .13
12 Test report .14
Annex A (informative) .15
Bibliography .16
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ISO 11617:2014(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 59, Buildings and civil engineering works,
Subcommittee SC 8, Sealants.
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11617:2014(E)
Buildings and civil engineering works — Sealants —
Determination of changes in cohesion and appearance
of elastic weatherproofing sealants after exposure of
statically cured specimens to artificial weathering and
mechanical cycling
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies laboratory exposure procedures for determining the effects of
cyclic movement and artificial weathering on cured, elastic weatherproofing joint sealants (one- or
multi-component).
2 Normative reference
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4628-4:2003, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity
and size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 4: Assessment of degree of
cracking
ISO 4892-1:1999, Plastics — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 1: General guidance
ISO 4892-2:2013, Plastics — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 2: Xenon-arc lamps
ISO 4892-3:2013, Plastics —Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 3: Fluorescent UV
lamps
ISO 4892-4:2013, Plastics — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 4: Open-flame carbon-
arc lamps
ISO 6927:2012, Buildings and civil engineering works — Sealants — Vocabulary
ISO 8339:2005, Building construction — Sealants — Determination of tensile properties (Extension to
break)
ISO 11431:2002, Building construction — Jointing products — Determination of adhesion/cohesion
properties of sealants after exposure to heat, water and artificial light through glass
ISO 11600:2002, Building construction — Jointing products — Classification and requirements for sealants
ISO 13640:1999, Building construction — Jointing products — Specifications for test substrates
CIE Publication No. 20-1972, Recommendations for the integrated spectral irradiance and the spectral
distribution of simulated solar radiation for testing purposes
CIE Publication No. 85-1989, Technical report — Solar spectral irradiance, ISBN 3 900 734 22 4
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the definitions given in ISO 6927 apply.
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ISO 11617:2014(E)
Any notation in this standard shown as ‘target set value x ± operational fluctuation y’ shall be interpreted
as follows: set the experimental parameter at the target value x and maintain the experimental parameter
during the test procedure at ± y from the specified setting x. If the operational fluctuations exceed the
maximum allowable value after the equipment has stabilized, discontinue the test and correct the cause
of the problem before continuing.
4 Principle
Test specimens are prepared in which the sealant to be tested adheres to two parallel support surfaces
(substrates). The specimens are conditioned statically (no movement) in a controlled climate. The
conditioned specimens are then exposed to repetitive degradation cycles of artificial weathering (light,
heat, and moisture) and cyclic movement under controlled environmental conditions. Within each cycle,
weathering is carried out for six weeks in an artificial weathering machine. Simultaneously, with the
weathering, mechanical cycling is carried out by changing the position of the extension/compression
once a week. After completion of each degradation cycle (each lasting six weeks), the specimens (in
their extended/compressed state) are visually examined for changes in appearance, cohesion, and
adhesion of the sealant beads. The rating for quantity, width, and depth of cohesive cracks for a specific
extension/compression value achieved along the length of the specimen as well as the depth, length, and
range of any very significant loss of cohesion or adhesion (defined as >3 mm crack depth) is determined
and the general condition of the sealant is reported. The weathering and mechanical cycling exposure
and the examination for failures constitute a degradation cycle and the degradation cycle is repeated as
often as desired to achieve a certain exposure.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Support
Anodized aluminium support (as shown in Figure 1) for the preparation of test specimens, consisting
of two pivoting, L-shaped anodized aluminium support elements of dimensions 120 mm × 18 mm ×
18 mm (length × width × height) and 2 mm thickness riveted onto an anodized aluminium base-plate of
2 mm thickness such that a cavity of dimensions 120 mm × 20 mm × 18 mm (length × width × height)
is formed. Riveting of the support elements on the base-plate shall be such that they can be turned
freely with minimal friction on the pivot (fulcrum). The base plate holds five equally spaced holes of
5 mm diameter (for improved ventilation of the back face of the sealant such as to ensure better cure or
drying of the sealant) and two 3 mm holes for fixation of the specimen (see Figure 1 and Annex A). For
the specification of the anodized aluminium, refer to ISO 13640. All surfaces of the anodized aluminium
support to be later in contact with the sealant shall be cleaned according to the sealant manufacturer’s
recommendation.
NOTE Achieving optimum adhesion on the support substrate is important in order to obtain reproducible
ratings for surface and bulk degradation (cracking, crazing, cohesive failure, etc.) that is induced or influenced by
mechanical cycling. Even a partial loss of adhesion will cause a section of the test specimen to be exposed to no or a
lower degree of mechanical cycling than intended for a given movement amplitude of the sealant and invalidate the
results obtained for this movement exposure (as assessed along the extended leg of the test specimen). Currently,
no cleaning procedure and cleaning agent(s) have been identified that provide optimum adhesion on the support
substrate for all sealant products. Therefore, no cleaning procedure is specified in this International Standard.
