ISO/IEC 15416:2016
(Main)Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Bar code print quality test specification — Linear symbols
Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Bar code print quality test specification — Linear symbols
ISO/IEC 15416:2016: - specifies the methodology for the measurement of specific attributes of bar code symbols; - defines a method for evaluating these measurements and deriving an overall assessment of symbol quality; and - provides information on possible causes of deviation from optimum grades to assist users in taking appropriate corrective action. ISO/IEC 15416:2016 applies to those symbologies for which a reference decode algorithm has been defined, and which are intended to be read using linear scanning methods, but its methodology can be applied partially or wholly to other symbologies.
Techniques automatiques d'identification et de capture des données — Spécifications pour essai de qualité d'impression des codes à barres — Symboles linéaires
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INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 15416
Second edition
2016-12-15
Automatic identification and data
capture techniques — Bar code print
quality test specification — Linear
symbols
Techniques automatiques d’identification et de capture des
données — Spécifications pour essai de qualité d’impression des codes
à barres — Symboles linéaires
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2016
© ISO/IEC 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
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ii © ISO/IEC 2016 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
4.1 Abbreviated terms . 2
4.2 Symbols . 3
5 Measurement methodology . 4
5.1 General requirements . 4
5.2 Reference reflectivity measurements . 4
5.2.1 General. 4
5.2.2 Measurement light source . 4
5.2.3 Measuring aperture . 4
5.2.4 Optical geometry . 5
5.2.5 Inspection band . 6
5.2.6 Number of scans . 7
5.3 Scan reflectance profile . 7
5.4 Scan reflectance profile assessment parameters . 8
5.4.1 General. 8
5.4.2 Element determination . 9
5.4.3 Edge determination . 9
5.4.4 Decode .10
5.4.5 Symbol contrast (SC) .10
5.4.6 Edge contrast (EC) .10
5.4.7 Modulation (MOD) .10
5.4.8 Defects .10
5.4.9 Decodability .12
5.4.10 Quiet zone check .13
6 Symbol grading .13
6.1 General .13
6.2 Scan reflectance profile grading .13
6.2.1 Decode .14
6.2.2 Reflectance parameter grading .14
6.2.3 Decodability .14
6.3 Expression of symbol grade .15
7 Substrate characteristics .15
Annex A (normative) Decodability .16
Annex B (informative) Example of symbol quality grading .17
Annex C (informative) Substrate characteristics .19
Annex D (informative) Interpretation of the scan reflectance profile and profile grades .23
Annex E (informative) Guidance on selection of light wavelength .26
Annex F (informative) Guidance on number of scans per symbol .28
Annex G (informative) Example of verification report .29
Annex H (informative) Comparison with traditional methodologies .30
Annex I (informative) Process control requirements .33
Bibliography .36
© ISO/IEC 2016 – All rights reserved iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee
SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 15416:2000), which has been
technically revised with the following changes, as well as minor editorial modifications:
— the computation of “Defects” was modified in this revision of ISO/IEC 15416 (see Note 3 in 5.4.8); and
— sharp boundaries between grade levels are avoided by assigning grades within grade boundaries to
the first decimal place (see the Notes in 6.2.2 and 6.2.3).
iv © ISO/IEC 2016 – All rights reserved
Introduction
The technology of bar coding is based on the recognition of patterns encoded in bars and spaces of
defined dimensions according to rules defining the translation of characters into such patterns, known
as the symbology specification.
The bar code symbol is produced in such a way as to be reliably decoded at the point of use, if it is to
fulfil its basic objective as a machine readable data carrier.
Manufacturers of bar code equipment and the producers and users of bar code symbols therefore
require publicly available standard test specifications for the objective assessment of the quality of
bar code symbols, to which they can refer to when developing equipment and application standards or
determining the quality of the symbols. Such test specifications form the basis for the development of
measuring equipment for process control and quality assurance purposes during symbol production,
as well as afterwards.
The performance of measuring equipment is the subject of a separate standard, ISO/IEC 15426-1.
This document is to be read in conjunction with the symbology specification applicable to the bar code
symbol being tested, which provides symbology-specific detail necessary for its application.
This methodology provides symbol producers and their trading partners a universally standardized
means for communicating about the quality of bar code symbols after they have been printed.
© ISO/IEC 2016 – All rights reserved v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 15416:2016(E)
Automatic identification and data capture techniques —
Bar code print quality test specification — Linear symbols
1 Scope
This document:
— specifies the methodology for the measurement of specific attributes of bar code symbols;
— defines a method for evaluating these measurements and deriving an overall assessment of symbol
quality; and
— provides information on possible causes of deviation from optimum grades to assist users in taking
appropriate corrective action.
This document applies to those symbologies for which a reference decode algorithm has been defined,
and which ar
...
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