If the manufacturer does not provide a recommendation for the cleaning procedure, the following method is
suggested for consideration by the experimenter: Clean all surfaces of the anodized aluminium support to be
later in contact with the sealant with high purity acetone (purity, by gas chromatography: 99,8 %) as follows: a)
saturate a clean, lint-free paper tissue or cloth with the solvent; b) clean the substrate with the solvent-saturated
cloth or tissue by wiping a minimum of three times so that visible contamination cannot be observed; c) wipe
the substrate with solvent-saturated cloth or tissue and immediately afterwards dry wipe the substrate surface
thoroughly using a dry, clean, lint-free paper tissue or cloth before the solvent completely evaporates. Repeat step
c) at least once. In each wipe of the substrate surface during step c), a new, uncontaminated cloth or tissue should
be used. For severely contaminated substrates, additional pre-cleaning steps can be required.
If other support materials are to be used, they shall be characterized and shall be described in the test
report. If other support dimensions are used, they shall be described in the test report.
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ISO 11617:2014(E)
Figure 1 — Schematic drawing of test specimen — Sealant in anodized aluminium support used
for cyclic mechanical movement of sealant (all units in mm)
5.2 Spacers
Spacers for the preparation of the specimens, of dimensions 20 mm × 18 mm × 10 mm, with anti-adherent
surface (see Figure 1) shall be used. If the spacers are made of material to which the sealant adheres,
their surface shall be made anti-adherent, e.g. by a thin wax coating.
5.3 Backing material (bond breaker)
Open-cell foam backing material [polyethylene (PE) or polyurethane (PU) foam] of 3 mm thickness
for the preparation of test specimens shall be used. The foam backing material shall not restrict the
movement of the L-shaped pivoted support elements.
5.4 Separators
Separators of appropriate dimensions shall be used to hold the test specimens in extension up to the
maximum specified movement amplitude of the sealant.
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ISO 11617:2014(E)
5.5 Container
Container filled with demineralised or distilled water shall be used for conditioning according to method
B.
5.6 Ventilated convection-type oven
Ventilated convection-type oven, capable of being maintained at (70 ± 2) °C, shall be used for conditioning
according to method B.
5.7 Fully automated test chamber with an artificial light source
Fully automated test chamber with an artificial light source (5.8), shall be used, capable of exposing the
test specimens to radiation under controlled conditions of temperature, relative humidity, and water,
complying with the requirements of ISO 4892, Parts 1, 2, 3, and 4. The radiation is always directed
towards the same surface of the sealant specimen. Standard practices for operating such accelerated
weathering chambers are described in ISO 4892-1.
The level of irradiance and water exposure at the specimen surface as described in 5.8 and 8.2 cannot
be altered.
In fully automated test equipment, exposure to water for this test method is accomplished by water
1),2)
spraying the specimen surface or immersing the test specimens in water. Contamination of the water
is to be avoided. The purity of the water to be used is described in ISO 4892-1. The water temperatures
are typically (21 ± 5) °C for the spray water and typically (40 ± 5) °C for the re-circulated immersion
3)
water.
Suitable equipment and test procedures for cyclic exposures to water are described in ISO 4892, Parts
1, 2, 3, and 4. Water is a key factor contributing to the ageing of sealants, especially in combination with
exposure to light. In xenon arc devices that use water spray for wetting, relative humidity during the
4)
light period shall be maintained at (50 ± 10)% r.h. (see ISO 4892-2, Table 3, Method A, Cycle Number 1).
1) Adequate heat transfer between the test specimen and the environment is essential during the lower temperature
period in the fluorescent UV/condensation device in order for condensation on the sealant to occur. This places
restrictions on the thermal mass and, consequently, on the dimensions of a specimen. No experimental data have
been generated on the time-of-wetness of sealant test specimens of the kind specified in this International Standard
when placed in fluorescent UV/condensation device operating at conditions specified in this International Standard.
However, testing conducted by ASTM C24 on ISO 8339 specimens appears to suggest that the condensation process
provided in the fluorescent UV/condensation apparatus is generally not applicable to the type of sealant specimens
tested. Therefore, wetting in this International Standard is carried out by water spray on the exposed specimen
surface (default method). However, the front surface water spray accessory was not designed for this purpose
and requires an unreasonable amount of pure water for the wet period specified. Therefore, often the equipment
is modified to allow re-circulation of the water during the exposure period. Some fluorescent UV equipment has
adaptable spray manifolds, which allow installation of lower flow type nozzles, thus reducing the amount of pure
water used.
2) Data generated with these two methods of water exposure (spray or immersion) in a round robin test on a set of
sealants for revision of ISO 11431 showed acceptable correlation, although contributions to the various degradation
mechanisms acting in the specimens (e.g. hydrolysis, thermal shock, leaching of formulation components, etc.) can
differ between these exposures. The degree of correlation between these two methods thus can vary depending on
the specific sealant tested.
3) Spray water can be fresh or re-circulated from a holding tank. Immersion water is generally in a holding tank
for re-circulation. The temperature of the spray water is uncontrolled and for fresh water is typically (21 ± 5) °C. Re-
circulated spray water can be at a higher temperature. The uncontrolled temperature of the re-circulated immersion
water during operation of the weathering device is typically (40 ± 5) °C. It can be controlled by heating the water to a
higher temperature. However, heating is not desirable because the water immersion temperature would then differ
to a larger extent from the spray water temperature.
4) Generally, automated-weathering equipment based on xenon-arc light with water immersion exposure and
fluorescent UV lamp type equipment do not allow control of humidity during the light period.
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ISO 11617:2014(E)
In the immersion technique, the test specimens are placed in a chamber that is periodically flooded
with re-circulated water. During immersion, the specimens are completely covered by water. The water
temperature is measured below the water surface with the black standard thermometer. The immersion
system shall be made from corrosion resistant materials that do not contaminate the water employed.
5.8 Artificial light source
Light sources for the simulation of the global radiation at the surface of the earth are subject to
development. The degree of approximation to the spectral power distribution according to CIE
publication No. 85 (Table 4) depends on the type of lamp. Xenon-arc lamps with suitable filters are
preferred and are considered the default for the purpose of this International Standard.
Several factors can change the intensity and the spectral power distribution of the artificial light source
during service. Comply with the manufacturer’s recommendations and the requirements of ISO 4892 to
maintain constant irradiation conditions.
5.8.1 Xenon-arc light source (default)
Xenon-arc light source with daylight filters shall be used for the simulation of terrestrial daylight as
defined in the CIE publication No. 85. The spectral power distribution of the radiation shall comply
with the requirements outlined in ISO 4892-2, method A. Irradiance at the surface of the test specimens
2 2
between the wavelengths of 300 nm and 800 nm shall be set at 550 W/m and maintained at ±75 W/m .
2 2
The equivalent irradiance setting for 300 nm to 400 nm shall be 60 W/m maintained at ±2 W/m and
2 2
the setting for 340 nm shall be 0,51 W/(m nm) maintained at ±0,02 W/(m nm). If, exceptionally, other
intensities will be used, these shall be stated in the test report. Irradiance below 300 nm shall not exceed
2
1 W/m . The irradiance shall not vary by more than ±10 % over the whole specimen exposure area.
5.8.2 Fluorescent ultraviolet source (option)
Fluorescent UVA-340 lamp(s) shall be used. The radiation of UVA-340 lamp(s) is mainly in the ultraviolet
region between 300 nm and 360 nm with negligible visible and infrared radiation. The spectral power
distribution of the radiation shall comply with the requirements outlined in ISO 4892-3 for a lamp with
2
343 nm peak emission. Irradiance below 300 nm shall not exceed 1 W/m . The irradiance shall not vary
by more than ±10 % over the whole specimen exposure area.
5.8.3 Open-flame carbon arc source (option)
Open-flame carbon arc light sources typically use carbon rods, which contain a mixture of metal salts.
An electric current is passed between the carbon rods, which burn and give off ultraviolet, visible, and
infrared radiation. Use carbon rods recommended by the device manufacturer. The spectral power
distribution of the radiation shall comply with the requirements outlined in ISO 4892-4, open-flame
5)
carbon arc light source with daylight type filter (type 1 filter).
5.9 Black standard (insulated) and black panel (uninsulated) temperature sensors
Black standard (default) and black panel thermometer (option) temperature sensors shall comply
with the requirements outlined in ISO 4892-1, 5.2. The default thermometer is the black standard
thermometer.
NOTE Under given operation conditions, black panel (uninsulated) thermometers tend to indicate lower
temperatures than the black standard (insulated) thermometers. The temperature difference between the two
types ranges between 3 °C and 12 °C, being smaller at lower irradiance levels.
The thermometer shall be mounted on the specimen rack so that its surface is in the same relative
position and subjected to the same influences as the test specimens. Readings shall only be taken after
sufficient time has elapsed for the temperature to become constant.
5) The chemical composition of the carbon rods can affect the spectral power distribution of open flame carbon
arc light sources.
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved 5
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ISO 11617:2014(E)
6 Preparation of test specimens
Three test specimens for each sealant and each aging method shall be prepared.
Bring the sealant to (23 ± 2) °C before preparation of the specimens (this is generally achieved by
conditioning the packaged sealant for 24 h at this temperature). Prepare three specimens. For each
specimen, assemble one support (5.1), see Figure 1, by inserting two spacers (5.2) at the ends of the
joint. Apply the open-cell backing foam (5.3) to the bottom of the joint.
Follow the instructions of the sealant manufacturer concerning the sealant application, for instance,
whether a primer is to be used on the contact surface of the L-shaped support elements.
Fill the hollow volume (dimensions: width × depth × length = 20 mm × 15 mm × 100 mm) formed by the
support, the backing foam and spacers with the sealant, while taking the following precautions:
a) Avoid the formation of air bubbles.
b) Press the sealant to the inner surfaces of the pivoted support elements.
c) Trim the sealant surface so that it is flushed with the faces of the support elements and spacers.
After preparation, the sealant test specimens shall be examined for defects. Any test specimens deemed
unsuitable for testing shall be rejected.
7 Conditioning
7.1 General
Condition the specimens at rest (static conditioning) in accordance with method A (default) or method
B (option), as agreed between the parties concerned.
7.2 Method A (default)
Place the specimens, such that air can freely circulate to the back-face of the base-plate. Condition the
specimens, with the spacers in place, for 28 d at (23 ± 2) °C and (50 ± 5) % relative humidity. After the
conditioning, remove the spacers at both sides of the sealant joint.
7.3 Method B (option)
Condition the specimens first according to method A. Then subject them three times to the following
conditioning cycle:
a) 3 d in the oven (5.6) at (70 ± 2) °C;
b) 1 d in distilled water at (23 ± 2) °C;
c) 2 d in the oven (5.6) at (70 ± 2) °C;
d) 1 d in distilled water at (23 ± 2) °C.
This cycle can be carried out alternatively in the sequence c), d), a), and b). After the conditioning, remove
the spacers at both sides of the sealant joint.
NOTE Conditioning B is a normal conditioning method using the influence of water and heat to accelerate the
cure of the sealant. It is not intended to give information on the durability of the sealant.
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ISO 11617:2014(E)
8 Test procedure
8.1 General
After conditioning and removal of the spacers, expose the specimens to the artificial weathering cycles
and mechanical movement (fatigue) cycles, as agreed by the parties concerned. The choice of the type
of accelerated weathering exposure shall be by mutual agreement among the interested parties. The
default degradation cycle is six weeks of exposure in Xenon-arc type automatic weathering equipment
(8.2.1) with the test specimen simultaneously being exposed to mechanical cycling (8.3). The default
value for the total number of degradation cy
...
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 11617
ISO/TC 59/SC 8 Secretariat: SAC
Voting begins on Voting terminates on
2013-03-15 2013-06-15
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ • ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Buildings and Civil Engineering Works — Sealants —
Determination of changes in adhesion, cohesion and
appearance of elastic weatherproofing sealants after exposure
of statically cured specimens to artificial weathering and
mechanical cycling
Construction immobilière — Produits pour joints — Méthode d'essai pour évaluer la durabilité des mastics pour
construction
ICS 91.100.50
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee
secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at
publication stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
© International Organization for Standardization, 2013
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ISO/DIS 11617
Copyright notice
This ISO document is a Draft International Standard and is copyright-protected by ISO. Except as permitted
under the applicable laws of the user’s country, neither this ISO draft nor any extract from it may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission being secured.
Requests for permission to reproduce should be addressed to either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.
Violators may be prosecuted.
ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DIS 11617
Contents Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative reference . 1
3 Definitions . 2
4 Principle. 2
5 Apparatus . 2
6 Preparation of test specimens . 6
7 Conditioning . 6
8 Test procedure . 7
9 Examination for defects . 9
10 Photo documentation of test specimens . 11
11 Continuation of degradation cycles . 12
12 Test report . 12
Bibliography . 14
© ISO 2011 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO/DIS 11617
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 11617 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 59, Buildings and civil engineering works,
Subcommittee SC 8, Sealants.
This second/third/. edition cancels and replaces the first/second/. edition (), [clause(s) / subclause(s) /
table(s) / figure(s) / annex(es)] of which [has / have] been technically revised.
iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DIS 11617
Buildings and Civil Engineering Works — Sealants —
Determination of changes in adhesion, cohesion and
appearance of elastic weatherproofing sealants after exposure
of statically cured specimens to artificial weathering and
mechanical cycling
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies laboratory exposure procedures for determining the effects of cyclic
movement and artificial weathering on cured, elastic weatherproofing joint sealants (one- or multi-component).
2 Normative reference
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ASTM G152 (2006) Standard Practice for Operating Open Flame Carbon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of
Non-Metallic Materials
ASTM G154 (2006) Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatus for UV Exposure of Non-
Metallic Materials
CIE Publication No. 85: 1989, Recommendations for the Integrated Irradiance and the Spectral Distribution of
Simulated Radiation for Testing Purposes; Solar Spectral Irradiance, ISBN 3 900 734 224
ISO 4892-1: 1999 Plastics - Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources - Part 1: General Guidance
ISO 4892-2: 2006 Plastics - Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources - Part 2: Xenon Lamps
ISO 4892-2:2006/Amd.1:2009 Plastics - Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources - Part 2: Xenon Arc
Lamps
ISO 4892-3: 2006 Plastics - Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources - Part 3: Fluorescent UV
Lamps
ISO 4892-4: 2004/Cor 1:2005 Plastics - Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources – Part 4: Open-
flame Carbon-arc Lamps
ISO 6927: 2012 Buildings and Civil Engineering Works – Sealants - Vocabulary
ISO 8339: 2005 Building Construction – Sealants – Determination of Tensile Properties (Extension to Break)
ISO 11431: 2002 Building Construction — Jointing Products — Determination of Adhesion/Cohesion
Properties of Sealants after Exposure to Heat, Water and Artificial Light Through Glass
© ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 1
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ISO/DIS 11617
ISO 11600: 2002 Building Construction — Jointing products — Classification and Requirements for Sealants ,
ISO 11600: 2002/Amd 1:2011
ISO 13640: 1999 Building Construction — Jointing Products — Specifications for Test Substrates
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 6927 apply.
Any notation in this standard shown as ‘target set value x ± operational fluctuation y’ shall be interpreted as
follows: set the experimental parameter at the target value x and maintain the experimental parameter during
the test procedure at ± y from the specified setting x. If the operational fluctuations exceed the maximum
allowable value after the equipment has stabilized, discontinue the test and correct the cause of the problem
before continuing.
4 Principle
Test specimens are prepared in which the sealant to be tested adheres to two parallel support surfaces
(substrates). The specimens are conditioned statically (no movement) in a laboratory controlled climate. The
conditioned specimens are then exposed to repetitive cycles of artificial weathering (light, heat and moisture)
and cyclic movement under controlled environmental conditions. Weathering is carried out for six weeks in an
artificial weathering machine. Simultaneously with the weathering, mechanical cycling is carried out by
changing the position of the extension/compression once a week. After completion of each degradation cycle
(each lasting six weeks), the specimens (in their extended/compressed state) are visually examined for
changes in appearance, cohesion and adhesion of the sealant beads. The rating for quantity, width and depth
of cohesive cracks for a specific extension/compression value achieved along the length of the specimen as
well as the depth, length and range of any very significant loss of cohesion or adhesion (defined as >3 mm
crack depth) is determined and the general condition of the sealant is reported. The weathering and
mechanical cycling exposure and the examination for failures constitute a degradation cycle and the
degradation cycle is repeated as often as desired to achieve a certain exposure.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Support
Anodized aluminium support (as shown in Figure 1) for the preparation of test specimens, consisting of two
pivoting, L-shaped anodized aluminium support elements of dimensions 120 mm x 18 mm x 18 mm (length x
width x height) and 2 mm thickness riveted onto an anodised aluminium base-plate of 2 mm thickness such
that a cavity of dimensions 120 mm x 20 mm x 18 mm (length x width x height) is formed. Riveting of the
support elements on the base-plate shall be such that they can be turned freely with minimal friction on the
pivot (fulcrum). The base plate holds five (5) equally spaced holes of 5 mm diameter (for improved ventilation
of the back face of the sealant such as to ensure better cure or drying of the sealant) and two (2) 3 mm holes
for fixation of the spacers. For the specification of the anodised aluminium, refer to ISO 13640. All surfaces of
the anodized aluminium support to be later in contact with the sealant shall be cleaned according to the
sealant manufacturer’s recommendation.
NOTE Achieving optimum adhesion on the support substrate is important in order to obtain reproducible ratings
for surface and bulk degradation (cracking, crazing, cohesive failure, et cetera) that is induced or influenced by
mechanical cycling. Even a partial loss of adhesion will cause a section of the test specimen to be exposed to no or a
lower degree of mechanical cycling than intended for the movement rating of the sealant and invalidate the results
obtained for this movement exposure (as assessed along the extended leg of the test specimen). Currently, no
cleaning procedure and cleaning agent(s) have been identified that provide optimum adhesion on the support
substrate for all sealant products. Therefore, no cleaning procedure is specified in this standard. If the manufacturer
does not provide a recommendation for the cleaning procedure, the following method is suggested for consideration
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ISO/DIS 11617
by the experimenter: Clean all surfaces of the anodized aluminium support to be later in contact with the sealant with
high purity acetone (purity (GC): 99.8%) as follows: (a) saturate a clean, lint-free paper tissue or cloth with the solvent,
(b) clean the substrate with the solvent-saturated cloth or tissue by wiping a minimum of four times, (c) dry wipe the
substrate surface thoroughly using a dry, clean, lint-free paper tissue or cloth before the solvent completely
evaporates. After completion of this procedure, repeat steps (a) to (c).
If other support materials are to be used, they must be characterised and must be described in the test report.
If other support dimensions are used, they must be described in the test report.
Figure 1 — Schematic drawing of test specimen: sealant in anodised aluminium support used for
cyclic mechanical movement of sealant (all units in mm)
5.2 Spacers
Spacers for the preparation of the specimens, of dimensions 20 mm x 18 mm x 10 mm, with anti-adherent
surface (see Figure 1) shall be used. If the spacers are made of material to which the sealant adheres, their
surface must be made anti-adherent, e.g. by a thin wax coating.
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5.3 Backing material (bond breaker)
Open-cell foam backing material (polyethylene (PE) or polyurethane (PU) foam) of 3 mm thickness for the
preparation of test specimens shall be used. The foam backing material shall not restrict the movement of the
L-shaped pivoted support elements.
5.4 Separators
Separators, of appropriate dimensions, shall be used to hold the test specimens in extension up to the rated
movement capability of the sealant.
5.5 Container
Container filled with demineralised or distilled water shall be used for conditioning according to Method B.
5.6 Ventilated convection-type oven
Ventilated convection-type oven, capable of being maintained at (70±2) °C, shall be used for conditioning
according to Method B.
5.7 Fully automated test chamber with an artificial light source
Fully automated test chamber with an artificial light source (see 5.8), shall be used, capable of exposing the
test specimens to radiation under controlled conditions of temperature, relative humidity, and water, complying
with the requirements of ISO 4892, Parts 1, 2, 3 and 4. The radiation is always directed towards the same
surface of the sealant specimen. Standard practices for operating such accelerated weathering chambers are
described in ISO 4892-1.
The level of irradiance and water exposure at the specimen surface as described in sections 5.8 and 8.2 may
not be altered.
In fully automated test equipment, exposure to water for this test method is accomplished by water spraying
1,2
the specimen surface or immersing the test specimens in water . Contamination of the water is to be avoided.
The purity of the water to be used is described in ISO 4892, Part 1. The water temperatures are typically (21 ±
3.
5) ºC for the spray water and typically (40 ± 5) ºC for the re-circulated immersion water
1
Adequate heat transfer between the test specimen and the environment is essential during the lower temperature period
in the fluorescent UV/condensation device in order for condensation on the sealant to occur. This places restrictions on
the thermal mass and, consequently, on the dimensions of a specimen. No experimental data have been generated on the
time-of-wetness of sealant test specimens of the kind specified in this standard when placed in fluorescent
UV/condensation device operating at conditions specified in this standard. However, testing conducted by ASTM C24 on
ISO 8339 specimens appears to suggest that the condensation process provided in the fluorescent UV/condensation
apparatus is generally not applicable to the type of sealant specimens tested. Therefore, wetting in this standard is carried
out by water spray on the exposed specimen surface (default method). However, the front surface water spray accessory
was not designed for this purpose and requires an unreasonable amount of pure water for the wet period specified.
Therefore, often the equipment is modified to allow re-circulation of the water during the exposure period. Some
fluorescent UV equipments have adaptable spray manifolds, which allow installation of lower flow type nozzles, thus
reducing the amount of pure water used.
2
Data generated with these two methods of water exposure (spray or immersion) in a round robin test on a set of sealants
for revision of ISO 11431 showed acceptable correlation, although contributions to the various degradation mechanisms
acting in the specimens (e.g. hydrolysis, thermal shock, leaching of formulation components, et cetera) can differ between
these exposures. The degree of correlation between these two methods thus may vary depending on the specific sealant
tested.
3
Spray water can be fresh or re-circulated from a holding tank. Immersion water is generally in a holding tank for re-
circulation. The temperature of the spray water is uncontrolled and for fresh water is typically 21 ± 5 °C. Re-circulated
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Suitable equipment and test procedures for cyclic exposures to water are described in ISO 4892, Parts 1, 2, 3
and 4. Water is a key factor contributing to the ageing of sealants, especially in combination with exposure to
light. In xenon arc devices that use water spray for wetting, relative humidity during the light period shall be
4
maintained at (50±10)% r.h. (see ISO 4892-2, Table 3, Method A, Cycle Number 1).
In the immersion technique, the test specimens are placed in a chamber that is periodically flooded with re-
circulated water. During immersion, the specimens are completely covered by water. The water temperature
is measured below the water surface with the black standard thermometer. The immersion system shall be
made from corrosion resistant materials that do not contaminate the water employed.
5.8 Artificial light source
Light sources for the simulation of the global radiation at the surface of the earth are subject to development.
The degree of approximation to the spectral power distribution according to CIE publication No. 85 (Table 4)
depends on the type of lamp. Xenon-arc lamps with suitable filters are preferred and are considered the
default for the purpose of this ISO standard.
Several factors can change the intensity and the spectral power distribution of the artificial light source during
service. Comply with the manufacturer’s recommendations and the requirements of ISO 4892 to maintain
constant irradiation conditions.
5.8.1 Xenon-arc light source (default)
Xenon-arc light source with daylight filters shall be used for the simulation of terrestrial daylight as defined in
the CIE publication No. 85. The spectral power distribution of the radiation shall comply with the requirements
outlined in ISO 4892, Part 2, Method A. Irradiance at the surface of the test specimens between the
2 2
wavelengths of 300 and 800 nm shall be set at 550 W/m and maintained at ±75 W/m . The equivalent
2 2
irradiance setting for 300-400 nm shall be 60 W/m maintained at ±2 W/m and the setting for 340 nm shall be
2 2
0.51 W/(m . nm) maintained at ±0.02 W/(m . nm). If, exceptionally, other intensities will be used, these shall
2
be stated in the test report. Irradiance below 300 nm shall not exceed 1 W/m . The irradiance shall not vary by
more than ±10% over the whole specimen exposure area.
5.8.2 Fluorescent ultraviolet source (option)
Fluorescent UVA-340 lamp(s) shall be used. The radiation of UVA-340 lamp(s) is mainly in the ultraviolet
region between 300 and 360 nm with negligible visible and infrared radiation. The spectral power distribution
of the radiation shall comply with the requirements outlined in ISO 4892, Part 3 for a lamp with 343 nm peak
2
emission. Irradiance below 300 nm shall not exceed 1W/m . The irradiance shall not vary by more than ±10%
over the whole specimen exposure area.
5.8.3 Open-flame carbon arc source (option)
Open-flame carbon arc light sources typically use carbon rods, which contain a mixture of metal salts. An
electric current is passed between the carbon rods, which burn and give off ultraviolet, visible, and infrared
radiation. Use carbon rods recommended by the device manufacturer. The spectral power distribution of the
spray water can be at a higher temperature. The uncontrolled temperature of the re-circulated immersion water during
operation of the weathering device is typically 40 ± 5 °C. It can be controlled by heating the water to a higher temperature.
However, heating is not desirable because the water immersion temperature would then differ to a larger extent from the
spray water temperature.
4
Generally, automated weathering equipment based on xenon-arc light with water immersion exposure and fluorescent
UV lamp type equipment do not allow control of humidity during the light period.
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ISO/DIS 11617
radiation shall comply with the requirements outlined in ISO 4892, Part 4, open-flame carbon arc light source
5
with daylight type filter (Type 1 Filter).
5.9 Insulated and uninsulated temperature sensors
Insulated (black standard thermometer, default) and uninsulated (black panel thermometer, option)
temperature sensors shall comply with the requirements outlined in ISO 4892, Part 1, section 5.2. The default
thermometer is the black standard thermometer.
NOTE Under given operation conditions black panel (uninsulated) thermometers tend to indicate lower
temperatures than the black standard (insulated) thermometers. The temperature difference between the two types
ranges between 3 °C and 12 °C, being smaller at lower irradiance levels.
The thermometer shall be mounted on the specimen rack so that its surface is in the same relative position
and subjected to the same influences as the test specimens. Readings shall only be taken after sufficient time
has elapsed for the temperature to become constant.
6 Preparation of test specimens
Three test specimens for each sealant and each aging method shall be prepared.
Bring the sealant to (23±2) °C before preparation of the specimens (this is generally achieved by conditioning
the packaged sealant for 24 h at this temperature). Prepare three specimens. For each specimen, assemble
one support (5.1), see Figure 1, by inserting two spacers (5.2) at the ends of the joint. Apply the open-cell
backing foam (5.3) to the bottom of the joint.
Follow the instructions of the sealant manufacturer concerning the sealant application, for instance, whether a
primer is to be used on the contact surface of the L-shaped support elements.
Fill the hollow volume (dimensions: width x depth x length = 20 mm x 15 mm x 100 mm) formed by the
support, the backing foam and spacers with the sealant, while taking the following precautions:
a) Avoid the formation of air bubbles;
b) Press the sealant to the inner surfaces of the pivoted support elements;
c) Trim the sealant surface so that it is flush with the faces of the support elements and spacers.
After preparation, the sealant test specimens shall be examined for defects. Any test specimens deemed
unsuitable for testing shall be rejected.
7 Conditioning
7.1 General
Condition the specimens at rest (static conditioning) in accordance with Method A (default) or Method B
(option), as agreed between the parties concerned.
5
The chemical composition of the carbon rods can affect the spectral power distribution of open flame carbon arc light
sources.
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7.2 Method A (default)
Place the specimens such that air can freely circulate to the back-face of the base-plate. Condition the
specimens, with the spacers in place, for 28 days at (23±2) °C and (50±5)% relative humidity. After the
conditioning, remove the spacers at both sides of the sealant joint.
7.3 Method B (option)
Condition the specimens first according to Method A. Then subject them three times to the following
conditioning cycle:
a) 3 days in the oven (5.6) at (70±2) °C
b) 1 day in distilled water at (23±2) °C
c) 2 days in the oven (5.6) at (70±2) °C
d) 1 day in distilled water at (23±2) °C
This cycle may be carried out alternatively in the sequence c) – d) – a) – b). After the conditioning, remove the
spacers at both sides of the sealant joint.
NOTE Conditioning B is a normal conditioning method using the influence of water and heat to accelerate the cure of
the sealant. It is not intended to give information on the durability of the sealant.
8 Test procedure
8.1 General
After conditioning and removal of the spacers, expose the specimens to the artificial weathering cycles and
mechanical movement (fatigue) cycles, as agreed by the parties concerned. The choice of the type of
accelerated weathering exposure shall be by mutual agreement among the interested parties. The default
degradation cycle is six (6) weeks of exposure in Xenon-arc type automatic weathering equipment (8.2.1) with
the test specimen simultaneously being exposed to mechanical cycling (8.3). The default value for the total
number of degradation cycles is three.
NOTE Because the different types of exposures may produce different test results, they cannot be used
interchangeably without supporting data that demonstrates equivalency of the procedures for the materials tested.
8.2 Accelerated weathering exposure conditions (default period: 6 weeks)
During the artificial weathering cycle, expose the test specimens to radiation by the artificial light source such
that the specimen test surface faces the lamp. During repeated exposure periods, i.e. when the specimens
are exposed to several degradation cycles, direct the radiation towards the exposed surface of the sealant.
Mount the test specimens so that the plane of the test surface is at a distance from the lamp(s) consistent with
the method for operating the apparatus (ISO 4892-2 or 4892-3 or 4892-4). Control the test temperatures with
a black standard thermometer (default) or black panel thermometer (option), see section 5.9, mounted on the
specimen rack so that the face of the temperature sensor is in the same relative position and is subjected to
the same influences as the test specimens.
8.2.1 Exposure in automatic weathering equipment – Xenon-arc type (default)
The light source shall be one or more xenon arc lamps with daylight filters installed to simulate terrestrial
daylight. The spectral power distribution, operating practices, and irradiance-uniformity and short wavelength
limit shall be as defined in section 5.8.1.
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The standard conditions of test (default) are repeated cycles of exposure that consist of six weeks of exposure
in the xenon arc machine, the irradiance level being set as specified in section 5.8.1, with alternating periods
of dry and wet:
a) A dry period of 102 minutes, in which the specimens are exposed to radiation and heat. From the start of
the dry period the temperature is allowed to rise, until it reaches a steady temperature of (65±3) °C, as
measured on the black standard thermometer (5.9). Relative humidity during the dry period is (50±10)%
using the xenon arc device with water spray. The chamber air temperature in machines that allow for its
control shall be (38±3) °C.
b) A wet period of 18 minutes, in which the specimens are exposed to radiation and wetting either by water
spray on the exposed surface or immersion in water. The water temperatures are typically (21 ± 5) °C for
the spray water and typically (40 ± 5) °C for the re-circulated immersion water.
The cycles of dry and wet exposures are repeated 504 times (default) (six weeks total duration in the
weathering machine).
NOTE Alternative exposure cycles as appropriate and agreed amongst the parties concerned may be used.
However, if the experimenter deviates from the default values specified, both the default values as well as the actual
conditions used must be reported.
Filtered xenon arcs p
...
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